Education

Complete History of Murder & Science (1/29/04)

2009-08-10 16:45:04

The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
Presents

DR. MICHAEL M. BADEN
The Complete History of Murder and Science in One Hour

Thursday, January 29, 2004
Stetson University College of Law, The Great Hall, 1401 61st Street South, Gulfport, FL

Michael M. Baden, M.D. is a graduate of New York University School of Medicine and Bellevue Hospital. He is former Chief Medical Examiner of New York City and is currently the Chief Forensic Pathologist for the New York State Police.

He has been involved as an expert in many cases of national and international interest, including:

The deaths of President John F. Kennedy and Dr. Martin Luther King, serving as Chairman of the Forensic Pathology Panel of the U.S. Congress Select Committee on Assassinations;
The examination of the remains of Tsar Nicholas of Russia and the Romanov family in Siberia;
The examination of mass graves in Serbia/Croatia;
Investigations in Israel into custodial deaths in Gaza and the West Bank;
The exhumation of Civil Rights Leader Medgar Evers;
The deaths of John Belushi, Billy Martin, and Las Vegas casino mogul Lonnie “Ted” Binion (State of Nevada v. Tabish and Murphy).

Dr. Baden has also served as an expert witness for the defense in many criminal cases, including the murder trials of Marlon Brando’s son, of Claus Von Bulow and of O.J. Simpson. Dr. Baden has been published in many national and international medical and forensic journals. He has published factual accounts of several of his cases in “Dead Reckoning – The New Science of Catching Killers” and “Unnatural Death -- Confessions of a Medical Examiner”.

Dr. Baden is the host of the HBO “Autopsy” series which demonstrates the contributions of the forensic sciences to homicide investigations. He is the forensic sciences commentator for FOX Television’s National News. He has held Professorial appointments at Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Albany Medical College, New York Law School and John Jay College of Criminal Justice and has served as President of the Society of Medical Jurisprudence and Vice President of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

PTSD Emerging Issues

2009-12-02 09:45:12

The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
Presents

Emerging Issues: Returning Veterans, PTSD and Other Injuries, and Their Impact on the Criminal Justice System

October 31, 2008
Stetson University College of Law, The Great Hall, 1401 61st Street South, Gulfport, FL

Speakers in the Eleazer Courtroom, Gulfport, FL: Front - Carol Henderson, Director NCSTL. Back - left to right: Professor Allen, Judge Russell, Professor Morgan. Speakers in California - not shown: Donna Jacobs, LTC Rabb, Dr. Weaver.

Moderator: Rebecca C. Morgan, Boston Asset Management, Faculty Chair in Elder Law, Director, LL.M. in Elder Law Stetson University College of Law. Bio

Speakers in the Eleazer Courtroom, Gulfport, FL
The Honorable Robert Russell, presiding judge of the Veterans Court, Buffalo, NY. Bio PowerPoint
Michael P. Allen, Professor of Law, Stetson University College of Law; Veterans Advocate. Bio

Speakers in Menlo Park, CA
Christopher M. Weaver, Ph.D., National Center for PTSD, Veterans Administration. Bio PowerPoint
Donna Jacobs, California Statewide Veterans Collaborative and founder of Not This Time Vets. Bio
Lt. Colonel David Rabb, U.S. Army Western Regional Medical Command VA Military Liaison. Bio PowerPoint

Emerging Issues: Returning Veterans, PTSD and Other Injuries, and Their Impact on the Criminal Justice System, was presented on October 31 in the Eleazer Courtroom. This interactive panel presentation was sponsored by the NCSTL as part of the 2008 Guest Lecture Series brought to Stetson University College of Law annually. The presentation was well attended by the Stetson and local communities.

“PTSD and Other Injuries” is an important, high-interest topic which unfortunately represents an ever-growing national problem. Defendant veterans who experience physical and psychological injuries often find themselves facing criminal charges when they react inappropriately in civilian life. Professionals from healthcare, law, military and other government agencies, as well as citizen groups, are beginning to work together to help identify and respond to combat vets returning to civilian life. The aim is to assist the vets in their transition to civilian life and avoid criminal behavior. The presentation addressed the most commonly experienced physical and psychological injuries, available recovery resources, the judicial response to the veterans, and military resources for reserve and active duty personnel and dependents.

The panel represented each of the groups described and participated from the Eleazer Courtroom in Gulfport and from the Palo Alto Veterans Administration (VA) Hospital in California via videoconference. Professor Rebecca Morgan, moderator, and Professor Michael Allen, Veterans Advocate, participated from the Eleazer with the Honorable Judge Robert Russell, presiding judge of the Veterans Court in Buffalo, NY. Dr. Christopher Weaver of the National Center for PTSD at the VA; Donna Jacobs, California Statewide Veterans Collaborative and founder of Not This Time Vets; and Lt. Colonel David Rabb, U.S. Army Western Regional Medical Command VA Military Liaison, participated from Palo Alto.

Forensic Pathology on Both Sides of the Pond (4/4/05)

2009-08-10 18:09:56

The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
Presents

DRS. MICHAEL M. BADEN AND PETER DEAN
Forensic Pathology on Both Sides of the Pond

Webcast

April 4, 2005
Stetson University College of Law, The Great Hall, 1401 61st Street South, Gulfport, FL

Dr. Michael M. Baden, a Board-certified forensic pathologist and former Chief Medical Examiner, New York City, maintains a private practice, and is the Co-Director of the New York State Police Medico-Legal Investigation Unit. After receiving his Medical Degree in 1959 from New York University School of Medicine, Dr. Baden interned in New York City hospitals. From 1961 to 1986, Dr. Baden worked in the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner in New York City and was the Chief Medical Examiner from 1978 to 1979. He was also the Deputy Chief Medical Examiner for Suffolk County from 1981 to 1983. Dr. Baden has held professorial appointments at Albert Einstein Medical School, Albany Medical College, New York Law School and John Jay College of Criminal Justice.

Dr. Baden has also served as an expert witness for the defense in many criminal cases, including the Claus Von Bulow murder trial, Marlon Brando's son's murder trial, as well as the O.J. Simpson trial. He was the Chairman of the Forensic Pathology Panel of the U.S. Congress Select Committee on Assassinations that investigated the deaths of President John F. Kennedy and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Dr. Baden has been involved as an expert in forensic pathology in many cases of international interest, including:

The examination of the remains of Tsar Nicholas of Russia and his family
The death of John Belushi
The re-autopsy of Medgar Evers, Civil Rights Leader
The death of Billy Martin
Autopsies of the victims of TWA Flight 800

During his career, Dr. Baden has published in numerous national and international medical journals. He has also published factual accounts of several of his cases in the books “Unnatural Death, Confessions of a Medical Examiner” and “Dead Reckoning – The New Science of Catching Killers,” which was released in September 2001. In addition, Dr. Baden has been the subject of nine HBO specials beginning in 1994 and continuing through the present, including a “Best of” which highlights several of his interesting cases to demonstrate the value of forensic sciences allied with solid police investigative techniques in homicide investigations.

Dr. Peter Dean graduated with a Bachelor of Medicine from The London Hospital Medical College, then went on to secure his degree as Bachelor of Dental Surgery before securing a Diploma from the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. While working as a G.P. in East London he started working part time as a Police Surgeon or Forensic Medical Examiner with the Metropolitan Police.

As his interest in Forensic Medicine developed, he became a Coroner after further legal studies, and now divides his time between working as a Coroner in Suffolk and Essex, and practicing Clinical Forensic Medicine in London. He has written innumerable professional papers on forensic medicine and has published a book, “Medico-Legal Essentials in Healthcare”. He regularly acts as an expert witness in cases relating to clinical forensic medicine, child abuse, and adult sexual assault. He is also called upon to advise on the forensic aspects of television drama series such as “Silent Witness” and “Waking the Dead” for the BBC. Dr. Dean has a particular interest in the historical development of Forensic Medicine, aspects of which will be touched upon in this lecture.

Forensic Anthropology (2/15/05)

2009-07-03 15:20:48

Dr. Anthony Falsetti was guest lecturer at Professor Carol Henderson's Scientific Evidence Workshop at Stetson on February 15, 2005. Dr. Falsetti is a forensic anthropologist at University of Florida's CA Pound Human Identification Lab.

Digging Up Dirt on Experts (10/05)

2009-07-03 15:08:08

Digging Up Dirt on Experts

Information from the presentation by

Carol Henderson
Director
The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
at Stetson University College of Law
Last updated October 2007

Expert Witness Directories
General Internet Research Tools
Scientific Associations & Societies
Universities
Government Contractors
Doctors & Healthcare Facilities
Pending & Litigated Lawsuits
Deposition Transcripts
Published Works/Periodicals
Listserv Lists, Bulletin Boards, Blogs & More
Jury Verdicts
Public Records

Expert Witness Directories

Online expert witness directories allow a researcher to find specialists with specific expertise. Most are free to the end user. Experts pay a fee to list their information. Many bar associations now include online expert witness directories.

Experts.com (www.experts.com/directory.asp)
Listings include a personal biography and contact information, including links to e-mail addresses and the expert's personal website.

FindLaw (http://marketcenter.findlaw.com/scripts/browse/4/415/417)

ALMExperts.com (www.almexperts.com/ExpertWitness)
Searches can be performed by the areas of expertise, the name of the expert, or by a keyword. Includes over 15,000 listings of expert witnesses, investigators, process servers, court reporters, consultants and litigation support professionals. Listings are divided into 3,300 areas of expertise.

HG.org (www.hgexperts.com/hg/consultants_expert_witnesses.asp)
Searches can be performed by the areas of expertise, geographic location, or by keyword. Listings are divided into nearly 1,000 areas of expertise.

Rominger Legal (www.romingerlegal.com/expert/allcategories.html)
Includes a search function that allows a researcher to find any documents in the site's database that includes an expert's name.

JurisPro Expert Witness Directory (www.jurispro.com/expertList.asp)
Created by practicing attorneys and divides experts into thousands of categories. Users have access to the experts' contact information and a link to the expert's personal website, complete copies of curricula vitae, links to articles written by the expert or which discuss the expert's specialization, and a statistical breakdown of the expert's experience. The site also includes contact information for the expert's personal references.

ExpertPages (http://expertpages.com)
Claims to be the Internet's first directory of expert witnesses and consultants. Site separates experts into more than 360 categories and includes contact information and links to the expert's e-mail and personal website.

The Internet Directory of Expert Witnesses (www.ExpertWitness.com)

Internet Legal Resource Guide: Expert Testimony & Consultant Resources (www.ilrg.com/experts_ref.html)

The National Directory of Expert Witnesses (www.national-experts.com)

Also see Jim Robinson, Finding and Researching Expert Witnesses on the Web, LLRX.com, October 1, 2002 (http://www.llrx.com/features/findingexperts.htm).

General Internet Research Tools

Google (http://www.google.com)

Lycos (http://www.lycos.com)

AltaVista (http://www.AltaVista.com)

Excite (http://www.excite.com)

LawCrawler (http://lawcrawler.findlaw.com) Searches legal information

Dogpile (http://www.dogpile.com) searches Google, Yahoo!, AskJeeves, and Overture. ‘Meta-search engines’ scan other major search engines and then list the top results based on statistical findings.

Search Engine Comparison Chart (http://www.llrx.com/features/searchenginechart.htm)

Yahoo! (http://www.yahoo.com) ‘Human-powered’ directories depend on an editorial review of listings

The Invisible Web

Search engine experts estimate that the most popular search engines fail to index (locate) 70-75 percent of Internet pages. Inquisitive researchers need to look at other sites to find information besides search engines.

See Marcus P. Zillman, Deep Web Research 2005, LLRX.com, January 17, 2005 (http://www.llrx.com/features/deepweb2005.htm).

Scientific Associations & Societies

Associations Unlimited Database, commonly called the Encyclopedia of Associations, contains detailed descriptions of 135,000 membership organizations in all fields. This database is available online through many university library sites and can also be accessed through many public libraries with a valid library card number. It is also available on Westlaw.

Universities

University sites will often include articles, presentations, dissertations, and theses written by professors and students. This information may be removed from the visible site but is still accessible by searching the site itself. An inquisitive researcher can also find a specific faculty member's curriculum vitae that would not be found on a search engine.

The ‘advanced search’ function on Google (www.google.com/advanced_search) can restrict a search to the contents of specific university sites.

A centralized list of colleges and universities with links to their home pages has been established on the University of Florida site. (www.clas.ufl.edu/au).

Educational credentials can be verified for a fee at Credentials, Inc. (http://www.degreechk.com) and National Student Clearinghouse (http://www.studentclearinghouse.org).

Government Contractors

Excluded Parties List System (http://www.epls.gov) lists individuals and entities that are excluded from receiving contracts or financial assistance from the federal government.

Doctors & Healthcare Facilities

The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations site (http://www.qualitycheck.org/consumer/searchQCR.aspx) contains a directory of HMOs, hospitals, medical laboratories, behavioral healthcare facilities (chemical dependency centers and developmental disability facilities), assisted living facilities, and office-based surgeons.

Pending & Litigated Lawsuits

To determine if an expert is a party in a lawsuit, try the following sites: U.S. Party/Case Index (http://pacer.uspci.uscourts.gov) federal courts, updated daily, fee based; Justia’s Federal District Court Filings & Dockets (http://dockets.justia.com) federal cases, free search; and Who’s Suing Whom (http://www.tlc-com/texis/tmp/litcases3) patent, trademark or copyright cases, fee based.

Deposition Transcripts

Experts often do not realize that their prior testimony may be available for review by the opposing party in a future case. This can be useful for impeachment purposes and to track trends, such as an expert's tendency to testify for a certain law firm.

Atkinson Baker Court Reporters (www.depo.com) has over 100,000 deposition transcripts archived. The service will not search for past testimony from specific experts, but it will provide archived transcripts if the case is known by the researcher.

The Defense Research Institute (www.dri.org), a membership association concerned with the defense of civil actions, provides archived depositions for its members.

The Association of Trial Lawyers of America (ATLA) (www.atla.org) provides more than 22,000 archived depositions.

An information-sharing network of defense firms, corporations, and government entities called Idex (www.idex.com) allows defense attorneys to access deposition transcripts. The Idex site contains a database of over 800,000 records of expert involvement and full text copies of an expert's testimony. Fee based.

Plaintiff attorneys have created TRIALSmith (www.depoconnect.com), which contains 175,000 deposition transcripts. Partner associations include 48 state trial organizations (all states and the District of Columbia, except Illinois, North Dakota, and South Dakota). Briefs, pleadings, verdicts, settlements, and other information are also available on the site. Generally, a fee-based subscription is required.

Medical Malpractice Expert Witness Depositions and Testimony Database (www.malpracticedepositions.com)

Published Works/Periodicals

Though curricula vitae can be located on the Internet, frequently experts will omit some published works. There are, however, a variety of sources where an inquisitive researcher can go to find sources where the expert has been published or quoted.

Westlaw (www.westlaw.com) or LexisNexis (www.lexis.com) are the most comprehensive sources for published works. Both services require memberships and rates vary depending on the type of access plan the user secures.

FindArticles.com (www.findarticles.com) Has a searchable database of more than 5 million articles from approximately 500 print periodicals with coverage back to 1998.

Some of articles are included on Yahoo! (www.yahoo.com), and therefore are indexed on general search engines.

MagPortal.com (www.magportal.com) Searches approximately 150 online magazines and newsletters. Not all articles from each of the listed periodicals are necessarily indexed. Only those articles that are freely available online are included.

PubMed (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi) A service of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the site includes over 15 million citations for biomedical articles dating back to the 1950s. Citations include links to sites that include full-text articles and come from MEDLINE as well as assorted life science journals.

Social Science Research Network (http://www.ssrn.com) disseminates social science research and encourages early distribution of research results.

IngentaConnect (www.ingentaconnect.com) Contains a collection of academic and professional publications with over 18 million articles, chapters, and reports. Site searches more than 29,000 publications.

ISI Highly Cited (http://www.isihighlycited.com) provides biographical profiles of the research professionals who are among the most cited individuals from 1989 forward across 21 subject areas.

To find a comprehensive list of books authored by an expert a researcher should visit the online catalog of the Library of Congress (http://catalog.loc.gov) or Amazon.com (www.amazon.com).

Newspapers

Newspapers frequently seek comments from specialists about topical issues, comments which can later be used by a resourceful opposing party. A newspaper that has published a quote by an expert often has used the expert in the past. A diligent researcher can refer to the newspaper and utilize its search function to find earlier published quotes or other relevant information about an expert.

Google News (http://news.google.com) has a searchable database of 4,500 news sources.

Newslink (http://newslink.org) The site has links to major newspapers, radio and television stations, and selected magazines. It also links to a limited number of international newspapers.

ThePaperboy.com (www.thepaperboy.com) Based in Australia, the site links to both domestic and international newspapers, including small regional papers. A searchable index allows a user to find newspapers within a specific geographic region.

Listserv Lists, Bulletin Boards, Blogs & More

Many experts share information and theories on Internet bulletin boards and mailing lists (frequently called ‘listservs’). These sources may not be found utilizing standard search engines yet they could contain information that the opposing party in a case can locate. Communications between experts and attorneys are available for free viewing on such boards.

Legal organizations and sites such as the Association of Trial Lawyers of America (ATLA) (www.atlanet.org/Lyris/index.aspx) and FindLaw (http://boards.lp.findlaw.com) offer list servers for lawyers.

Other listservs, such as EXPERT-L, a board maintained by the Expert Witness Network (http://www.witness.net/html/list.htm), are directed to both experts and the legal community.

Google (www.google.com) recently acquired the Deja News Usenet archive, a collection of public discussion newsgroups. A researcher can search for relevant Usenet groups at http://groups-beta.google.com. The researcher can conduct a search for the expert as a message author (i.e., author:firstname, author:lastname, or author:emailaddress@domain.com).

FORENS-L is an electronic discussion group initially designed for forensic scientists that has members in the legal, academic, and scientific communities. Subscribing is free and can be done by sending a mail message to postmaster@acc.fau.edu. The subject line is left blank and the text of the message should read: subscribe forens-l [your name].

If an expert maintains a blog, any posted comments might be useful to determine whether the expert has ever taken a different view on a subject. Google Blog Search (http://blogsearch.google.com) searches blogs by subject. Clusty (http://blogs.clusty.com) is a metasearch tool that scans other blog search engines and delivers the results in an organized hierarchy.

Experts might post their curricula vitae, resumes or profiles on networking websites such as Linkedin (http://www.linkedin.com). Other networking resources for posting business profiles include Ziggs (http://www.ziggs.com), Ryze (http://www.ryze.com), and the popular personal profiling websites MySpace (http://www.myspace.com) and Facebook (http://www.facebook.com).

As more and more podcasts are produced, they should not be overlooked as a resource for determining an expert’s opinion or change of opinion. Podzinger (http://www.everyzing.com) searches the spoken text of an entire podcast, not just the text of the podcast’s title or author.

Jury Verdicts

The National Association of State Jury Verdict Publishers includes a free directory of more than 25,000 experts who have testified in civil jury trial across the United States in the last five years, found at http://www.juryverdicts.com/experts/index.html. The NASJVP publishes state-specific civil jury verdict case summaries in weekly and monthly newsletters. The summaries highlight the case name/number, venue, judge, trial attorneys, expert witnesses, and include a paragraph outlining the factual and legal allegations.

Public Records

In addition to subscriber services such as Westlaw and Lexis, the following resources compile a variety of information available from public records (generally, for a fee) or provide links to public records:

Accurint (http://www.accurint.com)
Black Book Online (http://www.blackbookonline.info)
BRB Publications (http://www.brbpub.com/default.asp) - “portal to the public record industry"
Choicepoint (http://www.choicepoint.net)
Merlin Information Sources (http://www.merlindata.com/industrylinks.htm)
Public Records Online Directory (http://publicrecords.netronline.com) - provides links to state and municipal sites
Search Systems (http://www.searchsystems.net) - provides thousands of public records links and identifies which links offer free information
Virtual Gumshoe (http://www.virtualgumshoe.com)
Vital Records Information (http://www.vitalrec.com) provides a comprehensive list of public records for each state as well as counties, most cities and municipalities, and also includes fee information and links to foreign records sites.

CSI Effect Bibliography (7/13/06)

2009-07-03 15:19:05

Bibliography of Resources Related to the CSI Effect

Prepared by the staff of NCSTL: Updated July 13, 2006

Ann Althouse, The "CSI Effect" (blog entry), May 13, 2005, www.althouse.blogspot.com/2005/05/csi-effect.html.

Monida Amarelo, Pathologists Say TV Forensics Creates Unrealistic Expectations, aaas.org, News Archives, Feb. 21, 2005, www.aaas.org/news/releases/2005/0221csi.shtml.

Anderson Cooper 360 Degrees, CNN, Feb. 23, 2005, www.cnn.com/CNN/Programs/anderson.cooper.360.

AP, Attorneys Fight 'CSI Effect', Augusta Chronicle, Nov. 25, 2006, at B3.

AP, Fear of 'CSI Effect' Changes How Cases Are Investigated, Tried Jurors Expect More Exact Evidence, Like on TV, Grand Forks Herald (ND), Dec. 5, 2005.

AP, Trial Rule Lets Suspects Go: Three Freed Last Week Because They Didn't Go to Trial within Six Months, Fort Wayne News Sentinel (IN), Jan. 17, 2006, at L1.

Lisa Arthur, Experts Blow Whistle on 'CSI' Forensic Fiction, Miami Herald, Dec. 15, 2002, at 1.

Lisa Arthur, Forensics Experts Are No Fans of 'CSI', Wichita Eagle, Dec. 25, 2002, at 2.

Tresa Baldas, Jurors Gone Wild: How TV and the Internet are Driving Juries Out of Control, New Jersey Law Journal, May 30, 2005.

Tresa Baldas, Lawyers Report Jurors Gone Wild, May 16, 2005, www.law.com/jsp/nlj/PubArticleFriendlyNLJ.jsp?id1115975115624.

Walt Belcher, College Teacher Finds Some Evidence Debunking Alleged CSI Effect on Verdicts, Tampa Tribune, Feb. 16, 2006, at 4.

Mark Billingham, Tarantino Is Perfect For This Kinky Crime Show Thriller Writer Mark Billingham, a Long-Time Fan of CSI, Looks Forward To the Series Finale - Directed By Quentin Tarantino, Daily Telegraph (London) July 9, 2005, at 9.

Andrew Blankstein and Jean Guccione, Close-Up: Consider the Evidence: Today’s Topic: The Legal System, Lexington Herald-Leader (KY), Mar. 20, 2005, at A2.

Andrew Blankstein and Jean Guccione, "CSI" Effect Hinted by Blake Jurors, Post-Gazette.com, Mar. 20, 2005, at A14, www.post-gazette.com/pg/05079/473831.stm.

Patti Bond, Feds Fight the Nod-Off Element of Enron Case: Long, Eye-Glazing Haul Typical of White-Collar Fraud Prosecutions, Atlanta Journal and Constitution, Feb. 12, 2006, at Q1.

Brittney Booth, Crime Shows Seeping Into Jury Selections, The Monitor (TX), May 9, 2006.

Majsan Bostrom, On the Trail: CSI Work Takes Grit, Lacks TV Glamour, Investigator Says, Star-News (Wilmington, NC), May 28, 2006, at 1B.

Diana Botluk and Brittan Mitchell, Getting a Grip on the CSI Effect: The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law at Stetson University College of Law LLRX.com, May, 2005.

Lee Bowman, TV Crimes Not Like Real Life Science: "CSI" Brings Forensic Work to Public, But Creates False Expectations, Long Beach Press-Telegram, Feb. 21, 2005, at A13.

Alan Boyle, Crime Sleuths Cope with "CSI" Effect: Forensic Experts Dogged by TV Expectations, MSNBC, Feb. 20, 2005, www.msnbc.msn.com/id/7003715/print/1/displaymode/1098.

John Bringardner, Technology on Trial: Not Beyond a Reasonable Doubt: Did TV – CSI and 20/20 – Affect Jury Expectations?, Law Technology Product News, May 2005, at 34.

Beth Burger, Reporter Learns of "CSI" Effect", Wisconsin Daily Tribune, Apr. 30, 2005, at 2.

Amanda Cameron, TV Fails To Show Crime-Solving Reality, New Zealand Herald, July 10, 2005, at 37.

Karin Cather, The CSI Effect: Fake TV and Its Impact on Jurors in Criminal Cases, Prosecutor, Mar./Apr. 2004.

Roger Catlin, Creative Fakery Makes 'CSI: Miami' Look Legit, Los Angeles Times, Feb. 17, 2003, at E20.

Roger Catlin, Faux-rensics: First 'CSI,' then 'CSI: Miami' Grab Viewers with Puzzles, Science and Realistic Gore, Hartford Courant, Feb. 9, 2003, at G1.

Meggan Clark and Phil Helsel, "CSI" Effect Causing Crime Lab Backlog, New Haven Register, May 31, 2005, www.nhregister.com/site/news.cfm?newsid=14614357&BRD=1281&PAG=461&dept_id=517515&rfi=8.

Dick Clarke, Experts: CSI Fails Test of Time: Real Crimes Not Solved So Fast, They Say, The Post-Standard, Apr. 19, 2002, at B5.

Simon Cole and Rachel Dioso, Law and the Lab, Wall Street Journal, May 13, 2005.

Craig M. Cooley, Forensic Individualization Sciences and the Capital Jury: Are Witherspoon Jurors More Deferential to Suspect Science than Non-Witherspoon Jurors?, 28 S. Ill. U. L.J. 273 (Winter 2004) (Southern Illinois University Law Journal).

Craig M. Cooley, Forgettable Science, Forensic Science, and Capital Punishment: Reforming the Forensic Science Community to Avert the Ultimate Injustice, 15 Stan. L. & Pol'y Rev. 381 (2004) (Stanford Law and Policy Review), http://slpr.stanford.edu/15_2.html.

Kate Coscarelli, The"CSI Effect": TV's False Reality Fools Jurors, Sun Herald (Biloxi, MS), Apr. 28, 2005, M35.

Dan Cray et al., How Science Solves Crimes from Ballistics to DNA, Forensic Scientists Are Revolutionizing Police Work-On TV and In Reality. And Just in Time, Time, Oct. 21, 2002, at 36.

Criminal Law: The CSI Effect, Legal Intelligencer, May 23, 2005, at 2.

CSI Branded Unrealistic, MX (Australia), Feb. 24, 2005, at 12.

CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSI:_Crime_Scene_Investigation.

The CSI Effect, The Early Show, CBS News, Mar. 21, 2005, www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/03/21/earlyshow/main681949.shtml.

CSI Effect Hits Dane County Courtrooms: Judge Warns Jurors: This is Not TV, Channel 3000, WiscTV.com, Mar. 3, 2005, www.channel3000.com/technology/4250198/detail.html.

CSI Has 'Major Effect' on Real Life Juries, CBS4 Denver, May 5, 2005, news4colorado.com.

CSI: Hollywood Hype or Real Life Crime Work?, Fox News Live, May 7, 2005.

'CSI' Versus Reality: Can TV Taint Trials? (Editorial), The Press of Atlantic City, Mar. 1, 2006, at A8.

Dick Dahl, NYU Professor Says "CSI Effect" May Work in Reverse, Daily Record (Kansas City, MO), May 13, 2006.

Scott Davis, Crime Lab's Top Foe -TV, Saginaw News (MI), Feb. 26, 2006, at 1A.

Laura Debenedetto-Kenyon, The CSI Factor, Government Video, Apr. 2005, governmentvideo.com/articles/publish/article_608.shtml.

Johnny Dee, The Guide: Trite and Tested: Just Because Something Wouldn't Happen in Real Life Doesn't Mean it Can't Happen Every Single Night on TV: Johnny Dee Records the Series of Little Cliches That Fill the Small Screen, Guardian (UK), May 21, 2005, at 8.

Sarah Desmarais, Heather Price and J. Don Read, Who is Educating the Jurors: The Experts or the Media? Part II, Presentation at American Psychology-Law Society, Mar. 4, 2005, St. Petersburg, Florida.

Linda Deutsch, "CSI" and "Law & Order" Lead Jurors to Great Expectations, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Jan. 30, 2006, at D1.

Linda Deutsch, Leading the Juries Reality Perception: Viewers are Learning Unreal Order of the Courts from 'CSI' and 'L&O', Kansas City Star (MO), Jan. 24, 2006, at E1.

Linda Deutsch, TV Distorting Jurors' Expectations? , Seattle Times, Jan. 15, 2006, at A9.

Linda Deutsch, Weighing the Evidence: Jury's Still Out on the Influence of TV Dramas on Court System, New Jersey Record, Jan. 19, 2006, at F7.

Don't Let Facts Get in the Way of a Good Story or Crime, Courier Mail (Australia), Mar. 24, 2005.

Sandi Doughton, Forensic Scientists Take the Spotlight Thanks to Crime Dramas' Popularity, Seattle Times (WA), Feb. 19, 2006, at B1.

Melissa Dribben, Trial by 'CSI': Jurors Influenced by the Popular TV Shows Increasingly Demand Prime-Time-Style Evidence - and Lawyers Must Adjust, Philadelphia Inquirer (PA), Feb. 19, 2006, at M1.

Melissa Dribben, 'CSI' Effect Has Jurors Expecting More Evidence, Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Mar. 2, 2006, at E4.

Scott Ehlers, State Legislative Affairs Update: Crime Labs and Forensic Evidence, The Champion, May 2006, at 50.

Karen Farkas, Jurors Swept Up in 'CSI Effect' TV Makes Them Expect Too Much, Prosecutors Say TV Shows Inflate Their Expectations, Prosecutors Say, Cleveland Plain Dealer, Mar. 26, 2006, at A1.

FBI Training Network, The CSI Effect: Fact or Fiction, training session on June 15, 2005, VHS copies available, www.dlnets.com/fbi_15Jun05.htm.

Nick Fleming, Labs Hit by 'CSI Effect', Daily Telegraph (London), Feb. 22, 2005, at 5.

Paul Foreman, TV Generation Juries Want More Evidence, Birmingham News, Sept. 14, 2005, at 1.

Forensic Experts Hit by the 'CSI Effect', Coventry Evening Telegraph, Feb. 22, 2005.

Ted Frank, The CSI Effect; (blog posting), Overlawyered.com, Apr. 22, 2005, www.overlawyered.com/archives/002259.html.

Robin Franzen , 'CSI' Effect on Potential Jurors has Some Prosecutors Worried, San Diego Union-Tribune, Dec. 16, 2002, at D6, signonsandiego.com/index.html.

Kristen Gelineau, Students Learning the Reality of 'CSI', Albany Times Union (NY), May 10, 2005, at D6.

Peter Gelzinis, Another "Slam Dunk" Case Turns Into Airball, Boston Herald Nov. 10, 2004, at 4, pqasb.pqarchiver.com/bostonherald/733734861.html?did=733734861&FMT=ABS&FMTS=FT&date=Nov+10%2C+2004&author=PETER+GELZINIS&pub=Boston+Herald&desc=Another+%60slam+dunk%27+case+turns+into+airball.

Josh Gildea, America Falls for the 'CSI Effect', Daily Cardinal (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Mar. 16, 2005, www.dailycardinal.com/media/paper439/news/2005/03/16/Opinion/America.Falls.For.The.csi.Effect-894845.shtml.

Amy Lennard Goehner, Lina Lofaro, and Kate Novak, Where CSI Meets Real Law and Order: Ripple Effect, Time, Nov. 8, 2004, at 69, www.time.com/time/archive/preview/0,10987,995588,00.html.

Vince Gonzales, Prosecutors Feel the "CSI Effect," CBS News, Feb. 10, 2005, www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/02/10/eveningnews/main673060.shtml .

Sanjay Gupta, Innovative Techniques in Forensic Science: CSI on the TV and in Real Life, CNN News, May 14, 2005.

James Hannah, 'CSI' Puts Heat on Real Investigators, Charleston Gazette, Dec. 1, 2002, at 4A.

James Hannah, Forensic Sleuths Feel Heat: People Are Beginning to Expect the Impossible: They Just Saw it on TV, Charleston Observer, Dec. 1, 2002, at 17A.

Mark Hansen, The Uncertain Science of Evidence, ABA Journal, Jul. 2005, at 53, www.abanet.org/journal/redesign/07fcle.html">www.abanet.org/journal/redesign/07fcle.html.

Carlene Hempel, TV's Whodunit Effect: Police Dramas Are Having an Unexpected Impact in the Real World, Boston Globe, Feb. 9, 2003, at 13.

Ellis Henican, TV Crime Shows Teach Criminals Only So Much, Newsday, Mar. 24, 2006, at A2.

Jessica Heslam, Search for a Killer: Industrious Thugs Glean Tips from TV, Boston Herald (MA), Mar. 13, 2006, at 5.

Megan Holland, Crime Stoppers Hopes Weekly TV Spots Draw Tips: Evidence Often Isn't Enough: Anchorage Police Need Witnesses to Nab Crooks: Battling the 'CSI Effect', Anchorage Daily News, Oct. 1, 2005, at A1.

Honeymoon Over with CSI Shows, Kitchener Record, Feb. 23, 2005, at D18.

Max M. Houck, CSI: REALITY, Scientific American, July 2006, http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&articleID=000394C8-1227-1493-906183414B7F0162.

Beth Hundsdorfer, Crime Lab Technicians are Vital to Solving Complex Local Cases, Belleville News Democrat (IL), Mar. 13, 2005, at A1.

Beth Hundsdorfer, Illinois Style: Real-Life CSI Not as Glamorous as TV Version, AP Alert-Illinois, Apr. 8, 2005.

Stephen Hunt, A Voice for a Murder Victim, Salt Lake Tribune (UT), D, June 12, 2005.

Interview with Robert Hirschhorn, CNN News, Aug. 6, 2004.

Jose Luis Jimenez, Learning Law Lessons: During Mock Trial, Attorneys Explain Forensic Evidence to Students, San Diego Union-Tribune, Mar. 18, 2006.

Justice Under the Microscope, New York Times, May 16, 2005, at A20, query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res= F30910FF34540C758DDDAC0894DD404482&incamp=archive:search.

Hattie Kaufman, "The CSI Effect," CBS News, Mar. 21, 2005, www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/03/21/earlyshow/main681949.shtml.

Allison Klein, Art Trips Up Life: TV Crime Shows Influence Jurors CSI: The Expectation of Futuristic Hard-Science Evidence Leads to Acquittals in Cases Prosecutors Thought Were Airtight, Baltimore Sun, Jul. 25, 2004, at 1A.

F.A. Krift, The "CSI Effect" Makes Job Tougher for Today's Real-Life Detectives as Crooks Wise Up, The Beaumont Enterprise, June 30, 2006.

Joline Gutierrez Krueger, Jurors Quizzed on 'CSI Effect', Albuquerque Tribune (NM), Feb. 7, 2005, at A1.

P. Kwartner & M.T. Boccaccini, Evidence Based Recommendations for Providing Effective Expert Witness Testimony, in R. Jackson (ed.), Learning Forensic Assessment (LEA Books, in press).

Denise Lavoie, Wrongful Convictions, Acquittals Haunt Suffolk County Prosecutors, AP Alert – MA, Jan. 2, 2005.

Abigail W. Leonard, Jacobson, Stephen Williams, and Andy Rathburn, Cool 2 Know, Newsday, Mar. 7, 2005, at B2.

Bruce Lieberman, Forensics: Fact vs. Fiction: TV Shows Make Crime Solving Look Easy, but in Real Life, It's Not So Simple, Union-Tribune, Feb. 21, 2005, at A1.

Margaret Lillard, Pop Culture Influence: Study: TV's Effect on Juror Behavior Limited, Myrtle Beach Sun News (SC), Feb. 16, 2006, at C4.

Margaret Lillard, Real Juries Don't Demand 'CSI' Precision, Study Finds, Orlando Sentinel, Feb. 16, 2006, at A12.

Paul A. Logli, Message from the President: SOS, CSI and NAC, The Prosecutor, Mar./Apr. 2006, at 5, www.ndaa-apri.org/publications/ndaa.

Stefan Lovgren, "‘CSI’ Effect" is Mixed Blessing for Real Crime Labs, National Geographic News, Sept. 23, 2004, news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/09/0923_040923_csi.html.

Ross MacDowell, The Real CSI, Sunday Herald Sun (Australia), 8, Jan. 23, 2005.

Kirk Makin, The Reliance on Science as a Cure for Injustice, The Globe and Mail, Nov. 22, 2004, at A1.

Maricopa County Attorney’s Office, CSI: Maricopa County: The CSI Effect and Its Real-Life Impact on Justice, Maricopa County, AZ, June 30, 2005, http://www.maricopacountyattorney.org/Press/default.asp.

Alex Massie, "CSI Effect" Evidence in US Courtrooms, Scotland on Sunday, Apr. 24 2005, news.scotsman.com/archive.cfm?id=436302005.

Catriona Mathewson, Screen of the Crime, Courier Mail (Australia), Mar. 24, 2005, at 5.

Katie McDevitt, ‘CSI Effect’ Turns Jurors Into Instant Experts,, East Valley Tribune, Jul. 1, 2005, www.eastvalleytribune.com/index.php?sty=43932.

Nancy McGuire, The CSI Effect, Chemistry.org (American Chemical Society), Mar. 7, 2005, www.chemistry.org/portal/a/c/s/1/feature_ent.html?DOC=enthusiasts%5Cent_crimelab.html.

Michele McPhee, Hub Cops Playing Catch-Up with Crime Scene Special Unit, Boston Herald (MA), May 31, 2005, at 2.

Flynn McRoberts, Steve Mills and Maurice Possley, Prosecutors Say Popular TV Crime Shows Create 'CSI Effect': Analysis: Some Lawyers Say Juries Penalize Those Who Don't Offer Forensic Evidence, but Others Say There's No Proof Either Way, Duluth News Tribune (MN), June 12, 2005.

Joe Milicia, Are Bad Guys Getting Tips from Crime-Scene Dramas? 'CSI' and Some Other TV Shows Offer Tips on How to Get Away With Murder, Some Investigators Contend, Miami Herald, Feb. 2 2006, at E3.

Kira Millage, CSI: Fact and Fiction, Bellingham Herald (WA), Mar. 22, 2006, at 1C.

Bob Miller, 'CSI' Shows May Educate Jurors but also Raise Expectations in Court, AP Alert – Missouri, May 14, 2005.

Steve Mirsky, Crime Scene Investigation: TV Superscientists Affect Real Courts, Campuses and Criminals, Scientific American.com, Apr. 25, 2005.

Nadia Mohandessi, Solving Murders Isn't Like on TV: Solving Murders in Mobile MPD's Homicide Division: It's Not as Easy as the Television Shows Would Have You Believe, Mobile Register (AL), Mar. 2, 2006, at A1.

Sonya Neufeld, Forensics: the Sexy New Career, Cairns Post (Australia), June 18, 2005, at 33.

Sonya Neufeld, Sorting Fact from Fiction, Mercury (Hobart, Australia), June 25, 2005, at B7.

Sonya Neufeld, Students Copy TV’s Forensic Maestros, Courier Mail, June 17, 2005, at 7.

New Forensic Clearinghouse Established, The Prosecutor, Jan./Feb. 2005, at 27, www.ndaa-apri.org/publications/ndaa.

Maggi Newhouse, Real-Life Investigators Indict 'CSI' for Perjury, Pittsburgh Tribune Review, Apr. 13, 2005.

Denise Nix, Lawyers Benefit from TV Image, Daily Breeze, Apr. 17, 2006, at A3.

Not Like on TV, CNN.com, May 9, 2005.

Julie Pace, CSI Effect to Be Discussed at Law, Science Conference, Tampa Tribune, Sept. 12, 2005, at 4.

Cynthia J. Pasquale, Word Watchers Sift Through Constant Shifts in Language, Denver Post, Dec. 29, 2005, at A1.

Penn and Paper, Canberra Times, June 19, 2005.

Charles D. Perry, Take Notes, Hollywood: York County's Forensic Unit is the Real CSI, The Herald (SC), Jan. 22, 2006, at 1A.

Charles Peters, The CSI Effect, Washington Monthly, Sept. 2004.

Sarah Petrescu, This is Not What Real CSIs Look Like, You Know, Toronto Star, Apr. 5, 2005, at C3.

Scott D. Pierce, TV is Entertainment in Spite of Reality Talk, Desert News, Feb. 9, 2003, at C4.

Kimberlianne Podlas, "The CSI Effect": Exposing the Media Myth, 16 Fordham Intell. Prop. Media & Ent. L.J. 429 (Winter 2006) (Fordham Intellectual Property Media and Entertainment Law Journal) law.fordham.edu/publications/index.ihtml?pubid=200.

Amy McFall Prince, DNA Dilemma; Shows Like 'CSI' Spawn Confusion Over Crime Labs' Work, Columbian, Jan. 28, 2006, at D1.

Michael Pritchard, 'CSI Effect' Lifts Burden of Proof for Prosecutors, The Press of Atlantic City, Feb. 27, 2006, at C1.

Prosecutors Feel the ‘CSI Effect’, CBS Evening News, Feb. 10, 2005, www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/02/10/eveningnews/main673060.shtml.

Glenn Puit, Binion Jurors Explain Vote to Acquit, Las Vegas Review-Journal (NV), May 8, 2005, at 1B.

Tim Radford, News Roundup: Science: CSI Turns Up the Heat on Experts, Guardian (UK), February 22, 2005, at 8.

The Real CSI: Investigators’ Jobs Less Glamorous, More Personal, CNN.com, May 15, 2005.

Margaret Reardon, Kevin O'Neil, German Morales and Melissa Cooper, Examining Criminal and Evidence Expectancies with the use of Profile Evidence, Presentation at American Psychology-Law Society, Mar. 4, 2005, St. Petersburg, Florida.

Glenn E. Rice, TV is Making Jurors Suspicious about Evidence: CSI: Courtroom Stalemates Increase, Kansas City Star (MO), Aug. 10, 2005, at A1.

Paul Rincon, CSI Shows give "Unrealistic View," BBC News, Feb. 21, 2005, news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4284335.stm.

Kit R. Roane and Dan Morrison, The CSI Effect, U.S. News & World Report, April 25, 2005, at 48, www.usnews.com/usnews/culture/articles/050425/25csi.htm.

Paul D. Rosevear, Is CSI For Real?, MSN Encarta, Encarta.msn.com/encnet/departments/elearning/?article=csireal>1=6526.

Jennifer Rosinski and David Weber, DAs: "CSI" Effect Spoiling Jurors, Boston Herald, Nov. 12, 2004, at 2.

Wendy Ruderman, TV Fictions Entangle a Courtroom: A Woodbury Murder Trial Raises the Question: Do Juries Expect Too Much from Forensic Science?, Philadelphia Inquirer, May 20, 2005, at B7.

Dave Scheiber, Crossing the Line: Reality Becomes Fiction When a Real-Life Detective, Who Makes His Home in St. Petersburg, Embarks on a New Career Advising the CBS Crime Drama, CSI:Miami, St. Petersburg Times, Jan. 1, 2004, www.sptimes.com/2004/01/01/Floridian/Crossing_the_line.shtml.

Scripps Howard News Service, 'CSI' Fiction, Reality Collide, Newsday, Feb. 22, 2005, at A24.

John Sharp, Beeney Case Shocks Police: East Peoria Police Chief Says TV Crime Shows Are Affecting Real-Life Trials, Peoria (Ill.) Journal Star, June 25, 2005, www.pjstar.com/stories/062505/TRI_B6Q4JRJU.061.shtml.

Zofia Smardz, The Jury’s Out: How 12 Reasonable People Got Hung Up on Reasonable Doubt, Washington Post, June 26, 2005, at B1.

John L. Smith, Evidence Lab Labors in Real World of Biker Gangs, Not "CSI" Fantasy, Las Vegas Review-Journal (NV), Feb. 2, 2005, at 1B.

Sid Smith, Murder, They Wrote: Police TV Shows Are All the Rage, and Here's Why, Chicago Tribune, Feb. 12, 2006, at 1.

John Springer, Millionaire Durst Acquitted of Neighbor’s Murder, CourtTV.com, Nov. 11, 2003, www.courttv.com/trials/durst/verdict_ctv.html.

Jim Starrs, The CSI Effect, AAFS Newsletter, Mar. 2005.

State News in Brief: Lawyers fight 'CSI Effect' on Juries, Myrtle Beach Sun News, at C3, Nov. 24, 2006.

Greg Stearns, CSI Reader Response (letter to the editor), USNews.com, May 16, 2005, www.usnews.com/usnews/letters/articles/050516/16lett.htm.

Correy E. Stephenson, Lawyers Discuss the Experience of Being in the Jury Box, Daily Record (Kansas City, MO), June 14, 2005.

Jim Stingl, In My Opinion: Wanna Be a Coroner? So Do 30 Other Folks, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel (WI), Apr. 29, 2005, at B1.

Jamie Stockwell, 'CSI' Having Effect on Real-Life Court Cases Jurors Reluctant to Convict without Forensic Evidence, Some Prosecutors Say, Charleston Daily Mail (WV), May 30, 2005, at 13A.

Jamie Stockwell, Defense Lawyers Hinge Cases on "CSI" The Washington Post, May 22, 2005.

Jamie Stockwell, Defense, Prosecution Play to New ‘CSI’ Savvy: Juries Are Increasingly Are Expecting TV-Style Forensics, MSNBC.com, May 22, 2005, www.msnbc.com/id/7902971/print/1/displaymode/1098.

Jamie Stockwell, Jurists Expect Real-Life Evidence to match Prime Time TV: Defense Lawyers Now Hinge Cases on CSI-Savvy Juries, Myrtle Beach Sun News, May 23, 2005, at A1, www.myrtlebeachonline.com/mld/myrtlebeachonline.

Jamie Stockwell, More Juries Taking TV to Heart, Houston Chronicle, May 28, 2005, at A2.

Jamie Stockwell, TV Shows Distort Juries’ Expectation of Proof, Some Say, San Jose Mercury News, May 22, 2005.

Dana Sullivan, Get Set for Jurors with CSI IQs, New Jersey Lawyer: The Weekly Newspaper, June 13, 2005, at 1137.

Jim Sullivan, The 'CSI Effect' Gone Wild in Suburbia: Our Appetite for TV Violence Seems to Be Growing: Is It Having an Effect on Crime Rates? , Christian Science Monitor, June 23, 2006, at 9.

Jamal Thalji, Learning a Crime Scene, Bullet by Bullet, St. Petersburg Times, Jan. 30, 2006, at 1.

Andrew P. Thomas, The CSI Effect and Its Real-Life Impact on Justice: A Study by the Maricopa County Attorney's Office, The Prosecutor, Sept./Oct. 2005, at 10.

Toobin: "CSI" Makes Jurors More Demanding: Is Popular Show Guilty of Influencing U.S. Courtrooms?, CNN.com.

Ed Treleven, 'The CSI Effect' on Real Juries Some Jurors are Expecting to See in the Courtroom What They See on TV, Wisconsin State Journal, June 19, 2005, at A1.

Tom R. Tyler, Viewing CSI and the Threshold of Guilt: Managing Truth and Justice in Reality and Fiction, 115 Yale L.J. 1050 (Mar. 2006) (Yale Law Journal). www.yalelawjournal.org/archive_abstract.asp?id=529

Voir Dire: Beware the CSI Effect, The National Law Journal, Aug. 2, 2004, at 13.

Eric Volante and Kim Smith, ‘CSI Effect’ Impacts Justice in Tuscon, Arizona Daily Star, May 8, 2005, at A1, www.dailystar.com/dailystar/dailystar/74101.php.

John von Radowitz, TV Crime Series 'Putting Forensic Labs Under Pressure', PA News, Feb. 21, 2005.

Jim Walsh, County Attorney Says TV Tainting Viewers, Jurors on Forensic Evidence, The Arizona Republic, B1, July 1, 2005.

Michael J. Watkins, Forensics in the Media: Have Attorneys Reacted to the Growing Popularity of Forensic Crime Dramas?, independently published student paper at www.coolings.net/education/papers/Capstone-Electronic.pdf.

Rick Weiss, ‘CSI Effect’ Vexes Real Sleuths, Washington Post, Feb. 21, 2005.

Rick Weiss, Forensic Science Perfect? Only on TV 'CSI' Raises Expectations of Prosecutors, Journal-Gazette, Feb. 28, 2005, at 8.

Why the Little Things Do Matter, Canberra Times, June 20, 2005.

John K. Wiley, WSP's Forensic Backlog, Columbian, June 26, 2006, at C2.

Richard Willing, "CSI Effect" Has Juries Wanting More Evidence, USA Today at 1A, August 25, 2004, www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2004-08-05-csi-effect_x.htm.

Richard Winton, District Attorney Calls Blake Jury 'Stupid', Los Angeles Times, Mar. 24, 2005.

Tim Zatzariny, Jr., Time the Enemy in Old Case, Courier-Post, May 22, 2005, at B1.

FAME Bibliography (8/11/05)

2009-07-03 15:10:26

FAME (Florida Association of Medical Examiners) 2005 Conference Bibliography

Prepared by Catherine Guthrie, Law & Science Fellow NCSTL

CASES

Bevil v. State, 875 So. 2d 1265 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

Bryant v. State, 810 So. 2d 532 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

Com. v. Serge, No. 01-CR-260, 2001 WL 34058294 (Sept. 14, 2001)

Dolan v. State, 743 So. 2d 544 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

Frye v. U.S., 293 F. 1013 (D.C Cir. 1923)

Gelsthorpe v. Weinstein, 897 So. 2d 504 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

Kennedy v. State, 853 So. 2d 571 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

Khawar v. Globe Int’l., Inc., 54 Cal. Rptr. 2d 92 (Cal. Ct. App. 1996), rev. granted and opinion superseded, 923 P.2d 766 (Cal. 1996)

People v. Wright, No. 179564, 1999 WL 33446496 (Mich. Ct. App. Apr. 23, 1999), remanded by 461 Mich. 906 (Mich. 1999), vacated and remanded in part and denied in part, 463 Mich. 993 (Mich. 2001)

People v. Yates, 736 N.Y.S.2d 798 (N.Y. App. Div. 2002)

Pierce v. State, 671 So. 2d 186 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996), quashed on other grounds, 686 So. 2d 572 (Fla.1996), aff’d in part and rev’d in part, 718 So. 2d 806 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1997), overturned in part, 744 So. 2d 1193 (Fla. 4th DCA 1999)

Ramirez v. State, 810 So. 2d 836 (Fla. 2001)

Spann v. State, 857 So. 2d 845, (Fla. 2003)

State v. DiGuilio, 491 So. 2d 1129 (Fla.1986)

State v. Sipin, 106 P.3d 277 (Wash. Ct. App. 2005)

State v. Swinton, 847 A.2d 921 (Conn. 2004)

Stokes v. State, 548 So.2d 188 (Fla. 1989)

Turner v. Williams, 762 N.E.2d 70 (Ill. Ct. App. 2001)

LEGAL PUBLICATIONS

American Jurisprudence, Second Edition, Evidence, Volume 29A, § 978 (updated May 2005)

Brian Barakat and Bronwyn Miller, Authentication of Digital Photographs under the “Pictorial Testimony” Theory: A Response to Critics, Florida Bar Journal, Page 38, (July/August 2004)

Laura Wilkinson Smalley, Establishing Foundation to Admit Computer-Generated Evidence as Demonstrative or Substantive Evidence, American Jurisprudence Proof of Facts, Third Edition, Volume 57, Page 455 (updated June 2005)

Michael Cherry, Informal Opinion: Reasons to Challenge Digital Evidence and Electronic Photography, Champion, Volume 27, Page 42 (July 2003)

Ray Taylor, Robert Bux and Douglas Kirk, Forensic Pathology in Homicide Cases, American Jurisprudence, Trials, Volume 40, Page 501 (updated June 2005)

Rule 901: Requirement of Authentication or Identification, Federal Rules of Evidence (January 2, 1975)

SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

Andy Coghlan, Infant Deaths: Justice for the Innocents, New Scientist, Issue 2510 (July 30, 2005)

Daniela Marchetti, Tommaso Tartaglione, Giancarlo Mattiu, Ennio Giovine, and Angelo Fiori, Reconstruction of the Angle of Shot by Using Computed Radiography of the Head, American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Volume 24, Issue 2, Page 155 (June 2003)

Christian Jackowski, Stephan Dirnhofer, Michael Thali, Emin Aghayev, Richard Dirnhofer, and Martin Sonnenschien, Postmortem Diagnostics Using MSCT and MRI of a Lethal Streptococcus Group A Infection at Infancy: Case Report, Forensic Science International, Volume 151, Issue 2-3, Page 157 (July 2005)

Christian Jackowski, Wolf Schweitzer, Michael Thali, Kathrin Yen, Emin Aghayev, Martin Sonnenschein, Peter Vock, and Richard Dirnhofer, Virtopsy: Postmortem Imaging of the Human Heart In Situ Using MSCT and MRI, Forensic Science International, Volume 149, Issue 1, Page 11 (April 2005)

Jack March, Damian Schofield, Martin Evison, and Noel Woodford, Three-Dimensional Computer Visualization of Forensic Pathology Data, American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Volume 25, Issue 1, Page 60 (March 2004)

J. Turow, The Answers Are Always in the Body: Forensic Pathology in US Crime Programmes, Lancet, Volume 364, Supplement 1, Page s54 (December 2004)

Mark S. Dolz, S.J. Cina and R. Smith, Stereolithography: A Potential New Tool in Forensic Medicine, American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Volume 2, Issue 1, Page 119 (June 2000)

Michael J. Thali, Marcel Braun, Joachim Wirth, Peter Vock, and Richard Dirnhofer, 3D Surface and Body Documentation in Forensic Medicine: 3-D/CAD Photogrammetry Merged with 3D Radiological Scanning, Journal of Forensic Sciences, Volume 48, Issue 6, Page 1356 (November 2003)

Michael J. Thali, Kathrin Yen, Thomas Plattner, Wolf Schweitzer, Peter Vock, Christoph Ozdoba, and Richard Dirnhofer, Charred Body: Virtual Autopsy with Multi-slice Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Journal of Forensic Sciences, Volume 47, Issue 6, Page 1326 (November 2002)

Michael J. Thali, Ulrike Taubenreuther, Marek Karolczak, Marcel Braun, Walter Brueschweiler, Willi A. Kalender, and Richard Dirnhofer, Forensic Microradiology: Micro-computed Tomography (Micro-CT) and Analysis of Patterned Injuries Inside of Bone, Journal of Forensic Sciences, Volume 48, Issue 6, Page 1336 (November 2003)

Michael J. Thali, B.P. Kneubuehl, P. Vock, G. Allmen, and R. Dirnhofer, High-Speed Documented Experimental Gunshot to a Skull-Brain Model and Radiologic Virtual Autopsy, American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Volume 23, Issue 3, Page 223 (September 2002)

Michael J. Thali , R. Dirnhofer, R. Becker, W. Oliver, and K. Potter, Is 'Virtual Histology' the Next Step after the 'Virtual Autopsy'? Magnetic Resonance Microscopy in Forensic Medicine, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Volume 22, Issue 8, Page 1131 (October 2004)

Michael J. Thali, W. Schweitzer, K Yen, P. Vock, C. Ozdoba, E. Spielvogel, and R. Dirnhofer, New Horizons in Forensic Radiology: The 60-Second Digital Autopsy: Full-Body Examination of a Gunshot Victim by Multislice Computed Tomography, American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Volume 24, Issue 1, Page 22 (March 2003)

Michael J. Thali, Kathrin Yen, Wolf Schweitzer, Peter Vock, Chris Boesch, Christoph Ozdoba, Gerhard Schroth, Michael Ith, Martin Sonnenschein, Tanja Doernhoefer, Eva Scheurer, Thomas Plattner, and Richard Dirnhofer, Virtopsy - A New Imaging Horizon in Forensic Pathology: Virtual Autopsy by Postmortem Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - A Feasibility Study, Journal of Forensic Sciences, Volume 48, Issue 2, Page 386 (March 2003)

Michael J. Thali, Emin Aghayev, Christian Jackowski, Martin Sonnenschein, Kathrin Yen, Peter Vock, and Richard Dirnhofer, Virtopsy - Fatal Motor Vehicle Accident with Head Injury, Journal of Forensic Sciences, Volume 49, Issue 4, Page 809 (July 2004)

Michael J. Thali, Kathrin Yen, Peter Vock, Barbara Tiefenthaler, Gerhard Ranner, Eva Scheurer, Michael J. Thali, Karin Zwygart, Martin Sonnenschein, Marco Wiltgen, and Richard Dirnhofer, Virtopsy - Forensic Traumatology of the Subcutaneous Fatty Tissue; Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as Diagnostic Tools, Journal of Forensic Sciences, Volume 49, Issue 4, Page 799 (July 2004)

Michael J. Thali, K. Yen, M. Sonnenschein, C. Stoupis, P. Vock, K. Zwygart-Brugger, T. Kilchor, and R. Dirnhofer, Virtopsy: Postmortem Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in a Fatal Scuba Diving Incident, Journal of Forensic Sciences, Volume 48, Issue 6, Page 1347 (November 2003)

M.J. Saks, D.M. Risinger, R. Rosenthal, and W.C. Thompson, Context Effects in Forensic Science: A Review and Application of the Science of Science to Crime Laboratory Practice in the United States, Science & Justice, Volume 43, Issue 2, Page 77 (2003)

OTHER

Catherine Nangini, Virtual Autopsy May Be Next Innovation in Forensic Field; Medical Imaging Useful in Solving Crime, but Cost, Training Debated, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Page B1 (August 23, 2003) Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Doug Dusik and Maureen Morley, Forensic Radiology Makes Virtual Autopsy a Reality, Radiological Society of North America Press Release (December 3, 2003) Radiological Society of North America Press Release

Elaine Whitfield Sharpe, The Elephant on the Moon, The Warrior, Page 28 (Fall 2003) The Elephant on the Moon

Rebecca Levy-Sachs & Melissa Sullivan, Using Digital Photographs in the Courtroom - Considerations for Admissibility, Security Management, (August 2004) Using Digital Photographs

Sarah Graham, Autopsies, No Scalpel Required, Scientific American (December 3, 2003)Scientific American

New Technology and Legal Challenges that Affect 21st Century Death Investigation PPT from 32nd Annual Florida Medical Examiners Educational Conference.

Forensic Entomology (4/12/05)

2009-07-03 15:19:16

Jason Byrd, Ph.D., Office of the Medical Examiner in Daytona Beach, Florida, was a guest lecturer at Professor Henderson's Scientific Evidence Workshop. Dr. Byrd presented "Entomology" on April 12, 2005.

Toolmarks (4/5/05)

2009-07-03 15:19:39

John Murdock MC - ATF Forensic Crime Lab in Walnut Creek, California, was a guest lecturer at Professor Henderson's Scientific Evidence Workshop.
He presented Toolmarks on April 5, 2005.

HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN KOSOVO (2/12/04)

2009-08-10 17:48:39

The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
Presents

DR. HELENA RANTA
Forensic Investigations of Human Rights Violations in Kosovo

Thursday, February, 12, 2004
Stetson University College of Law, Classroom A, 1401 61st Street South, Gulfport, FL

Dr. Helena Ranta is the Coordinator, Disaster Victim Identification and International Missions, and Forensic Odontologist, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki.

Dr. Ranta is internationally known for her human rights work. She has been interviewed worldwide. She testified at the trial of former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic at the United Nations War Crimes Tribunal in the Hague. Dr. Ranta and her missions have been the subject of BBC documentaries.

Her international missions include:

Project Manager for the Finnish Forensic Expert Team (Srebrenica and Tuzla, BiH) under the mandate of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Forensic Odontologist for the Repatriation of Finnish Soldiers killed in action during WW2 in the USSR, Finnish Ministry of Education
Team Leader for the European Union Forensic Expert Team (Kosovo), Chief Investigator of Klecka, Racak and Volujak
Forensic Expert, Federation Internationale des Ligues des Droits de l’Homme (FIDH), Cameroon
Senior Advisor to President Ahtisaari, Jenin Fact–Finding Team, United Nations Secretary–General
Team Leader, Finnish Forensic Expert Team, The Peruvian Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Lima, Ayacucho, Totos, Peru
Forensic Odontologist, Member of the Identification Commission of the m/s Estonia ferry disaster

Dr. Ranta graduated with a Doctor of Dental Science in 1972 and a PhD Degree in 1978 from the University of Helsinki. She has published over 60 articles on molecular biology, microbiology and electron microscopy, forensic medicine, forensic odontology and international humanitarian law. She is a Board member of the Finnish League for Human Rights and a member of the Advisory Board for International Human Rights Affairs to the Finnish Government.

ADVANCES IN FORENSIC SCIENCE (3/15/04)

2009-08-10 18:06:47

The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
Presents

DR. HENRY C. LEE
New Advances in Forensic Science

Webcast and Archived Audio

March 15, 2004
Stetson University College of Law, The Great Hall, 1401 61st Street South, Gulfport, FL

Dr. Henry C. Lee is one of the world’s foremost forensic scientists. He has been a prominent player in many of the most challenging cases of the last forty years. Dr. Lee’s testimony figured prominently in the O. J. Simpson trial, and in convictions of the “Woodchipper” murderer as well as hundreds of other murder cases. He has assisted local and state police in their investigations of other famous crimes, such as the murder of JonBenet Ramsey in Boulder, Colorado, the 1993 suicide of White House Counsel Vincent Foster, and the reinvestigation of the Kennedy assassination. He has worked with law enforcement agencies to help solve more than 6000 cases. In recent years, his travels have taken him to England, Bosnia, China, Brunei, and other locations around the world.

Dr. Lee is currently the Chief Emeritus for the Connecticut Department of Public Safety. He was the Commissioner of Public Safety for the State of Connecticut for over two years and served as the Chief Criminalist from 1979 to 2000. Dr. Lee was the driving force in establishing a modern State Police Forensic Science Laboratory in Connecticut.

In 1975, Dr. Lee joined the University of New Haven, where he created the school’s Forensic Sciences program. He has also taught as a professor at more than a dozen universities, law schools, and medical schools. Dr. Lee lectures throughout the country and world to police, universities and civic organizations. Dr. Lee has authored hundreds of articles in professional journals and has co-authored more than twenty–five textbooks on topics such as DNA, fingerprints, trace evidence, crime scene investigation and crime scene reconstruction.

Dr. Lee has been the recipient of numerous medals and awards, including the 1996 Medal of Justice from the Justice Foundation, and the 1998 Lifetime Achievement Award from the Science and Engineering Association. He has also been the recipient of the Distinguished Criminalist Award from the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, the J. Donero Award from the International Association of Identification, and in 1992 was elected a Distinguished Fellow of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

Dr. Lee was born in China and grew up in Taiwan. Dr. Lee first worked for the Taipei Police Department, attaining the rank of Captain. With his wife, Margaret, Dr. Lee came to the United States in 1965, and he earned his B.S. in Forensic Science from John Jay College in 1972. Dr. Lee continued his studies in biochemistry at NYU where he earned his Masters Degree in 1974 and Ph.D. in 1975. He has also received special training from the FBI Academy, ATF, RCMP, and other organizations. He is the recipient of five honorary Doctorate Degrees in recognition of his contributions to law and science.

NCSTL Conference - September, 2005

2009-07-03 15:08:36

A CD of the conference presentations from the National Conference on Science, Technology and the Law held on September 16-18, 2005 is available. Please contact NCSTL for more information: watson@law.stetson.edu. Video footage coming soon.

Coming soon ... see Specialized Bibliographies and Resources for bibliography of the 2005 National Conference for Science, Technology and the Law.

DNA Evidence and Human Rights (1/23/06)

2009-08-11 11:23:52

The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
and the Office of International Programs
Presents

MARIA CORAZON A. DE UNGRIA, PhD and CHRIS ASPLEN, J.D.
The Impact of DNA Evidence In Addressing Human Rights Issues in the Philippines and Other Uses of DNA Worldwide

January 23, 2006
Stetson University College of Law, The Great Hall, 1401 61st Street South, Gulfport, FL

Dr. Maria Corazon A. De Ungria is currently Head of the DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute at the University of the Philippines. The DNA Analysis Laboratory is promoting the development of forensic DNA technology in the Philippines through research and the conduct of DNA testing in actual cases. In 2005, the laboratory’s project ‘Research, Training and Extension Service for forensic DNA Testing in the Philippines’ which was funded from 2001-2004 under the Human Rights and Democracy in Asia Budget of the European Commission was selected as ‘Best Practice’.

One major objective of the project was to study the feasibility of post-Conviction DNA tests in the Philippines. In 2004, the laboratory‘proposal ‘Incorporating DNA Evidence in The Resolution of Sexual Assault Cases in the Philippines’ was selected for funding by the World Bank in its program ‘Development Innovate Marketplace: Making Services Work for the Poor’ from over 1800 proposals nationwide.

Dr. De Ungria’s work was recognized by the National Academy of Science and Technology by selecting her as one of the Outstanding Young Scientists (OYS) in 2003. In 2005, Dr. De Ungria was awarded the Gerry Roxas Leadership award and named as one of The Outstanding Young Men (TOYM) by the Philippine Jaycees Inc.

Mr. Chris Asplen joined the law firm of Smith Alling Lane in 2002. A former Assistant United States Attorney in Washington DC, Mr. Asplen was appointed the Executive Director of the United States Attorney General’s National Commission on the Future of DNA Evidence in 1998. Its mission was to maximize the value of DNA in the criminal justice system.

As Executive Director of the Commission, Mr. Asplen worked closely with both Attorney Generals Reno and Ashcroft to develop DNA policy for the Department of Justice. He testified before Congress to help appropriate over $160 million for forensic DNA testing. He has also testified before numerous state and city legislative bodies and presented at over 100 national and international conferences. He has appeared on various national and international news and information broadcasts such as CNN and 60 Minutes.

Mr. Asplen also has extensive experience training law enforcement investigators and prosecutors about DNA. Prior to joining the United States Attorney’s Office, he was the Director of the DNA unit of the National District Attorney’s Association where he trained prosecutors and law enforcement officers on the effective use of DNA technology to solve and prosecute crimes.

In August 2001, he received the United States Attorney General’s Award for Outstanding Contributions to Public Safety.

FORENSIC MEDICINE ODYSSEY (2/11/04)

2009-08-10 17:37:13

The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
Presents

DR. CYRIL WECHT
Forensic Medicine Odyssey: From Kennedy Assassination to
Scott Peterson Case

February 11, 2005
Stetson University College of Law, The Great Hall, 1401 61st Street South, Gulfport, FL

Cyril H. Wecht received his M.D. degree from the University of Pittsburgh, and his J.D. degree from the University of Maryland. He is certified by the American Board of Pathology in anatomic, clinical, and forensic pathology, and is a Fellow of the College of American Pathologists and the American Society of Clinical Pathologists and the National Association of Medical Examiners. Dr. Wecht was formerly the Chairman of the Department of Pathology and President of the Medical Staff at St. Francis Central Hospital in Pittsburgh, and is actively involved as a medical-legal and forensic science consultant, author, and lecturer. He also serves as the elected Coroner of Allegheny County (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania).

Dr. Wecht has appeared as a frequent guest on numerous national TV and radio shows, discussing various medicolegal and forensic scientific subjects, including medical malpractice; alcohol and drug abuse; assassinations of President John F. Kennedy, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, and Reverend Martin Luther King; death of Elvis Presley; Sheppard case; O.J. Simpson case; JonBenet Ramsey case; Diallo case; Chandra Levy death investigation; and Laci Peterson homicide. These cases, as well as those involving Mary Jo Kopechne, Sunny von Bulow, Jean Harris, Dr. Jeffrey McDonald, the Waco Branch Davidian fire, Vincent Foster, and many others, are discussed from the perspective of Dr. Wecht’s own professional involvement, in his books, Cause of Death, Grave Secrets, Who Killed JonBenet Ramsey? and Mortal Evidence.

Dr. Wecht has organized and conducted Postgraduate Medical-Legal Seminars in more than 50 countries throughout the world in his capacity as Director of the Pittsburgh Institute of Legal Medicine. He has personally performed approximately 15,000 autopsies, and has supervised, reviewed, or been consulted on approximately 35,000 additional post-mortem examinations, including cases in several foreign countries. Dr Wecht has testified in more than 1,000 civil, criminal, and workers compensation cases in state and federal courts in more than 30 states and several foreign countries.

He is the author of more than 475 professional publications, an editorial board member of 18 national and international medical-legal and forensic scientific publications, and editor of 35 books, including a 5 volume set, FORENSIC SCIENCES (Matthew Bender), and two 3 volume sets, Handling Soft Tissue Injury Cases and Preparing and Winning Medical Negligence Cases (both published by Michie).

He is a Clinical Professor at the University of Pittsburgh Schools of Medicine, Dental Medicine, and Graduate School of Public Health, an Adjunct Professor at Duquesne University Schools of Law, Pharmacy, and Health Sciences, a Distinguished Professor at Carlow College and Chairman of the Advisory Board of the Cyril H. Wecht Institute of Forensic Science and Law at Duquesne University School of Law. He has served as President of the American College of Legal Medicine and the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, and also as Chairman of both the Board of Trustees of the American Board of Legal Medicine and the American College of Legal Medicine Foundation.

Terrorists, Hurricanes and Viruses (3/13/06)

2009-08-11 11:26:21

The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
Presents

JAMES G. YOUNG, MD
Terrorists, Hurricanes and Viruses: What's Next?

March 13, 2006
Stetson University College of Law, The Great Hall, 1401 61st Street South, Gulfport, FL

Dr. James G. Young has recently been appointed Special Advisor to the Minister, Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness for the Government of Canada. At one point during his tenure with the Province of Ontario, Dr. James Young held three concurrent positions. He was appointed Chief Coroner and General Inspector of Anatomy for the province of Ontario on March 31, 1990. On June 1, 1994, he was assigned the position of Assistant Deputy Minister, Public Safety Division, Ministry of the Solicitor General and Correctional Services (as of April 15, 2002, the ministry's name was changed to the Ministry of Public Safety and Security). Most recently on June 26, 2002, Dr. Young was appointed Ontario's first Commissioner of Public Security.

Dr. Young is responsible for maintaining and enhancing physical and economic security in Ontario by working with a number of diverse partners and stakeholders located both within and outside the province. The Assistant Deputy Minister oversees: Emergency Measures Ontario; the Centre of Forensic Sciences; the Office of the Fire Marshal; and the Office of the Chief Coroner. This position is also responsible for administering the Ontario Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act.

From April 1994 to June 1997, he was appointed an Associate Professor in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology at the University of Toronto. Since July 1997, he has held the position of Associate Professor, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology at the University of Toronto. In April 2001, he became an Associate Professor in Forensic Sciences, University of Toronto at Mississauga.

Dr. Young has held prominent positions responding to numerous national and international disasters and emergency situations. On April 20 2002, he supervised the autopsies of four Canadian soldiers killed in Afghanistan under friendly fire by the United States. In September 2001, he was appointed Chief Medical, Emergency and Forensic Services Adviser for the Canadian Consulate General. In this capacity, he was responsible for coordinating the efforts to identify 24 Canadians thought to be missing and presumed dead as a result of the terrorist activities which occurred at the World Trade Center in New York City on September 11, 2001.

He held a key role in the province's successful response to the emergency concerning the January 1998 ice storm which devastated eastern Ontario. He was responsible for leading the central operation and communicated the results to the public through the media.

In July 1998, he led a five member international medical team from Great Britain, the United States and Canada to examine the circumstances surrounding the sudden and unexpected death of Chief Moshood Abiola, the elected Nigerian President who was imprisoned before taking office. Chief Abiola, died in jail on July 7th while meeting a group of officials from the United States who were visiting him in custody. Following his death, there was rioting in the streets which resulted in several deaths. The investigation team was established to determine the cause and manner of death and to de-escalate the rising tensions in the country.

In September/October 1998, he provided expert support and guidance to the Chief Medical Examiner of Nova Scotia in managing the entire process required to identify the victims of Swiss Air flight number 111 which crashed into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia on September 2, 1998 killing all 229 people aboard. He coordinated the collection of ante-mortem files, the forensic examination of the remains, and the cross referencing of the information collected so that positive identifications could be made and communicated to the next-of-kin.

Prior to his appointment as Chief Coroner, Dr. Young served as the province's Deputy Chief Coroner for just over two years. In October 1982, Dr. Young was appointed Regional Coroner for Metropolitan Toronto, Ontario's largest regional jurisdiction. In 1985, his duties were broadened as he was appointed the position of Regional Coroner for Central Region. Dr. Young served as an investigative coroner for Simcoe County from 1977 to 1982. During this time he investigated and inquested a wide variety of cases.

Dr. Young has reviewed cases and given expert advice throughout Canada, many states of the United States and several countries including Israel, Japan, New Zealand, Thailand, Bermuda and England. As Chief Coroner, Dr. Young is responsible for overseeing various committees such as: the Anaesthesia Advisory; Geriatric and Long Term Care Review; Maternal Death Review and Paediatric Review Committees.

Currently, he is affiliated with several associations

Vice President and Fellow of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences;
Board Member and Past President of the International Coroners' Association;
Past-President of the Toronto Medico-Legal Society;
Member of the Canadian Association of Chief Coroners and Medical Examiners;
Member of the Ontario Coroners' Association;
Public Representative, Governing Council, The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Ontario;
Member of the Committee on the Mentally Disordered Offender, Ministry of the Solicitor General and Correctional Services;
Member of the Mercury Study Programme Committee (in conjunction with the Federal Government);
Member of the Ministry of Health's Trauma Registry Advisory Committee.

Past affiliations include the following positions

The American Academy of Forensic Sciences: Member of the Ethics Committee; Chair, General Section; Secretary, General Section; Chairperson, General Section Programme, (February 14 - 19, 1993);
Chair, General Section, Membership Criteria Review and Promotions Review Committee; General Section, Membership and Screening Committee;
The International Association of Coroners and Medical Examiners: Chairman, Board of Directors; Past President; and President;
The Toronto Medical Legal Society: President, Advisory Board Member, Second Vice President, Third Vice President; Secretary; Co-Chair, and Member of the Programme Committee;
Member, Special Investigation Unit (SIU) Protocol Committee, Ministry of the Solicitor General and Correctional Services;
Member, Board of Directors, Toronto Safety Council;
Member of the Minister's Committee on Drinking and Driving;
Member on the Inter-ministerial Committee on Child Abuse;
Member of the Labour Management Health and Safety Committee;
Member of the Ministry of Solicitor General's Steering Committee on Access to the Information and Protection of Privacy Act;
Member of the Ontario Medical Association including Member of the Association's Accidental Injuries Committee and
Member of the Hospitals and Rural Farm Safety Committee;
President of the Caduceus Club;
Member of the Paediatric Trauma Committee affiliated with the Hospital for Sick Children;
Member of the Children's Bike Helmet Coalition.

Dr. Young has an outstanding scholastic record. He graduated from the University of Toronto's Faculty of Medicine in 1975. Throughout his eight years of university Dr. Young served on a variety of faculty and student committees and worked for the Globe and Mail as a sports writer. In this capacity, he covered a full range of major sporting events. Upon receiving his medical degree, Dr. Young interned at the Scarborough General Hospital where he obtained extensive training in obstetrics and neurosurgery. He was the Chief Intern and his responsibilities included overseeing a team of twelve interns.

Dr. Young is the recipient of the 2001 Gerber-Buzbee Award presented by the International Association of Coroners and Medical Examiners for outstanding contribution to the Association. He received an Appreciation Award in June 2001 from the Ontario Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (OSPCA). In 2000, Dr. Young received the John R Hunt Award from the General Section of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences for outstanding contribution to forensic sciences. He received two Ontario Government Amethyst Awards for work on the Swiss Air Crash flight 111 (1999) and the 1998 Ice Storm and the Douglas Leer Award presented by the Council on Suicide Prevention of Metropolitan Toronto in recognition for his contribution and assistance into suicide prevention research (1991). Dr. Young has also been very active with the Ministry of Solicitor General's United Way (Chair in 1988 and Co-Chair in 1987) and Federated Health Campaigns (Chair, Special Events 1986).

Throughout his distinguished career as a coroner, Dr. Young has presided over numerous high profile inquests examining a broad spectrum of issues such as: the quality of institutional care; the quality control of medical procedures, devices and equipment including liposuction and blood bags; midwifery and home deliveries; police shootings; deaths in custody; mandatory drug testing in the workplace; the accessibility of illicit drugs to youth in the street; and water safety.

In August 1992, Dr. Young completed a very complex inquest into the death of Jonathan Yeo. The inquest examined bail issues, police investigative procedures, the management and role of the health care system, and the evaluation of psychiatric disorders that relate to violence and the laws and regulations that restrict the transfer of such information to police and custodial officials who are responsible for dealing with these cases.

Dr. Young is a regular lecturer at: the Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto; the Faculty of Medicine at Queen's University at Kingston; the Faculty of Nursing and Department of Funeral Services at Humber College; the Department of Ambulance Services at Centennial College; the Ontario Police College in Alymer; the Ontario Provincial Police Academy in Orillia; CO Bick College (Toronto Police Services Academy); and the Ontario Fire College. Dr. Young lectures extensively to provincial organizations which include: the Law Society of Upper Canada, both at special programmes and at the Bar Admission Course and at the annual Ontario Crown Attorneys School. He also lectures at a wide variety of national and international conferences across Canada and the United States including: the Canadian Academy of Forensic Sciences; the American Academy of Forensic Sciences; the International Association of Coroners; and the FBI. In November 1992, Dr. Young was the keynote speaker concerning medico-legal issues involved with establishing an Organ Donor Programme at the Japanese Ethics Association in Koyota, Japan. He also lectured concerning overcoming medico-legal problems and establishing an Organ Donor Programme at Tokiwa University in Mito, Japan. In 1999, he lectured to the Israeli Police on forensic issues.

Upon graduating medical school and desiring a medical career that would allow him to practice a wide range of medicine Dr. Young moved to Elmvale Ontario where he established and ran an extremely successful and flourishing general practice. His hospital privileges included both the Penetanguishene and Huronia General Hospitals. Dr. Young assumed a variety of administrative responsibilities at the Penetanguishene General Hospital including: President of the medical staff; Chairman of Long Range Planning; Chairman of Admission, Discharge and Utilization; and Head of the Chronic Care Unit.

Throughout his career as a physician and coroner Dr. Young has been a prolific writer. From 1981 to 1984 he was a contributing writer to the Ontario Medical Association. He regularly contributed medical columns on varying topics for publication in weekly newspapers throughout Ontario. He has co-authored many publications including: The Roles of Coroner and Counsel in Coroner's Court; "A Coroner's View Regarding the Right to Die Debate", Suicide in Canada: Inquests do good - not harm; Preventable Pediatric Trauma Deaths in a Metropolitan Region; Accidental deaths in Ontario children: implications for prevention; and Guns and Suicide: Possible Effects of Some Specific Legislation.

DNA EVIDENCE IN PATERNITY CASES (3/06)

2009-07-03 14:41:40

DNA EVIDENCE IN PATERNITY CASES
Maria Corazon A. De Ungria, Ph.D.

DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute
University of the Philippines, Diliman, Q.C. 1101
Email: mcadu@uplink.com.ph

Introduction
Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA testing is the most accurate form of testing to prove paternity or exclude paternity when the identity of the biological father is under dispute. DNA-based paternity testing has been requested to support claims for child support, inheritance, immigration and for peace in the family. More recently, DNA tests had been used to dispute false paternity claims that have already been decided in favor of the child’s mother prior to the submission of DNA evidence in US courts.¹

Traditionally, paternity is determined using one or a combination of any of four procedures namely: 1) a prima facie case where the woman testifies that she had sexual relations with the man; 2) affirmative defenses where the putative father claims he is impotent or that another man had relations with the child’s mother; 3) a presumption of legitimacy if the child was born within a valid marriage; and 4) physical resemblance between an alleged father and the supposed child.². In addition, either party may present results of serological tests, e.g. ABO and MN blood typing to support their respective claims. In Raymund Pe Lim vs Joanna Rose Pe Lim et al³, the Supreme Court recognized the novelty of DNA technology at the time. It stated:

DNA being a relatively new science, it has not yet been accorded official recognition by our courts. Paternity will still have to be resolved by such conventional evidence as the relevant incriminating acts, verbal and written, by the putative father. In more recent years, the use of selected DNA markers has become the procedure of choice over blood typing because of the increased level of polymorphism and the less susceptibility of DNA molecules to degradation compared to proteins. The molecular stability of DNA is particularly important when dealing with environmentally challenged samples, e.g. exhumed bones and degraded tissues. Of the different methods of DNA analysis, STR (Short Tandem Repeat) typing is currently the most widely used because this method allows unambiguous scoring of DNA profiles, rapid processing and analysis⁴. This paper reports the background behind STR based testing and the use of this type of DNA evidence to evaluate disputed parentage issues in Philippine courts.

Admissibility of DNA Evidence in Philippine Courts
The Supreme Court first recognized to the existence and availability of DNA technology in resolving disputed parentage cases in Tijing v Diamante et al⁵. In this case, the couple Tijing and a Mrs. Angelita Diamante, simultaneously claimed to be the parents of a child. Based on other evidence already presented such as information on the child’s birth and the apparent inability of the respondent Diamante to bear a child, the Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the Regional Trial Court and reversed the ruling of the Court of Appeals by granting custody of the child to Edgardo A. Tijing and Bienvenida R. Tijing. In addition, the Supreme Court included the option of DNA testing if the respondent Diamante chooses to further her appeal for the custody of the child. In the decision, it stated:

Parentage will still be resolved using conventional methods unless we adopt the modern and scientific ways available. Fortunately, we have now the facility and expertise in using DNA test for identification and parentage testing. The University of the Philippines Natural Sciences Research Institute (UP-NSRI) DNA Analysis Laboratory has now the capability to conduct DNA typing using short tandem repeat (STR) analysis. ...For it was said that courts should apply the results of science when completely obtained in aid of situations presented, since to reject said result is to deny progress. Though it is not necessary in this case to resort to DNA testing, in (the) future it would be useful to all concerned in the prompt resolution of parentage and identity issues. However, it is in the landmark case of People v Vallejo⁶ where the Supreme Court first admitted DNA evidence previously presented at trial. Vallejo was convicted of raping and later killing a 9-year old child. The analysis used did not employ the basic principles of parentage testing as DNA extracted from crime scene evidence was directly compared to the DNA of a known suspect (direct matching). In Vallejo, DNA obtained from vaginal swabs taken from the child was found to be consistent with that of the accused. Although statistical evaluation of the weight of matching DNA evidence, e.g. random match probability value that provides a certain measure of the strength of the DNA match over random chance, was not reported, the Supreme Court admitted the DNA evidence and subsequently used it together with other evidence to convict the accused. This decision paved the way for the general admissibility of DNA evidence in Philippine courts although the relevancy and the integrity of data generated must be studied on a case by case basis. In the decision, the Supreme Court laid down the essential admissibility requirements that must be established to render DNA evidence admissible:

In assessing the probative value of DNA evidence, therefore the courts should consider, among other things, the following data: how samples were collected, how they were handled, the possibility of contamination of samples, whether proper standards and procedures were followed in conducting the tests, and the qualification of the analyst who conducted the tests. It was the case People v Yatar⁷ where the Supreme Court admitted DNA evidence in parentage cases, albeit the use of this type of analysis was not immediately evident. People v Yatar is a rape-homicide case wherein biological samples collected from the body of the 16-year old victim were kept for two years prior to the conduct of DNA tests. To generate the DNA profile of the victim, bloodstains on her clothing that were found at the crime scene were submitted for laboratory testing. In addition, a reverse paternity DNA test was performed using reference samples collected from her parents to verify that the DNA profile generated from the bloodstain was that of the victim and not due to contamination because of prolonged storage. Knowledge of the correct DNA profile of the victim was essential because the vaginal swab collected from her were composed of more than one DNA profile. Hence generation of a reference victim’s DNA profile facilitated the identification of the non-victim DNA on the vaginal swab which is that of the perpetrator, provided the evidence was properly handled and not contaminated. Moreover, the victim’s DNA profile confirmed that the slides containing the vaginal smear stored at room temperature in the local hospital were part of the set of evidence relevant to the case. The Supreme Court admitted the procedures and the interpretation of DNA evidence presented at the Regional Trial Court, and highlighted the utility of DNA evidence, when properly collected, handled and stored, to assist in the prompt and fair resolution of cases:

Daubert v Merrell Dow

Although the resolution of questioned paternity is normally a civil issue, it may also play an important role in criminal cases such as those involving rape when the victim also claims that the accused is the father of her child born out of the rape (criminal paternity). The first such case where DNA evidence was used was People v Paras⁸ where blood typing and DNA profiling results conclusively excluded the accused from being the father of the victim’s child. To the trial court, the date of the last incidence of rape stated by the victim is important since the child was born 10 months after the said date. According to the trial court, “these facts would be in violation of the rule of nature.”⁹ This situation was further reinforced by the results derived from DNA analysis.

In People v De Villa¹⁰, the Supreme Court was less open to the use of DNA evidence in a criminal paternity case at the post-affirmation stage.

In People v De Villa¹¹, the accused was convicted of raping his 13-year old niece by affinity which led to the birth of a child. Upon review, the Supreme Court changed the sentence to reclusion perpetua because of the failure to include relationship in the information and ordered the accused-appellant De Villa to pay for civil indemnity, moral damages, cost of the suits and the support of the child¹². In 2003, the family of the accused-appellant managed to get biological samples from the victim’s child and De Villa and submitted these samples for DNA-based paternity testing. Results of the DNA tests excluded the accused from being the biological father of the child. The counsel of the accused then filed a motion for habeas corpus and petition to re-open the case for the presentation of new evidence with the Supreme Court. In reply, the Supreme Court issued a Resolution advising defense counsel to write a Memorandum on the case. During the preparation of the said Memorandum, the defense counsel asked Mr. Christopher Asplen, former Executive Director of the US National Commission on DNA Evidence, to write a commentary that detailed developments in the use of post-conviction DNA testing in the US, UK and elsewhere. In addition, Mr. Asplen, who has extensive experience in Post-Conviction DNA tests in the US, reviewed the entire Memorandum, particularly on the issue of whether or not the DNA paternity test in petitioner’s case would be exonerative, prior to its submission to the Supreme Court. It stated¹³:

People v De Villa

In the response to the petition for habeas corpus, the Supreme Court wrote¹⁴:

People v Alberio

This decision continues to be discussed in many legal circles, locally and internationally¹⁵.

In People v Paras and People v De Villa, the DNA evidence provided, conclusively excluded the accused from being the biological father of the child (paternity exclusion). The alternate scenario is when an alleged father is not excluded (paternity inclusion) and the weight of matching DNA evidence needs to be evaluated using the appropriate statistical analysis and population database¹⁶. In Herrera v Alba et al.¹⁷ the Supreme Court provided a practical formula to resolve issues related to judicial interpretation of matching DNA evidence in disputed parentage cases. The decision stated:

¹⁸

Basic Principles of DNA testing
DNA typing is based on the uniqueness of the overall genetic make-up of an individual, except identical twins¹⁹. Basic to the understanding of the complexity of DNA typing is the concept of the cell. A cell is the building unit of an organism made up of its component parts, which includes the nucleus that functions as the cell’s command center, and several hundreds and thousands of mitochondria that functions as the powerhouse of the cell. DNA resides in both the nucleus (nuclear DNA) and the mitochondria (mitochondrial DNA).

The nucleus houses the DNA that codes for genetic information responsible for most cellular processes. Several DNA molecules comprise genes which in turn are located in minute bodies called chromosomes. In humans, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes within a cell thus making up a total of 46 chromosomes (22 pairs of autosomal chromosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes). Sex chromosomes define the sex of a person: XX for females and XY for males. Some chromosomal regions contain repeating units of the same type of DNA molecule. One group of these markers is known as Short Tandem Repeat or STR markers. The number of repeating units in individuals may vary and may be used to identify the source of a biological sample. STR markers included in the tests are selected based on the following criteria: 1) DNA markers are highly polymorphic in a given population; 2) reactions are robust to allow DNA typing of degraded samples; and 3) molecular procedures involved have been validated and optimized²⁰.

DNA typing for paternity is done by first carefully extracting the DNA from the biological samples submitted by the alleged father, child with mother (paternity trio) or in the absence of the mother’s sample (paternity duo). The DNA pattern from the child is analyzed given those of his mother (if available) and alleged father. The DNA type contributed by the child’s real biological father should be observed in the alleged father. Then, the probability that the alleged father is the father of the child is calculated as a ratio between that of the alleged father and any random male in the population. Notably, testing without the mother’s DNA profile (motherless case) was found to be less informative and five times more prone to paternity inclusions when testing seven STR markers than when the maternal DNA profile is made available²¹. The current DNA Laboratory set-up at UP-NSRI uses 13-20 STR analysis which includes the FBI defined Combined DNA Identification System (CODIS) markers for DNA typing. At the UP-NSRI DNA Laboratory, the lack of information brought about the absence of the mother’s DNA profile in motherless cases is minimized by increasing the number of DNA markers of the alleged father and child that are tested to 20 markers compared to the standard 16 markers for paternity trio cases.

A mismatch suggests that the alleged father is excluded as the biological father of the child. In some cases, mutation results in a false mismatch between real fathers and their children²² hence the standards accepted in most laboratories is to require a minimum of two mismatches prior to excluding a man from potentially fathering the child. On the other hand, a match between the DNA profile of the alleged father and the child does not necessarily establish paternity, but may be due to chance matches between totally unrelated individuals. To estimate the likelihood of paternity over nonpaternity, a Probability of Paternity (W) is calculated based on the DNA profile of the father, mother and child. The Supreme Court had prescribed the minimum value of 99.9% for W ²³.

Other types of DNA tests
In some situation, biological sample from the alleged parent may not be available, e.g. the alleged parent is deceased or could not be located. Hence, alternative approaches must be used to resolve civil issues. One such approach is the use of paternally inherited Y chromosomal DNA markers to trace paternal lineages using a Y-chromosome database²⁴. Since this marker is male-specific, an individual’s Y chromosome that he inherited from his father, is passed on to his son and to his son’s son, as well as all the sons of his brother²⁵. Note that by itself the use of Y-chromosomal STR typing is less discriminating than autosomal STR typing. However the combined use of both Y and autosomal markers provide a very powerful tool for male identification. This strategy has been used in the identification of exhumed remains of the child victims of the Paco fire tragedy of 1998 using reference samples provided by their parents²⁶.

In parallel, an individual’s mitochondrial DNA originated entirely from his mother. Hence mitochondrial DNA technology is being used and further developed to assist in more complex cases of identification, e.g. victims of mass disaster tragedies, when no ante-mortem sample is available and reference samples for comparisons are provided by the victim’s mother or other maternal relatives.

Paternity testing in the Philippines
Short Tandem Repeat (STR) technology for performing DNA analysis for forensic purposes is currently being used by four laboratories here in the Philippines namely those of the National Bureau of Investigations (NBI), the Philippine National Police (PNP), St. Lukes Medical Center (SLMC) and the University of the Philippine Natural Sciences Research Institute (UP-NSRI) for criminal and civil cases (www.dnaforensic.org). Of the four laboratories, the NBI, PNP and UP-NSRI accept civil as well as criminal cases, albeit the UP-NSRI laboratory is requested to conduct more DNA tests on civil disputes rather than criminal cases. The SLMC laboratory only accepts tests to resolve civil issues. In addition, the establishment of a Philippine population database is available for statistical evaluation of DNA evidence²⁷. Unfortunately, none of the four Philippine laboratories is accredited by any local or international agency tasked to evaluate whether existing procedures satisfy the Vallejo admissibility standards set down by the Supreme Court²⁸. The UP-NSRI DNA Analysis Laboratory, with funding from the UP Center for Integrative Studies, is currently working on formulating a national strategy for the local accreditation of forensic DNA laboratories in the Philippines to address this issue. Meanwhile in the absence of a local accrediting agency to assist in the evaluation of laboratory standards used to generate DNA results, the gate-keeping task of the Court to admit or not to admit DNA evidence based on its relevance to a specific case, also includes the responsibility to scrutinize the application of the scientific method to ensure an error-free analysis.

Conclusion
With the rapid development of DNA-based paternity testing, it is inevitable that DNA evidence will be used more and more to support or argue against paternity in Courts of Law. Initially, strength of paternity tests lies primarily in its power to exclude the wrong man. However, the rapid development of STR typing technology has also increased its power to identify real fathers thus providing objective evidence for a fair and swift resolution of civil and criminal cases.

Acknowledgments
The author would like to acknowledge Attorney Jose M. Jose for critically reviewing the manuscript; and Attorney Jose Maria A. Ochave for interesting discussions on various topics related to the paper. The author is also grateful to Ms. Miriam M. Dalet and Ms. Minerva S. Sagum for technical assistance during the preparation of the manuscript.

Up

¹www.ejfi.org
²Herrera v Alba et al, GR148220, 15 June 2005
³Raymond Pe Lim v Joanna Pe Lim et al, GR 112229 18 March 1997
⁴ Butler, J. M. (2001). Forensic DNA Typing: Biology and Technology Behind STR Markers (San Diego, Academic Press).
⁵ Tijing v Diamante GR125901, 8 March 2001.
⁶ People v Vallejo GR 144656, 9 May 2004.
⁷People v Yatar GR150224, 19 May 2004.
⁸People v Paras Criminal Case no.85974-85978 5 May 1999.
⁹ Ibid.
¹⁰ People v De Villa GR 124639 February 2001.
¹¹ People v De Villa Criminal Case No. 107520-H 17 October 1995.
¹² Ibid 10.
¹³ Reynaldo De Villa v Director of the New Bilibid Prison GR 158802 11 July 2003.
¹⁴ Re : De Villa v Director New Bilibid Prison GR158802 17 November 2004.
¹⁵ De Ungria, M. C. A., Sagum, M. S., Te, T. O., Diokno, M. S. I., Diokno, J. M. I., and Asplen, C. H. (2005). Post-affirmation DNA test in the Philippines: A Case Study. Paper presented at: 17th Conference of the International Association of Forensic Sciences (Hong Kong, China).
¹⁶ Buckleton, J. S., Triggs, C. M., and Walsh, S. J. (2005). Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation (Boca Raton, CRC Press).
¹⁷ Ibid 2.
¹⁸ Ibid 6.
¹⁹ Jeffreys, A. J., Wilson, A. V., and Thein, S. L. (1985). Individual-specific fingerprints of human DNA. Nature 316, 76-79.
²⁰ Butler, J. M. (2001). Forensic DNA Typing: Biology and Technology Behind STR Markers (San Diego, Academic Press).
²¹ De Ungria, M. C. A., Frani, A. M., Magno, M. M. F., Tabbada, K. A., Calacal, G. C., Delfin, F. C., and Halos, S. C. (2002). Evaluating DNA tests of motherless cases using a Philippine genetic database. Transfusion 42, 954-957.
²² Mertens, G., Mommers, N., Heylen, H., Gielis, M., Muylle, A., and Vandenberghe, A. (1997). Allele frequencies of nine STR systems in the Flemish population and application in parentage testing. Int J Legal Med 110, 177-180.
²³ Ibid 2.
²⁴ Lessig, R., Willuweit, S., Krawczak, M., Wu, F., Kim, W., Henke, L., Henke, J., Miranda, J., Hidding, M., Benecke, M., et al. (2003). Asian on-line Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database. Legal Medicine (Tokyo) Suppl 1, S160-163.
²⁵ Gusmao, L., Butler, J. M., Carracedo, A., Gill, P., Kayser, M., Mayr, W. R., Morling, N., Prinz, M., Roewer, L., Tyler-Smith, C., and Schneider, P. M. (2005). DNA Commission of the International Society of Forensic Genetics (ISFG): an update of the recommendations on the use of Y-STRs in forensic analysis. Int J Legal Med.
²⁶ Calacal, G. C., Delfin, F. C., Tan, M. M., Roewer, L., Magtanong, D. L., Lara, M., Fortun, R. R., and De Ungria, M. C. A. (2005). Identification of exhumed remains of fire tragedy victims using conventional methods and autosomal/Y-STR DNA profiling. Am J Forens Pathol Med 26, 285-291.
²⁷ De Ungria, M. C. A., Roby, R. K., Tabbada, K. A., Rao-Coticone, S., Tan, M. M., and Hernandez, K. N. (2005). Allele frequencies of 19 STR loci in a Philippine population generated using AmpFlSTR multiplex and ALF singleplex systems. Forensic Science International 152, 281-284.
²⁸ Ibid 6.

Resources for Teachers (5/06)

2009-07-03 14:40:26

Forensic Science Educators

Forensic resources for secondary school teachers

Forensic teacher resources--camps, classroom aids

Forensic Science Resources for Teachers

Finding Forensic Resources on the Web (article 12/06)

2009-07-03 14:34:56

Forensic Resources on the Web
by Diana Botluk and Elizabeth Fitterman
National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
at Stetson University College of Law
Researchers generally turn to the Internet in their quests for information, and those researching forensic topics are no exception. Some interesting and useful sources for forensic related research can be found online. This article will describe some of the best resources for forensic researchers.

General Forensic Resources
Finding Forensic-Related Articles
Forensic Associations
Web Resources Related to Specific Forensic Topics

General Forensic Resources

The National Institute of Justice's Forensic Sciences web pages (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/forensics) provide the full text of many NIJ publications related to forensic sciences, as well as descriptions of related NIJ programs and funding sources. One of the essential works for forensics is the FBI's Handbook of Forensic Services, the text of which can be found online at the FBI website (http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/handbook/intro.htm). It provides "guidance and procedures for safe and efficient methods of collecting, preserving, packaging, and shipping evidence" and describes "the forensic examinations performed by the FBI's Laboratory Division and Investigative Technology Division." This online version is divided into four major sections: Introduction, Evidence Examinations, Crime-Scene Search, and Crime-Scene Safety. The Handbook is also available in print from the FBI.

While the full text of the Handbook of Forensic Services is available online for free, it is generally true that the full texts of most books are not readily accessible online. However, a database of books from FORENSICnetBASE/LawENFORCEMENTnetBASE (http://www.forensicnetbase.com) provides the texts of dozens of forensic science and criminal justice books that are available in full text on the website. It is available from CRCnetBASE for an annual subscription fee.

The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law (NCSTL) at Stetson University College of Law provides a website (http://ncstl.org) that brings a wide variety of forensic-related information together in one place, freely available to public users. It offers a database of bibliographic information for an assortment of resources, including books, scientific and legal journal articles, newspaper and magazine articles, seminars and conference sessions, dissertations and organizations, to name a few. Books and journals that are indexed in NCSTL's database are available through interlibrary loan from the Stetson Law Library. The Related Links portion of the website provides a directory of hundreds of scientific and law-related links that are useful for forensic researchers. The Education section provides handouts created for professional development presentations by NCSTL staff, as well as transcripts, podcasts and webcasts of lectures on forensic science and technology.

There are several useful forensic-related websites providing either research pathfinders or a categorized directory of web links, or both. Gelman Library's Forensic Sciences pathfinder (http://www.gwu.edu/gelman/guides/sciences/forensics.html) is an excellent resource for those performing research in topics related to forensic sciences. Provided by George Washington University, this site provides information about forensic-related resources in both print and online formats. Additionally, Science and Technology Resources on the Internet (http://www.istl.org/03-spring/internet.html) by science and engineering librarian Cynthia Holt, is an online article from 2003 that describes and links to the best forensic resources on the Internet. Ms. Holt updated this article in her 2005 book, Guide to Information Sources in the Forensic Sciences, published by Libraries Unlimited.

Zeno's Forensic Site (http://forensic.to/forensic.html) is a web directory of hundreds of forensic-related sites on the Internet. The links are topically categorized; however, an interesting feature of the site is that users can rate the links, thus providing useful feedback to future researchers visiting the site. Zeno also provides a page of links to those sites he finds particularly interesting, and provides the opportunity to be informed by e-mail when new links are added. Kruglick's Forensic Resource and Criminal Law Search Site (http://www.bioforensics.com/kruglaw) is a web resource sponsored by Forensic Bioinformatics that lists links to over 1500 sites related to forensics or law. Informational articles on the site include Kim Kruglick's "A Beginner's Primer on the Investigation of Forensic Evidence," Donald E. Riley's "DNA Testing: An Introduction for Non-Scientists - An Illustrated Explanation," Frederic Douglas' "GC/MS Analysis," and Paul C. Giannelli's "Expert Qualifications & Testimony." Forensic researchers can also use Reddy's Forensic Page (http://www.forensicpage.com), which is a web directory of dozens of links related to forensic science and law. It is organized into topical categories.

The library at Johnson & Wales, a member of the Higher Education Library Information Network (HELIN), maintains several sites that describe and link to various - - and often eclectic - - research resources, including public and government criminal justice resources. The Criminal Justice: General Resources webpage (http://library.jwu.edu/research/websites/criminal.htm) points users to gateways, directories, academic sites, clearinghouses, think tanks, and professional associations/organizations. These resources do not include government agencies, which are the resources located and described by the library's Criminal Justice: Official Resources webpage (http://library.jwu.edu/research/websites/criminal_official.htm). This site describes the Internet resources supporting the criminal justice activities of official federal, state and local government agencies. Some of these links provide gateways to government agencies, international organizations, law enforcement directories, clearinghouses, and sites that maintain criminal justice statistical data.

Some unique forensic-related sites can be found online. These include Crime and Clues: The Art and Science of Criminal Investigation (http://www.crimeandclues.com), a site that pulls together articles about various aspects of criminal investigation. It provides links to new articles on its home page, but also has archives of older articles categorized by topics, including different types of scientific evidence, crime scene and death investigation, and testimony and ethics. The links are annotated, giving the reader the time-saving capability of narrowing down what he or she wants to look at before following a link. Additionally, the Forensics & Investigations pages of Court TV's Crime Library: Criminal Minds & Methods (http://www.crimelibrary.com/criminal_mind/forensics/index.html) provide background reports on some of the most notorious or unusual investigations.

To make sure that forensic scientists from various countries are all on the same page, the Multilingua Group within the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes has created a glossary of forensic-related terms that are immediately translated into several European languages (http://www.enfsi.org/standingcommittees/eafs/multilingua).

Keeping up to date in any discipline can be a challenge. The Crime Lab Project Forum (http://crimelabproject.blogspot.com) is a blog that reports on the latest news about crime labs and other forensic-related stories. The webpage-based blog is frequently updated; however, readers who wish to follow the updates can opt to have them delivered to their e-mail addresses by means of a Yahoo! group. Additionally, Daubert Tracker (http://www.dauberttracker.com) is a database that tracks U.S. federal and state court decisions and supporting documents about "evidentiary gatekeeping." It provides a database of all reported decisions and many unreported decisions dating back to 1993. It also fills in any missing information regarding the expert's name, discipline, area of expertise challenged, and results of the challenge. The Daubert Tracker is a fee-based service, with a subscription available.

Finding Forensic-Related Articles

Searching for an article related to forensic science is easy when using Forensic Science Abstracts (http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/506012/description#description). This index can be found in hard copies in many libraries, but is also part of the online collection of database called EMBASE, a biomedical and pharmacological database available from Elsevier (http://www.info.embase.com/embase_suite/about). EMBASE is available for a subscription fee.

The FORS Forensic Bibliographic Database (http://www.forensic.gov.uk/forensic_t/inside/products/fors/fors.htm) indexes articles about drugs and toxicology, forensic biology, DNA, forensic chemistry, forensic medicine and pathology, digital evidence, computer crime, documents and firearms examination, arson investigation, image processing, fingerprints, safety, quality and management aspects of running a forensic science service. It routinely covers 150 worldwide journals, but indexes from over 1900 sources. This index dates back to 1976. FORS is available for a subscription fee.

PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi) is provided for free from the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. It includes over 16 million citations to life science and biomedical articles dating back to the 1950s. It includes links to online sources of the full text of indexed articles, as well as a list of libraries that hold that article.

When searching for dissertations, researchers can use ProQuest Digital Dissertations (http://www.il.proquest.com/products_umi/dissertations), which indexes and abstracts dissertations and theses in all disciplines. Online guest users can search the most recent two years of the index and abstracts database. Full subscribers can access the entire database of over two million records.

The National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS) is sponsored by several offices within the United States Department of Justice and Executive Office of the President. NCJRS provides one of the largest criminal and juvenile justice libraries and databases in the world, the NCJRS Abstracts Database (http://www.ncjrs.gov/library.html). The NCJRS collection contains more than 185,000 publications, reports, articles, and audiovisual products from the United States and around the world. These resources include statistics, research findings, program descriptions, congressional hearing transcripts, and training materials. The collection dates back to the 1970s. The Abstracts Database is available online for free, and links to the full text of documents whenever available.

The database at the National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law (http://ncstl.org) indexes forensic-related articles whose focus is science, technology, law or criminal justice, thus pulling together a variety of forensic-related disciplines into one place. The NCSTL database is available for free, and links to freely available full text of articles where they exist, or the web page where such articles can be purchased if necessary.

Most journal articles can be accessed in full text online for a fee, but there are some journals that provide their full text for free. Some of these are: American Journal of Pathology (from the American Society for Investigative Pathology) (http://ajp.amjpathol.org), Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine (from the College of American Pathologists) (http://arpa.allenpress.com/arpaonline/?request=index-html), Crime Lab Minute (from the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors) (http://www.ascld.org), The Forensic Echo (http://echo.forensicpanel.com), Forensic Magazine (http://www.forensicmag.com), Forensic Nurse archives (http://www.forensicnursemag.com/archives.html), Forensic Science Communications (http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/current/index.htm), INTERfaces (newsletter of the Forensic Science Society) (http://www.forensic-science-society.org.uk/publications/interfaces.html), Journal of Clinical Pathology (http://jcp.bmj.com), Laboratory Investigation (from the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology) (http://www.nature.com/labinvest/index.html), Microgram Journal (http://www.dea.gov/programs/forensicsci/microgram/journals_index.html), NIJ Journal (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/journals/welcome.html), Science & Technology Review (http://www.llnl.gov/str/str.html), and TechBeat (http://www.nlectc.org/techbeat/justnet.html).

Forensic Associations

Most forensic associations and societies maintain an online presence through their websites, which generally provide information about the organizations and their membership. The American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS) (http://www.aafs.org) is a professional society dedicated to the application of science to the law and is "committed to the promotion of education and the elevation of accuracy, precision, and specificity in the forensic sciences." AAFS was founded in 1948 and has nearly 6000 members, including physicians, attorneys, dentists, toxicologists, physical anthropologists, document examiners, psychiatrists, physicists, engineers, criminalists, educators, and others. AAFS publishes the Journal of Forensic Sciences. Current abstracts are available to the public at http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0022-1198, while abstracts for volumes 1- 50 can be found online at http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/jofs_home.html. The AAFS website also provides a wealth of information about education and career planning for forensic scientists, as well as links to other valuable forensic science resources.

The American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors (ASCLD) (http://www.ascld.org) is a nonprofit professional society of crime laboratory directors and forensic science managers. It is "dedicated to providing excellence in forensic science through leadership and innovation." The web site offers information about forensic science education and careers, as well as the society's official newsletter, the Crime Lab Minute, and links to other online articles focusing on forensic science in the news.

The Canadian Society of Forensic Science (CSFS) (http://www.csfs.ca) is a non-profit organization of professionals with an active interest in forensic science. It is open to an international membership, and incorporated to maintain professional standards, and to promote the study and enhance the stature of forensic science. Abstracts of the Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal are available on the CSFS website. Website visitors can link from the home page to the Population Studies Data Centre, which provides raw DNA data and frequency tables from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the Centre of Forensic Sciences in Toronto, Ontario. Visitors can also find information about forensic science education and careers.

Formed in 1915, the International Association for Identification (IAI) (http://www.theiai.org) is the oldest and largest forensic science/forensic identification organization in the world, with over 6400 members from many different forensic disciplines. Its website provides information about the association and its many divisions, publications, and professional opportunities.

Websites of other forensic-related associations or societies include: American Chemical Society (http://www.acs.org), American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors (http://www.ascld.org), American Society of Forensic Odontology (http://www.forensicdentistryonline.org/new_asfo/newasfo.htm), American Society of Questioned Document Examiners (http://www.asqde.org), Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (http://www.afip.org), Association for Crime Scene Reconstruction (http://www.acsr.org), Association of Firearms and Tool Mark Examiners (http://www.afte.org), Association of Forensic DNA Analysts and Administrators (http://www.afdaa.org), Entomological Society of America (http://www.entsoc.org), Evidence Photographers International Council (http://www.epic-photo.org), Forensic Science Society (http://www.forensic-science-society.org.uk), International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts (http://www.iabpa.org), International Association of Crime Analysts (http://www.iaca.net), International Association of Forensic Toxicologists (http://www.tiaft.org), International Institute of Forensic Engineering Sciences (http://www.iifes.org), Microscopy Society of America (http://www.microscopy.org), National Association of Medical Examiners (http://www.thename.org), and Society of Forensic Toxicologists (http://www.soft-tox.org).

Additionally, some scientific working groups or technical working groups related to forensics have their own websites. The Federal Bureau of Investigation has a general website for scientific working groups at http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/july2000/swgroups.htm. Other specific working group sites include: SWGDAM - Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/april2003/swgdambylaws.htm), SWGDE - Scientific Working Group on Digital Evidence (http://ncfs.org/swgde/index.html), SWGDRUG - Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (http://www.swgdrug.org), SWGFAST - Scientific Working Group on Friction Ridge Analysis, Study, and Technology (http://www.swgfast.org), SWGGUN - Scientific Working Group for Firearms and Toolmarks (http://www.swggun.org), SWGIT - Scientific Working Group on Imaging Technology (http://www.theiai.org/guidelines/swgit/index.php), SWGSTAIN - Scientific Working Group on Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (http://www.swgstain.org). While other forensic-related SWGs and TWGs exist, they do not yet have websites.

Web Resources Related to Specific Forensic Topics

Forensic Pathology
Forensic Anthropology
Biometrics
Forensic Botany
Toxicology
Fingerprints
DNA
Firearms
Odontology
Questioned Documents

Forensic Pathology

Visible Proofs: Forensic Views of the Body (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/visibleproofs) is an exhibition at the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, in Maryland. An online exhibit complements the exhibition in Maryland. The website features information about the history of forensic medicine, galleries of famous forensic cases throughout history, libraries of images and video files, and other educational resources.

Forensic Anthropology

Established in 1988 and reformed in 1992 as the International Association for Craniofacial (IACI) (http://www.forensicartist.com/IACI/index.html), this association focusing on craniofacial identification is comprised primarily of medical and scientific professionals from throughout the world. Members also specialize in the related fields of Forensic Odontology, Forensic Anthropology, 2- and 3-Dimensional Skull Reconstruction Techniques, Computer-Based Skull Reconstruction, Facial Aging for Law Enforcement, Facial Mapping and Composite Sketching. The organization offers educational opportunities that include classes ranging from "How to be a Forensic Artist" and "Understanding the Human Face" to both basic and advanced classes "Facial Reconstruction Sculpture." The site includes links to selected historical exhumation projects as well as nearly 30 related craniofacial identification sites and publications.

Wesley Neville, an IACI member and forensic artist for the Florence County Sheriff's Office in South Carolina, maintains Forensic Art (http://www.forensicartist.com), a website providing a brief description of the various facets of forensic art as well as links to several additional resources out of his "love of forensic art."

The Central Identification Laboratory (CIL) at the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command (JPAC) in Hawaii is the world's largest forensic anthropology laboratory in operation. JPAC's mission is to account for missing Americans lost during military conflicts. The material evidence—personal effects, uniform items, weapons, tools and more—collected throughout the world to identify the missing individuals is curated in the CIL and retained items are shared with museum partners. The website of the CIL (http://www.jpac.pacom.mil) provides an interesting presentation in describing how the staff of more than 30 civilian forensic anthropologists employs the related sciences of archaeology, odontology, odonto- and opto-search to accomplish its identification missions. The site also includes general scientific information about forensic anthropology and related fields, news releases regarding its forensic work including its project to collect family reference samples (mtDNA) to aid in identification of missing service men and women, recounts of historical missions, and career opportunities.

The American Association of Physical Anthropology (AAPA) (http://www.physanth.org) is an authoritative professional organization formed in 1930, and now lists a membership of more than 1700 professionals, scientists and physical anthropology students who have demonstrated qualification for membership through publication or professional activities. The AAPA site provides information intended mainly for its members such as funding opportunities, the location of graduate programs, position statements by the organization, job postings and access to its official journal, the American Journal of Physical Anthropology. Other pages include information about careers in physical anthropology, the organization's annual meeting and links to other related scientific associations.

Biometrics

A trilogy of sites developed to foster greater collaboration and sharing of information related to biometrics among federal and state government agencies, commercial entities and the public starts at Biometrics.gov (http://www.biometrics.gov). This site is the authoritative source for all biometrics-related activities within the Federal government and is divided into three main areas. First, the Biometrics Reference Room tab leads to general information about biometrics technology, provides a synopsis of biometrics programs hosted by various federal agencies like the Department of Defense, Department of Commerce, Department of Homeland Security or the Department of Justice, and offers Privacy & Biometrics: Building a Conceptual Foundation, a publication which presents the government's perspective on privacy with respect to biometrics. Next, the site provides information on the National Science & Technology Council's (NSTC) Subcommittee on Biometrics, including presentations, publications and additional technical information. Third, a Media tab provides press releases, graphics and 'fast facts' geared for use among members of the press.

From Biometrics.gov, users can link to the two partner sites: Biometrics Catalog (http://www.biometricscatalog.org) and The Biometric Consortium (http://www.biometrics.org). Each of the partner sites contain general, introductory information on biometrics and the government's privacy policy, similar to the information found on Biometrics.gov, but each site also contains additional and distinct information.

Biometrics Catalog is a free, public repository of biometrics information sponsored by the federal government but kept current by its public users—both the biometrics scientific and commercial communities—who add information as it becomes available. Postings include news releases, related government documents as well as private and scholarly, peer-reviewed reports. The government documents and private-sector reports are maintained in a searchable database (through a combination of Boolean operators and/or date ranges). During a recent visit (November 2006), the database supported more than one hundred government reports published between 1991 to September 2006, and approximately 5200 research papers, reports, conference presentations, publications and analysis across all fields of biometrics (fingerprints, voiceprints, facial recognition, ID cards, and iris recognition to name only a few topics). Examples of article titles from August 2006 include "Compound Stochastic Models for Fingerprint Individuality" and "3d Face Recognition Across Pose and Expression." Over 4000 of the private-sector research publications were published within the past ten years, with approximately 1900 published within the past five and 440 published within the past two years. But the site also included Bertillon Documents in French from 1881 and a 1919 study published by the Carnegie Institution of Washington on the basal metabolism in man.

Several additional databases maintained on the site allow users to search for information such as government authored or government sponsored evaluations of specific biometrics technologies (examples: Independent Testing of Iris Recognition Technology (May 2005); Studies of Plain-to-Rolled Fingerprint Matching Using the NIST Algorithmic Test Bed (ATB) (April 2004)). Federal solicitations for biometrics research and development or services and reports on biometrics-related legislative or governmental agency activity are also available. Remaining databases consist of postings listing conferences and educational courses, commercial products and their companies, and biometrics consultants and analysts.

The Biometric Consortium (http://biometrics.org) is described as a "focal point for research, development, testing, evaluation, and application of biometric-based personal identification/verification technology." The organization has hosted annual conferences since 1992 and provides links to conference material from the later conferences as well as information on upcoming conferences. Links to other meetings or educational events and materials are also available. Additionally, the site provides links to universities researching biometric technology and their specific programs, links to selected periodicals and research publications arranged by year of publication from 1994 through 2003, and provides an extensive biometrics glossary.

Forensic Botany

The Internet Directory of Botany, compiled by Anthony R. Brach, Harvard University Herbarium, and others (http://www.botany.net/IDB), is an extensive, award-winning alphabetical index of links to online botanical information. Users may peruse the lists of links to specific databases, articles, and other resources or search terms or keywords found within the titles. For example, "A Mini-Course in Medical Botany Syllabus by James A. Duke" is listed under the "A" index and will not be found if searching the "M" index (for "mini-course" or "medical botany"). However, a keyword search for "medical botany" or "James Duke" will locate the article.

Toxicology

TIAFT.org (http://www.tiaft.org) is the official website of The International Association of Forensic Toxicologists and offers direct links to additional resources from both public and members only areas. For example, the public section maintains a user-contributed collection of reference analytical data to assist in the identification of unknown toxic substances, an Observatory section comprised of links and a large directory of all genres of toxicology-related websites arranged by forensic specialty, and a Powersearch area to search for and access various scientific and medical literature and technological information.

Membership to TIAFT is $40 annually and allows access to the organization's therapeutic and toxic drug concentrations list, developed by colleagues and medical specialists and from information obtained through the field's literature, pharmaceutical industries and by comparison with established drug data lists. Members may also access the complete text of organization's quarterly journal, retrieve previously published journal Case Notes, read Online Reviews of various articles focused on state of the art forensic and analytical toxicology topics, and tap into a collection of nearly 1500 papers presented at TIAFT meetings spanning three decades.

Soft-tox.org is the website of the Society of Forensic Toxicologists (SOFT), an organization of practicing forensic toxicologists and others that share an interest in the discipline. The site provides brief and general information introducing forensic toxicology and allows public users to download guidelines for the practice of forensic toxicology in the two defined areas of postmortem forensic toxicology and human performance forensic toxicology which provides additional information on the subject of forensic toxicology. Additional downloads include the organization's Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault Survey and Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault Drug List and Cutoff and the new American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS) Toxicology Section Mass Spectrometry Database, a comprehensive drug library of the spectra for more than several hundred substances including a mini-library of the mass spectra of newer drugs, metabolites and some breakdown products.

The California Association of Toxicologists maintains a website (http://www.cal-tox.org) that provides an online toxicology-related exchange and discussion forum (CAT Forum) interlinked with the Southwestern Association of Toxicologists. In addition to its links page, the site also features an extensive searchable database of online literature reviews by Dr. Rodger Foltz with particular emphasis on analysis of new drugs, newer chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques and, in general, their application for the identification and quantitation of drugs and metabolites in physiological specimens.

Fingerprints

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) maintains a webpage (http://www.fbi.gov/hq/cjisd/cjis.htm) from which users may access general and historical information on fingerprint identification (All About Fingerprints tab), become familiar with the federal automated fingerprint identification system (IAFIS), learn the proper method for Taking Legible Fingerprints and discover training opportunities.

Latent Print Examination: Fingerprints, Palmprints and Footprints (http://www.onin.com/fp/index.htm) is possibly the best of several solid online resources dedicated to latent print examination, and is useful for both the novice and the experienced. The website, maintained by Ed German, a recognized expert in latent print examination, is an extensive repository of relevant latent fingerprint, handprint and footprint technology, history, news, caselaw, and links. Topics from challenges to fingerprint evidence reliability to the latest technologies for crime scene processing and evidence collection are explored in depth, and online discussion forums and opportunities to "ask an expert" are available to seek additional answers and information.

Ridges and Furrows at (http://www.ridgesandfurrows.homestead.com) focuses on the enhancement of latent prints and latent print identification through the use of advances in digital technology. The history of latent print examination and court challenges to fingerprint science, particularly as they relate to the advancements in digital technology, are offered, as well as links to relevant newsletter, discussion forums and other online learning opportunities. The website is maintained by Mary Beeton, a Canadian fingerprint technician with the Durham Regional Police Service in Ontario.

DNA

Mitomap: A Human Mitochondrial Genome Database (http://www.mitomap.org) offers a comprehensive and searchable "compendium of polymorphisms and mutations of the human mitochondrial DNA." The database can be searched by gene, disease, or enzymes, for example, and keywords may be abbreviated or truncated. Alternatively, the user may use subsections divided into areas including "MtDNA Polymorphisms" and "MtDNA Mutations with Reports of Disease-Associations" and organized by mtDNA location or phenotype. The website is supplemented by several illustrations and tables, a "Mitomap Quick Reference" section that includes an extensive bibliography of mitochondrial references, and links to additional databases and related sites.

DNA•VIEW (http://dna-view.com) is the website maintained by forensic DNA identification consultant Charles Brenner, and presents a comprehensive look at forensic DNA analysis particularly as it relates to mathmetics. The site provides topical news, articles, archived discussions on DNA identification including recent identifications after mass disasters, information on DNA identification software, and data tables organized by subject (for example, "Allele Frequencies for US Populations" provided by Cellmark Diagnostics). Topic areas such as Discussions are generally enhanced with photos, PowerPoint® presentations, news and other articles provided by the participants.

Firearms

FirearmsID (http://www.firearmsid.com/new_index.htm), privately maintained by Jeffrey Scott Doyle, a firearm and tool mark examiner with the Kentucky State Police Regional Forensic Lab, provides extensive educational and investigative information including firearm safety, topical articles, expert testimony, firearms testing, and an introduction to firearms and ballistics and arranged by categories like the History of Firearm ID and Case Profiles. The website offers a discussion area, Forensic Forum, and a Resource Area provides such subtopics as Ballistics Picture Book and Virtual Comparison Microscope, while another area leads the user to databases containing rifling data and a bullet and Shotshell Component search.

Odontology

Forensic odontologist Mike Bowers created the website Issues in Human and Animal Bite mark (Bitemark) Analysis (http://www.forensic.to/webhome/bitemarks), which provides an extensive overview of the subject, supplemented by hyperlinks to several case studies (for example, serial killer Ted Bundy and the crash of Alaska Airlines Flight 261 in 2000), photos of bite mark evidence, journal articles, and links to similar websites.

Forensic Dentistry Online (http://forensicdentistryonline.com) is the International Organisation for Forensic Odontostomotology (IOFOS) 's contribution to forensic dentistry. The website includes information on bitemarks and bitemark identification, including new resources using DNA from teeth and saliva, as well as information covering the legal aspects of bitemark evidence admissibility. Also included are sections posting news items and commentaries from users, book reviews on the subject, and links to continuing education courses and odontologists.

Questioned Documents

The website at, maintained by certified questioned document examiner Emily J. Will (http://www.qdewill.com), offers an overview of the subject through areas exploring the theories and applications of questioned document examination, the external tools used in examination and a presentation of famous cases. At Identifont (http://www.identifont.com/index.html) users can use the largest independent directory of online typefaces to search for type and picture or symbol fonts by font appearance, name, or similarity. Users can also download a wide selection of fonts for free. Identifont was developed by Human-Computer Interface, an information design and documentation company specializing in high tech products. Similarly, Omniglot (http://www.omniglot.com) provides details of alphabets and writing systems, both current and ancient. Each writing system is illustrated, with information provided about its origin, usage, notable features and the languages written with it.

Hot Topics + Click to Pick Bibliographies

2009-07-14 12:36:03

Hot Bibliographies

PTSD & the Criminal Justice System - October 2008

Casework Reviews of mtDNA that Demonstrate Contamination, Inexperience in Interpreting Mixtures, and Differences in How Tests are Conducted - May 2008

Reliability of AFIS for Matching 10-Print Sets - May 2008

Friction Ridge Community's Views About the Presentation in Court of Probabilistic Conclusions and the Responsibility of Latent Print Examiners - May 2008

Reliability of Impression Evidence - May 2008

Trends in the Use of DNA Analysis to Complement Microscopic Hair Examination - May 2008

Software Tools to Assist in the Analysis of Handwriting - May 2008

Analyzing Paper & Inks - May 2008

Reliability of Trained Document Examiners - May 2008

Toolmark Examiner Training - May 2008

3-D Assessment of Toolmarks - May 2008

Analysis of Bloodstain Patterns - May 2008

Cases Where Computers are Evidence Sent to the Lab - May 2008

Warrant Specificity in Search & Seizure of Computers - May 2008

Recommended Practices in Reporting Forensic Science Results - May 2008

DNA for Defense - October 2007

Forensic Resources for Judges - July 2007

New Developments in Forensics - April 2007

Calmatives & Less Lethal Weapons - April 2007

Identity Theft - September 2006
Up-to-date Identity Theft resources from NCSTL database

Forensic Science Literature and Resources: Lessons to Be Learned - August 18, 2006

CSI Effect Bibliography - October 28, 2008
CSI Effect Bibliography - July 13, 2006
Up-to-date CSI Effect resources from NCSTL database

Hot Topics Bibliography - March 15, 2006:

FAME Bibliography - August 11, 2005

Forensic Resources for Teachers

National Conferences Bibliographies - 2005 & 2006

NCSTL Conferences

2010-02-11 23:24:33

2006 NCSTL National Conference
2005 NCSTL National Conference

National Conference for Science, Technology and the Law 2006
November 2-5, 2006 at the Renaissance Vinoy Resort, St. Peterburg, Florida

Topics included:

Intra and Interstate Tracking of Sexual Predators
DUI Standards
Presenting Forensic Evidence in Court
Principles of Forensic DNA for Officers of the Court
Identity Theft
The Warren Jeffs Case
Forensic Psychology
Science, Law and Law Enforcement of Methamphetamine
Biogeographical Ancestry Prediction based on DNA
Legal Update: Fingerprint Evidence
Weird Science and Faux-n-sics
Less Lethal Devices
Case Law Update
Technology, Research and Education

Conference video segments and candids, Conference Agenda, Program Abstracts, Presenter Bios, Conference Co-sponsors, Conference Bibliographies.

Presenter handouts: John H. Cunha, Jr., Michael C. Delgadillo: The Three Determinations of a DRE, Glenn Langenburg, Glenn Langenburg.

Presenter PowerPoints:

Dr. Jack Ballantyne: The Determination of Physical Feathers of the Donor of a Crime Scene Sample
Sue Ballou: Biogeographical Ancestry Prediction Based on DNA (SNPs) for Investigative Leads
Dr. William P. Bozeman: Medical Safety Update Less Lethal Weapons/Conducted Energy Devices (CED)
John H. Cunha, Jr.: Latent Fingerprints and #2
Richard W. Downing: Federal Identity Theft Investigations
Dr. J.C. Upshaw Downs: Less Than Lethal Force: A Medical Examiner's View
Dr. Ken Furton: Forensic Evidence Case Law Developments: Canines in Court
Paul Gianelli: Recent Developments
Rockne P. Harmon: DNA-Based Ancestry Prediction
Cynthia Holt: Wikis, Blogs, and More: New Keys That Unlock New Possibilities
Dr. Bruno D.V. Marino: EME: Signal to Society
Stephen B. Meagher: Latent Prints: Aftermath from Mayfield Erroneous Identification and Fingerprints: Science and the Law
Dr. Dana Hunt, Dr. John Carnevale, Sheryl Rabin, Walter Rodriguez, Mark Evans: MethPanel - Science, Law and Law Enforcement of Methamphetamine
John Morgan: Presentation
Rick W. Smith: TASER Non-Lethal Weapons: Safety Data & Field Results and Taser Video and Taser Video and Ultrasound Video
Dr. Susan Zucker: Technology, Research in Education: Current Trends in DL.

National Conference for Science, Technology and the Law 2005
September 16-18, 2005 at the Renaissance Vinoy Resort, St. Peterburg, Florida

Topics included:

Science and Technology for the Courtroom
Science, Technology, and Law Updates
“’CSI’ Effect” and the Impact of New Coverage on High Profile Cases
Investigation, Prosecution, and Defense of Cybercrime Cases
Investigation of Abuse: Use of Science, Technology, and Law in Detection and Resolution
Ensuring Accuracy and Reliability in Science and Technology
Balancing Information Sharing and Privacy Concerns
Emerging Legal Issues with Science and Police Investigation Tools
Impact of New Technologies on the Criminal Justice System

Conference video segments and candids, Conference Agenda, Program Abstracts, Presenter Bios, Conference Co-sponsors, Conference Bibliographies.

Presenter Handouts: W. Mark Dale, Jules Epstein, Dr. Richard E. Powers, Emerging Legal Issues with Science and Police Investigation Tools.

Presenter PowerPoints:

Dr. Robert W. Black: Investigation of Child Abuse
Dr. Susan Brinkley: CCTV Technology and Privacy Concerns
Michael R. Bromwich: Making Sure that Science Serves Justice: The Case of the Houston Police Department Crime Lab
Major George Cadavid: A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words
W. Mark Dale: Biotracks - We Need, So We Must Find a Way
Nola Tedesco Foulston: Presentation
Paul Giannelli: Reliability & Forensic Science and Gianelli Updates Document and Gianelli Updates Presentation
Susan Haack: Scrutining Peer Review
Gregory Hoffman: Operation Disruption
Hon. Elizabeth A. Jenkins: Accuracy: A Trial Judge’s Perspective
Dr. Laura Mosqueda: Investigation of Abuse: Use of Science, Technology and Law in Detection and Resolution
Joseph L. Peterson: The Evolving Forensic Sciences
Dr. Douglas Posey: Elderly Abuse
Richard E. Powers: UAB Disability Justice Program
Dr. Carl M. Selavka: Quality in Forensic Service Accuracy & Reliability Are Present, Just Like on CSI, Right? and Impact of New Technologies FOM Stands For “Fantastically Organized Magic”, Right?
Adam Shostack: Protecting Society by Protecting Information
Christopher Slobogin: Virtual Searches
Andrew W. Vail: Recording Custodial Interrogations
Richard Willing: Presentation

NCSTL Conference - November, 2006

2009-07-02 15:48:37

A CD of the conference presentations from the National Conference on Science, Technology and the Law held on November 2-5, 2006 is available. Please contact NCSTL for more information: watson@law.stetson.edu. Video footage available soon.

Coming soon ... see Specialized Bibliographies and Resources for bibliography of the 2006 National Conference for Science, Technology and the Law.

Canine Sniffs & Scent Detection

2009-07-03 13:37:06

Hot Topics - Canine Sniffs & Scent Detection

Michael S. Macias, Ross J. Harper & Kenneth G. Furton, A Comparison of Real vs. Pseudo Contraband for Reliable Detector Dog Training, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: American Academy of Forensic Science (AAFS)

Robert A. Middleberg, A Dog, a Lawyer, and a Toxicologist - Proving the Need for Pre-Trial Conferences, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: American Academy of Forensic Science (AAFS)

Richard E. Myers II, In the Wake of Caballes, Should We Let Sniffing Dogs Lie?, 20 CRIM. JUST. 4 (Winter 2006), Located at: American Bar Association Criminal Justice Section

The Supreme Court, 2004 Term: Leading Cases: Fourth Amendment – Canine Sniff - Illinois v. Caballes, 119 HARV. L. REV. 179 (Nov. 2005), Located at: Harvard Law Review

Harold Kennedy, Sensing Technology Has Yet to Beat a Dog’s Nose, NATIONAL DEFENSE MAGAZINE, Nov. 2005, Located at: National Defense Magazine

Dog Sniff Violates State Constitution, LAWYERS WEEKLY USA, July 4, 2005, at 10, Located at: Lawyers Weekly USA

Milton Hirsch & David Oscar Markus, Drugs, Dogs and Cars: Oh My!: Fourth Amendment Forum, THE CHAMPION, June 2005, at 48, Located at: National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers (NACDL)

Reid C. Pixler, Recent Developments in Dog Sniff Cases, 17 ASSET FORFEITURE NEWS 1, May/June 2005, Located at: Department of Justice, Criminal Division.

Ross J. Harper, Jose R. Almirall & Kenneth G. Furton, Discrimination of Smokeless Powders by Headspace SPME-GC-MS and SPME-GC-ECD, and the Potential Implications Upon Training Canine Detection of Explosives, 5778 PROC. SPIE 638 (May 2005), Located at: The International Society for Optical Engineering

Allison M. Curran, Paola A. Prada, Adee A. Schoon, Jose R. Almirall & Kenneth G. Furton, Human Scent as a Biometric Measurement, 5779 PROC. SPIE 398 (Mar. 2005), Located at: The International Society for Optical Engineering

G.A.A. Schoon, The Effect of the Ageing of Crime Scene Objects on the Results of Scent Identification Line-ups Using Trained Dogs, 147 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 43 (Jan. 2005), Located at: Elsevier Article Locator

Rex A. Stockham, Dennis L. Slavin & William Kift, Survivability of Human Scent, FORENSIC SCI. COMM., Vol. 4, Iss. 4 (Oct. 2004), Located at: Forensic Science Communications

Rex A. Stockham, Dennis L. Slavin & William Kift, Specialized Use of Human Scent in Criminal Investigations, FORENSIC SCI. COMM., Vol. 6, July 2004, Located at: Forensic Science Communications

Mark Derr, With Training, A Dog’s Nose Almost Always Knows, NEW YORK TIMES, May 29, 2001, at F4, Located at: The New York Times

G.A.A. Schoon & J.C. De Bruin, The Ability of Dogs to Recognize and Cross-Match Human Odours, 69 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 111 (Dec. 1994), Elsevier Article Locator

Special Collections

2009-07-14 12:40:31

NCSTL recently acquired four special collections. They include:

The Caywood Collection is an assortment of articles, pamphlets, and other resources from the estate of Douglas J. Caywood, most of which relate to the topics of questioned documents and firearms. The Caywood Finding Resource is A Collection Guide developed by NCSTL's Marcus Parker and Anthony Smith.

The Caywood Collection is in a special room on the Gulfport campus of Stetson Law School. Access is available by appointment.
The Questioned Document Article Database (QDAD). The American Society of Questioned Document Examiners (ASQDE) shared its Questioned Document Article Database (QDAD) resources and NCSTL is incorporating the QDAD records into its database.
Florida Division of the International Association for Identification’s (FDIAI) historical newsletters. NCSTL is developing an electronic inventory and index of the journals which will allow readers to access their historical content.

See: FDIAI Electronic Inventory
A Reference Index containing 2836 latent print, footwear, tire track, and miscellaneous forensic examinations files citations were donated by Ernest (Ernie) D. Hamm, expert in latent print, footwear, and tire track examinations. The citations will be incorporated into the NCSTL database.

National Conference for Science, Technology and the Law 2006 - Bibliographies

2009-07-03 13:37:32

Intra/Interstate Tracking of Sexual Predators (1)
DUI Standards – Toxicology & Behavioral Models (9)
Presenting Forensic Evidence in Court & the Use of Technology in the Courtroom (12)
Identity Theft: A Bibliography of Federal, State, Consumer and News Resources (16)
Warren Jeffs Case (34)
Forensic Psychology (38)
Science, Law & Law Enforcement of Methamphetamine (41)
Biogeographical Ancestry Prediction Based on DNA (SNPs) for Investigative Leads (44)
Legal Update on Consideration of Fingerprint Evidence (47)
Weird Science & Faux-n-sics (51)
Less Lethal Force (56)
Forensic Evidence Case Law Developments (59)
Technology, Research & Education (64)
Science & Law Journals

Joseph A. Aluise, Evidence of Prior Sexual Misconduct in Sexual Assault and Child Molestation Proceedings: Did Congress Err in Passing Federal Rules of Evidence 413, 414 And 415?, 14 J. L. & POL. 153 (1998) (http://jlp.law.virginia.edu)

James A. Billings & Crystal L. Bulges, Maine's Sex Offender Registration And Notification Act: Wise Or Wicked?, 52 ME. L. REV. 175 (2000) (http://mainelaw.maine.edu/lawreview2000.aspx)

J. Richard Broughton, On Horror's Head Horrors Accumulate: A Reflective Comment On Capital Child Rape Legislation, 39 Duq. L. Rev. 1 (2000) (http://www.law.duq.edu/career/SerOrg08.html)

Catherine L. Carpenter, The Constitutionality of Strict Liability in Sex Offender Registration Laws, 86 B.U. L. REV. 295 (Apr. 2006) (http://www.bu.edu/law/lawreview)

Joan Comparet-Cassani, A Primer on the Civil Trial of a Sexually Violent Predator, 37 SAN DIEGO L. REV. 1057 (2000) (http://www.sandiego.edu/usdlaw/about/publications/journals/lawreview/issues/index.php?vol=37&issue=4)

John Daugman, How Iris Recognition Works, 14 IEEE TRANS. CIRCUITS SYSTEMS VIDEO TECH. 21 (2004) (http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~jgd1000/csvt.pdf)

Joanna C. Enstice, Remembering the Victims of Sexual Abuse: The Treatment of Juvenile Sex Offenders in In re J.W., 35 LOY. U. CHI. L.J. 941 (2004) (http://www.luc.edu/law/activities/publications/law.shtml)

Brian M. Epstein, Megan's Law: How Should The State Of Massachusetts Apply Its Sex Offender Registry Laws In Light Of Other Jurisdictions, 28 NEW ENG. J. ON CRIM. & CIV. CONFINEMENT 247 (2002) (http://www.nesl.edu/journal/vol28/2/index.cfm)

Katie Granlund, Does Societal Input Lead To Successful Sex Offender Legislation?, 29 LAW & PSYCH. REV. 197 (2005) (http://www.law.ua.edu/lawpsychology)

Eric S. Janus, Closing Pandora's Box: Sexual Predators and the Politics of Sexual Violence in Symposium: Managing Sex Offender Risk, Conditional Release, and Community Treatment, 34 SETON HALL L. REV. 1233 (2004) (http://law.shu.edu/journals/lawreview/lawrev)

Carol L. Kunz, Toward Dispassionate, Effective Control Of Sexual Offenders, 47 AM. U. L. REV. 453 (1997) (http://www.wcl.american.edu/journal/lawrev/47/47-2.cfm)

John Q. La Fond & Bruce J. Winick, Sex Offender Reentry Courts: A Cost Effective Proposal for Managing Sex Offender Risk in the Community, 989 ANNALS N.Y. ACAD. SCI. 300 (2003) (http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/nyas/989/1)

Wayne A. Logan, Liberty Interests In the Preventive State: Procedural Due Process And Sex Offender Community Notification Laws, 89 J. CRIM. L. & CRIMINOLOGY 1167 (1999) (http://www.law.northwestern.edu/jclc/backissues/89-4.html)

Wayne A. Logan, Sex Offender Registration and Community Notification: Emerging Legal and Research Issues, 989 ANNALS N.Y. ACAD. SCI. 337 (2003) (http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/nyas/989/1)

Mona Lynch, Pedophiles and Cyber-Predators As Contaminating Forces: The Language Of Disgust, Pollution, and Boundary Invasions In Federal Debates On Sex Offender Legislation, 27 LAW & SOC. INQUIRY 529 (2002) (http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/lsi/27/3)

Stephen R. McAllister, The Constitutionality Of Kansas Laws Targeting Sex Offenders, 36 WASHBURN L.J. 419 (1997) (http://washburnlaw.edu/wlj)

M. Megan McCune, Virtual Lollipops and Lost Puppies: How Far Can States Go to Protect Minors Through the Use of Internet Luring Laws, 14 COMMLAW CONSPECTUS 503 (2006) (http://commlaw.cua.edu/abstracts/14_2.cfm)

Stephen J. Morse, Fear of Danger, Flight From Culpability, 4 PSYCH. PUB. POL'Y & L. 250 (1998) (http://content.apa.org/journals/law/4/1-2)

Lori A. Polonchak, Surprise! You Just Moved Next to a Sexual Predator: The Duty of Residential Sellers and Real Estate Brokers to Disclose the Presence of Sexual Predators to Prospective Purchasers, 102 DICK. L. REV. 169 (1997) (http://www.dsl.psu.edu/groups/lawreview.cfm)

David K. Ries, Duty-To-Protect Claims by Inmates after the Prison Rape Elimination Act, 13 J. L. & POL'Y 915 (2005) (http://www.brooklaw.edu/students/journals/bjlp/jlp13ii.php)

Laura M. Rojas, Getting Tough on Homeless Sex Offenders: Is the New Legislation a Hysterical Response or a Necessary Precaution?, 29 MCGEORGE L. REV. 500 (1998)(http://www.mcgeorge.edu/mlr)

Christopher Slobogin, A Jurisprudence of Dangerousness, 98 NW. U. L. REV. 1 (2003) (http://www.law.northwestern.edu/lawreview/PastIssues/vol98no1.html)

Debra Todd, Sentencing Of Adult Offenders In Cases Involving Sexual Abuse Of Children: Too Little, Too Late? A View from the Pennsylvania Bench, 109 PENN ST. L. REV. 487 (2004) (http://www.dsl.psu.edu/journals/lawreview/lrvol109_2.cfm)

Newspapers, Magazines & Periodicals

Attorney General's Office Secures Grant To Fight Child Internet Crimes, SAN ANTONIO BUS. J., May 18, 2006 (http://sanantonio.bizjournals.com/sanantonio)

Diane Cardwell, New York State Draws Nearer to Collecting DNA in All Crimes, Big and Small, N.Y. TIMES, May 4, 2006 at B1 (http://www.nytimes.com)

Brian Chasnoff, Sex Predators Now Feel Fear of Hunted, SAN ANTONIO EXPRESS-NEWS, May 15, 2006, at 1A (http://www.mysanantonio.com)

Press Release, Kristin Cleveland, IAC Announces 'Top 5' Excellence.Gov Award Winners For 2006 (American Council for Technology (ACT) & Industry Advisory Council (IAC), February 15, 2006) (announced the National Sex Offender Public Registry (NSOPR) as one of the top five federal agency programs) (http://www.actgov.org/actiac/documents/pr/060215Excellence.GovTop5.doc)

Robert Crowe, Cyber Crime Sting Leads To 4 Arrests, HOUSTON CHRON., July 26, 2006, at B4 (http://www.chron.com)

Ria David, Change DNA Rules, PITTSBURGH POST-GAZETTE, May 9, 2006, at B6 (http://www.post-gazette.com)

DNA Power: For Crimes In Which It Can Be Used, DNA Evidence Is A Strong Tool; Two Stories Nationwide, Reported On The Same Day, Back That Up, FORT WORTH STAR-TELEGRAM, June 10, 2006, at B14 (http://www.dfw.com/mld/dfw/news)

Editorial: New York State Nearing Approval of More Comprehensive DNA Collection, ALLENTOWN MORNING CALL, May 8, 2006, at A8 (http://www.mcall.com)

Jay Gorania, Attorney General Comes To Odessa For Town Hall Meeting On Cyber Crimes: Officials Offer Tips For Parents To Keep Kids Safe, ODESSA AMERICAN, April 13, 2006 (http://www.oaoa.com)

Tim Grant, Orie: Make Cyber Bullying A Crime In State, PITTSBURGH POST-GAZETTE, June 27, 2006, at B1 (http://www.post-gazette.com)

Cindy Horswell, Internet Use May Point Police to Missing Teens, HOUSTON CHRON., July 26, 2006, at B3 (http://www.chron.com)

Press Release, Sheila Jerusalem, Office of Justice Programs, All 50 States Linked to Department of Justice National Sex Offender Public Registry Web Site (July 3, 2006)(http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/newsroom/2006/BJA06041.htm)

Jennifer Leahy, Protecting Our Kids Lurking In Cyberspace Cyber Crime Investigator Warns Parents To Monitor Children's Online Activities, HOUSTON CHRON., April 27, 2006, at 1 (http://www.chron.com)

Man Arrested In Internet Child Sex Sting, SAN ANTONIO EXPRESS-NEWS, May 13, 2006, at B02 (http://www.mysanantonio.com)

Dave Montgomery, Lawmakers Target Internet Pedophiles, FT. WORTH STAR-TELEGRAM, July 12, 2006, at A5 (http://www.dfw.com/mld/dfw/news)

Corilyn Shropshire, Researchers Work To Thwart Cleverer Cyber Scammers, PITTSBURGH POST-GAZETTE, July 12, 2006, at E1 (http://www.post-gazette.com)

Kathleen Brady Shea, Lab Turns to Cyberspace to Solve Crimes, THE PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER, July 7, 2006, at B1 (http://www.philly.com/mld/inquirer)

'Safe Child' Cards Offered, POST STANDARD, April 27, 2006, at B2 (http://www.syracuse.com/poststandard)

Randolph E. Schmid, Solving Crime With A Relative's DNA: Researchers Say Screen For Close Matches Among Family Members Could Lead Police To A Criminal Through A Relative, ALBANY TIMES UNION, May 12, 2006 at A7 (http://www.timesunion.com)

Gerald J. Turetsky, Pros and Cons of DNA Collection, N.Y. TIMES, April 16, 2006, at 11 (http://www.nytimes.com)

Using Family DNA 'Prints' To Solve Crimes, NEWSDAY, May 11, 2006 at A36 (http://www.newsday.com)

Lynn Waddell & Arian Campo-Flores, Iris Scans: Keeping an Eye on Sex Offenders, NEWSWEEK, July 24, 2006, at 8 (http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3032542/site/newsweek)

Nicholas Wade, Wider Use of DNA Lists is Urged in Fighting Crime, N.Y. TIMES, May 12, 2006, at A28 (http://www.nytimes.com)

Lauren Weber, Two Measures Of Relief Advocates For Crime Victims Applaud Albany Action On DNA Databank And Rape Statute Of Limitations, NEWSDAY, June 22, 2006, at A8 (http://www.newsday.com)

Rick Weiss, Study Suggests Expanding DNA Tests Will Clear More Crimes Civil Libertarians Raise Alarms About Criminals' Families Being Searched, HOUSTON CHRON., May 14, 2006, at A4 (http://www.chron.com)

Rick Weiss, Vast DNA Databank Pits Policing Against Privacy, PITTSBURGH POST-GAZETTE, June 4, 2006, at A7 (http://www.post-gazette.com)

Toni Whitt, Manhattan: More Investigative Teams for Hospitals, N.Y. TIMES, April 19, 2006, at B7 (http://www.nytimes.com)

Richard Willing, Officials Increase DNA Profiles Collections Made Before Convictions, USA TODAY, May 1, 2006, at 1A (http://www.usatoday.com)

Books & Reports

Georgia F. Cumming & Robert J. McGrath, SUPERVISION OF THE SEX OFFENDER: COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT, RISK ASSESSMENT & TREATMENT (2d ed., American Probation & Parole Association 2005) (http://www.appa-net.org/publications%20and%20resources/managingadult2.htm)

Richard Z. Gore, A NOTE ON THE USE OF SIMPLE SUSPECT LIST METRICS IN THE EVALUATION OF PROFILING METHODS AND INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURES, (Report to NIJ, September 2, 2005) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/maps/GoreRichard.pdf)

Andrew J. Harris, CIVIL COMMITMENT OF SEXUAL PREDATORS: A STUDY IN POLICY IMPLEMENTATION (LFB Scholarly Publishing 2005) (http://www.lfbscholarly.com/criminal_justice/harris_320957.htm)

John Q. La Fond, PREVENTING SEXUAL VIOLENCE: HOW SOCIETY SHOULD COPE WITH SEX OFFENDERS (American Psychological Association 2005) (http://www.apa.org/books/4316045.html)

Roxanne Lieb & Kathy Gookin, INVOLUNTARY COMMITMENT OF SEXUALLY VIOLENT PREDATORS: COMPARING STATE LAWS (Washington State Institute for Public Policy 2005) (http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/rptfiles/05-03-1101.pdf)

Roxanne Lieb & Scott Matson, SEXUAL PREDATOR COMMITMENT LAWS IN THE UNITED STATES: 1998 UPDATE (Washington State Institute for Public Policy 1998) (http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/rptfiles/sexcomm_98.pdf)

MANAGING ADULT SEX OFFENDERS: A CONTAINMENT APPROACH (Kim English, Suzanne Pullen, & Linda Jones, eds., American Probation & Parole Association 1996) (http://www.appa-net.org/publications%20and%20resources/managingadult.htm)

Scott Matson, SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION: NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND STATE REGISTRIES (Washington State Institute for Public Policy 1996) (http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/rptfiles/numberof.pdf)

Scott Matson & Roxanne Lieb, SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION: A REVIEW OF STATE LAWS (Washington State Institute for Public Policy 1996)(http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/rptfiles/regsrtn.pdf)

PROTECTING SOCIETY FROM SEXUALLY DANGEROUS OFFENDERS : LAW, JUSTICE, AND THERAPY (Bruce J. Winick & John Q. La Fond, eds., American Psychological Association 2003) (http://www.apa.org/Books/431694A.html)

Tom Rich & Michael Shively, A METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING GEOGRAPHIC PROFILING SOFTWARE (November 2004) (Report to NIJ) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/maps/gp.pdf)

Donna Schram & Cheryl Milloy, SEXUALLY VIOLENT PREDATORS AND CIVIL COMMITMENT (Washington State Institute for Public Policy 1998)
STALKING: PSYCHOLOGY, RISK FACTORS, INTERVENTIONS, AND LAW (Mary P. Brewster, ed., Civic Research Institute 2003) (http://www.civicresearchinstitute.com/vi7b.html)

Karen J. Terry & John S. Furlong, SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION AND COMMUNITY NOTIFICATION: A "MEGAN'S LAW" SOURCEBOOK (2d ed., Civic Research Institute 2006) (http://www.civicresearchinstitute.com/co15b.html)

SEX OFFENDER LAW REPORT (Karen Terry, ed., Civic Research Institute, ongoing newsletter) (http://www.civicresearchinstitute.com/law3.html)

THE SEX OFFENDER (Barbara K. Schwartz, ed., Civic Research Institute 2005) (http://www.civicresearchinstitute.com/bh9b.html)

THE SEXUAL PREDATOR (Anita Schlank, ed., Civic Research Institute 2006) (http://www.civicresearchinstitute.com/bh10b.html)

Franklin E. Zimring, AN AMERICAN TRAVESTY: LEGAL RESPONSES TO ADOLESCENT SEXUAL OFFENDING (Univ. of Chicago Press 2004) (http://www.press.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/16231.ctl)

Miscellaneous

COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION CENTER, Carnegie Mellon University, (http://www.cmu.edu/co-lab)

COMPREHENSIVE APPROACHES TO SEX OFFENDER MANAGEMENT (CASOM) DISCRETIONARY GRANT PROGRAM, (Authorized under 42 U.S.C. § 13941), Center for Sex Offender Management's (CSOM), Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice (http://www.csom.org)

News 10 Now, Proposal for Better Tracking Sexual Predators, (News 10 Now cable broadcast Sept. 9, 2006) (http://news10now.com/content/top_stories/default.asp?ArID=78665)

FBI Database, 42 U.S.C. §14071 (2004) (http://uscode.house.gov/search/criteria.shtml) (http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sec_42_00014072----000-.html)

Nancy Grace, Young People Subjected to Sexual Predators (CNN television broadcast May 3, 2006) (http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0605/03/ng.01.html)

INMATE RECOGNITION AND IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (IRIS), BI2 Technologies- Biometric Intelligence and Identification Technologies (http://bi2technologies.com/pdf/IRIS.pdf)

INTERNET CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN, Office for Victims of Crime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ovc/publications/bulletins/internet_2_2001/welcome.html)

INTERNET CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN TASK FORCE PROGRAM, Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice (http://www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org/programs/ProgSummary.asp?pi=3)

Jacob Wetterling Crimes Against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Program, 42 U.S.C. §14071 (2004) (http://uscode.house.gov/search/criteria.shtml) (http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sec_42_00014071----000-.html)

NATIONAL CRIMINAL INTELLIGENCE RESOURCE CENTER (NCIRC), U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Assistance (http://www.ncirc.gov)

NATIONAL SEX OFFENDER PUBLIC REGISTRY (NSOPR), U.S. Department of Justice (http://www.nsopr.gov)

NATIONAL SEX OFFENDER REGISTRY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (NSOR-AP), U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/nsorap98.htm)

REGIONAL INFORMATION SHARING SYSTEMS (RISS) PROGRAM, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Assistance (http://www.iir.com/riss)

SERIOUS AND VIOLENT OFFENDER REENTRY INITIATIVE, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice (http://www.reentry.gov) (http://www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org/programs/ProgSummary.asp?pi=25)

Pending Federal Legislation:

Carlie's Law, H.R. 3107, 109th Cong. (2005) (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h3107_ih.xml)

DNA Fingerprinting Act of 2005, H.R. 2796, 109th Cong. (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h2796_ih.xml)

Dru Sjodin National Sex Offender Public Database Act of 2005, H.R. 95, 109th Cong. (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h95_ih.xml)

Jessica Lunsford Act, H.R. 1505, 109th Cong. (2005) (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h1505_ih.xml)

Jessica Lunsford and Sarah Lunde Act H.R. 3407 (2005) (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h3407_ih.xml)

Prevention and Deterrence of Crimes Against Children Act of 2005, H.R. 2388, 109th Cong. (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h2388_ih.xml)

Protection Against Sexual Exploitation of Children Act of 2005, H.R. 2318, 109th Cong. (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h2318_ih.xml)

Protecting Our Children from Sexual Predators Act of 2005, H.R. 3772, 109th Cong. (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h3772_ih.xml)

Safe Children Safe Communities Act, H.R. 2659, 109th Cong. (2005) (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h2659_ih.xml)

Safe NOW Act of 2006, H.R. 4815, 109th Cong. (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h4815_ih.xml)

Save Our Children: Stop the Violent Predators Against Children DNA Act of 2005, H.R. 244, 109th Cong. (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h244_ih.xml)

Securing America’s Future through Enforcement Reform Act of 2005, H.R. 688, 109th Cong. (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h688_ih.xml)

Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act, H.R. 2423, 109th Cong. (2005) (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h2423_ih.xml), H.R. 4905 (2006) (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h4905_ih.xml)

Sexual Predator Sentencing Act, H.R. 2942, 109th Cong. (2005) (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h2942_ih.xml)

Sexual Predator Effective Monitoring Act of 2005, H.R. 3382, 109th Cong. (2005) (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/gpoxmlc109/h3382_ih.xml)

Books

HANDBOOK OF WORKPLACE DRUG TESTING (Liu RH & Bruce Goldberger, eds., AACC Press 1995) (http://www.aacc.org/AACC/publications/AACCPress)

ON-SITE DRUG TESTING (Jenkins AJ & Bruce Goldberger, eds., Humana Press, Inc. 2002) (http://www.humanapress.com/index.php)

Lawrence Taylor & Steven Oberman, DRUNK DRIVING DEFENSE (Aspen Publishers, 6th ed. 2005) (http://www.aspenpublishers.com/Product.asp?catalog%5Fname=Aspen&category%5Fname=&product%5Fid=0735554293&Mode=SEARCH&ProductType=M&cookie%5Ftest=1)

S. Kerrigan & Bruce Goldberger, Opioids, in PRINCIPLES OF FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY (Barry Levine, ed., AACC Press 1999) (http://www.aacc.org/AACC/publications/AACCPress)

S. Kerrigan & Bruce Goldberger, Drugs of Abuse - Body Fluids, in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FORENSIC SCIENCES (Jay A. Siegel, Geoffrey C. Knupfer & Pekka J. Saukko, eds., Academic Press 2000) (www.academicpress.com)

Y. H. Caplan & Bruce Goldberger, Blood, Urine and Other Fluid and Tissue Specimens for Alcohol Analyses, in MEDICAL-LEGAL ASPECT OF ALCOHOL (James C. Garriott, ed., 4th ed., Lawyers & Judges Publishing Co.) (www.lawyersandjudges.com)

Law Review/Science Journal Articles

R. A. Murray, P. L. Doering, L. A. Boothby, M. L. Merves, R. R. McCusker, C. W. Chronister & Bruce Goldberger: Putting an Ecstasy Test Kit to the Test – Harm Reduction or Harm Induction? 23 PHARMACOTHERAPY 1238 (2003) (http://www.pharmacotherapy.org)

Bruce Goldberger & Y. H. Caplan, Infrared Quantitative Evidential Breath-Alcohol Analyzers: In Vitro Accuracy and Precision Studies, 31 J. FORENSIC SCI. 16 (1986) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/763.htm)

Bruce Goldberger, Y. H. Caplan & J. R. Zettl, A Long-Term Field Experience with Breath Ethanol Collection Employing Silica Gel, 10 J. ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY 194 (1986) (http://www.jatox.com)

Bruce Goldberger & Y. H. Caplan, In Vitro Accuracy and Precision Studies Comparing Direct and Delayed Analysis of the Ethanol Content of Vapor, 32 J. FORENSIC SCI. 48 (1987) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/900.htm) or at PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=3819688&query_hl=3&itool=pubmed_docsum)

A.W. Jones, L. Hylén, E. Svensson & A. Helander, Storage of Specimens at 4°C or Addition of Sodium Fluoride (1%) Prevents Formation of Ethanol in Urine Inoculated with Candida Albicans, 23 J. ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY 333 (1999) (http://www.jatox.com/abstracts/1999/september/333-jones.htm)

Bruce Goldberger, E. J. Cone & L. Kadehjian, Letter to the Editor, Unsuspected Ethanol Ingestion through Soft Drinks and Flavored Beverages, 20 J. ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY 332 (1996) (http://www.jatox.com/abstracts/1996/sept/332-goldberger.htm)

Kimberly S. Keller, Sobering Up Daubert: Recent Issues Arising in Alcohol-Related Expert Testimony, 46 S. TEX. L. REV. 111-135 (2004) (http://www.stcl.edu/lr)

Rick M. Grams, Walking the Line of Admissibility: Why Maryland Courts Should Reexamine the Admissibility of Field Sobriety Tests, 34 U. BALT. L. REV. 365-388 (2005) (http://law.ubalt.edu/lawreview)

Newsletters

David Sobel, A New Tool for Better DUI/DWI Offense Reports, BETWEEN THE LINES (Nat’l Am. Prosecutors Research Inst. Nat’l Traffic Law Ctr., Alexandria, Va.), Fall 2005 at Vol. 14, No. 3 (http://www.ndaa-apri.org/publications/newsletters/between_the_lines_contents.html)

Kimberly N. Overton, NHTSA’s Prioritizing of Prosecutors: TSRP, What Does it Mean and How Can It Help You? (Stop, Look and Listen: Prosecutors at the Crash Scene), BETWEEN THE LINES (Nat’l Am. Prosecutors Research Inst. Nat’l Traffic Law Ctr., Alexandria, Va.), 2005, at Vol. 14, No. 1 (http://www.ndaa-apri.org/publications/newsletters/between_the_lines_contents.html)

David Wallace, Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws, Should We?, BETWEEN THE LINES (Nat’l Am. Prosecutors Research Inst. Nat’l Traffic Law Ctr., Alexandria, Va.), Winter 2005, at Vol. 14, No. 4 (http://www.ndaa-apri.org/publications/newsletters/between_the_lines_contents.html)

Update on Drug-Impaired Driving, BETWEEN THE LINES (Nat’l Am. Prosecutors Research Inst. Nat’l Traffic Law Ctr., Alexandria, Va.), 2004, at Vol. 13, No. 2 (http://www.ndaa-apri.org/publications/newsletters/between_lines_volume_13_number_2_2004.html)

Mark Neil, Low Manpower Sobriety Checkpoints in Rural and Small Communities, BETWEEN THE LINES (Nat’l Am. Prosecutors Research Inst. Nat’l Traffic Law Ctr., Alexandria, Va.), Spring 2006, at Vol. 15, No. 1 (http://www.ndaa-apri.org/publications/newsletters/between_the_lines_contents.html)

Reports

Thomas E. Page, THE DRUG RECOGNITION EXPERT (DRE) RESPONSE TO THE DRUG IMPAIRED DRIVER: AN OVERVIEW OF THE DRE PROGRAM, OFFICER, AND PROCEDURES (Article posted on: Los Angeles Drug Recognition Expert (http://www.ci.la.ca.us/LAPD/traffic/dre/drgdrvr.htm) & Am. Prosecutors Research Inst. (APRI) (http://www.ndaa- apri.org/apri/programs/traffic/thomas_page_article_facts.html) )

ENHANCED BAC VS. STANDARD PENALTIES (Report by: Natl. Traffic Law Ctr., Am. Prosecutors Research Inst. (APRI), April 2006) (www.ndaa-apri.org/pdf/enhanced_bac_statutes_2006.pdf)

Sarah Kerrigan, DRUG TOXICOLOGY FOR PROSECUTORS: TARGETING HARDCORE IMPAIRED DRIVERS (Report by: Natl. Traffic Law Ctr., Am. Prosecutors Research Inst. (APRI) 2004) (https://www.ndaa-apri.org/pdf/drug_toxicology_for_prosecutors_04.pdf)

Books

EFFECTIVE USE OF COURTROOM TECHNOLOGY: A JUDGE'S GUIDE TO PRETRIAL AND TRIAL (Federal Judicial Center and National Institute for Trial Advocacy 2001) (www.fjc.gov/public/pdf.nsf/lookup/CTtech00.pdf/$file/CTtech00.pdf or http://www.fjc.gov/library/fjc_catalog.nsf/autoframepage!openform&url=/library/fjc_catalog.nsf/DPublication!openform&parentunid=C6BF0CEF2D1F7B4985256CA30068D356)

Michael V. Ciresi, David W. Beehler, & Cole M. Fauver, Use of Electronic Courtroom Technology, in PATENT LITIGATION (Practicing Law Institute 2006) (http://www.pli.edu)

Timothy J. Malloy, Stephen F. Sherry and Jennifer E. Lacroix, Creating Demonstrative Exhibits and Videos, in PATENT LITIGATION (Practicing Law Institute 2005) (http://www.pli.edu)

Law Reviews and Periodicals

Gordon Bermant, The Development and Significance of Courtroom Technology: A Thirty-Year Perspective in Fast Forward Mode, 60 N.Y.U. ANN. SURV. AM. L. 621 (2005) (http://www.nyu.edu/pubs/annualsurvey)

Alan Blakley, Making the Most of Technology, 52 FED. LAW. 14 (Aug. 2005) (http://www.fedbar.org/magazine.html)

Jason Borenstein, DNA in the Legal System: The Benefits Are Clear, the Problems Aren't Always, 3 CARDOZO PUB. L. POL'Y & ETHICS J. 847 (Jan. 2006) (http://www.cardozo.yu.edu/cplpej)

Julian Borkowski, Court Technology in Canada, 12 WM. & MARY BILL RTS. J. 681 (Apr. 2004) (http://www.wm.edu/law/publications/wmborj)

Stephen Breaux, Forensic Animation: Admissibility & Applications, THE BRIEF, Summer 2002, at 26 (http://www.abanet.org/tips/brief/briefcurrent.html)

Gail M. Cookson & Carole Longendyke, Data Forensics, MD. B.J., Jan./Feb. 2006, at 66 (http://www.msba.org/departments/commpubl/publications/bar_journ/v39/v39n1.htm)

Halston T. Davis, Less Paper for Lawyers Is Profitable Technology, COLO. LAW., Aug. 2003, at 43 (http://www.cobar.org/tcl)

Sally Spears Dischinger & Lyle A. Wallace, Geographic Information Systems: Coming to a Courtroom Near You, COLO. LAW., Apr. 2005, at 11 (http://www.cobar.org/tcl)

Kim Dunning, Where Have All the Selectrics Gone?, ORANGE COUNTY LAW., July 2006, at 14 (http://www.ocbar.org/magazine.htm)

Stan Gibson, Evolving Courtroom Technology, GPSOLO, June 2006, at 30 (http://www.abanet.org/genpractice/magazine/2006/jun/courtroomtechnology.html)

Iria Giuffrida, Legal, Practical and Ethical Implications of the Use of Technology in European Courtrooms, 12 WM. & MARY BILL RTS. J. 745 (Apr. 2004) (http://www.wm.edu/law/publications/wmborj)

Katherine A. Godden, Cartoon Criminals: The Unclear Future of Computer Animation in the Minnesota Criminal Courtroom—State v. Stewart, 30 WM. MITCHELL L. REV. 355 (2003) (http://www.wmitchell.edu/lawreview)

Sam Guiberson, Digital Media as Evidence and Evidence as Media, CRIM. JUST., Spring 2004, at 57 (http://www.abanet.org/crimjust/cjmag/home.html)

Janis Graham Jack, Federal District Courts Go High-Tech, TEX. B.J., July 2005, at 571 (http://www.texasbar.com/Content/NavigationMenu/Publications/Texas_Bar_Journal1/Texas_Bar_Journal.htm)

Orin S. Kerr, Searches and Seizures in a Digital World, 119 HARV. L. REV. 531 (Dec. 2005) (http://www.harvardlawreview.org/issues/119/Dec05/Kerr.pdf)

Randall M. Kessler, One Lawyer's Journey to Outfit His Firm with the Best Family Law Gadgets and Gizmos, FAM. ADVOC., Winter 2006, at 26 (http://www.abanet.org/family/advocate/home.html)

Garrett E. Land, Judicial Assessment or Judicial Notice? An Evaluation of the Admissibility Standards for DNA Evidence and Proposed Solutions to Repress the Current Efforts to Expand Forensic DNA Capabilities, 9 J. MED. & L. 95 (Winter 2005) (http://www.msu.edu/~msujml)

Fredric I. Lederer, High-Tech Trial Lawyers and the Court: Responsibilities, Problems, and Opportunities, FED. LAW., Aug. 2005, at 41 (http://www.legaltechcenter.net/publications/articles/hightech.pdf)

Fredric I. Lederer, Technology-Augmented Courtrooms: Progress Amid a Few Complications, or the Problematic Interrelationship Between Court and Counsel, 60 N.Y.U. ANN. SURV. AM. L. 675 (2005) (http://www.nyu.edu/pubs/annualsurvey)

Fredric I. Lederer, Courtroom Technology: For Trial Lawyers, the Future Is Now, CRIM. JUST., Spring 2004, at 14 (http://www.abanet.org/crimjust/cjmag/19-1/Home.html)

Paul H. Luehr, Real Evidence, Virtual Crimes: The Role of Computer Forensic Experts, CRIM. JUST., Fall 2005, at 14 (http://www.abanet.org/crimjust/cjmag/20-3/home.html) (also available at http://www.strozllc.com/docs/pdf/Luehrreprint.pdf)

Ros Macdonald & Anne Wallace, Review of the Extent of Courtroom Technology in Australia, 12 WM. & MARY BILL RTS. J. 649 (Apr. 2004) (http://www.wm.edu/law/publications/wmborj)

Richard L. Marcus, E-Discovery & Beyond: Toward Brave New World or 1984?, 25 REV. LITIG. 633 (2006) (http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/trol)

Steven C. Marks, The Admissibility and Use of Demonstrative Aids, THE BRIEF 24, Summer 2003, at 24 (http://www.abanet.org/genpractice/magazine/2004/mar/demonstativeaides.html)

Monica M. Marquez, Admissibility of Computer-Generated Animations as Demonstrative Evidence, COLO. LAW., Jan. 2002, at 89 (http://www.cobar.org/tcl)

Eugenio Mollo, Jr., The Expansion of Video Conferencing Technology in Immigration Proceedings and Its Impact on Venue Provisions, Interpretation Rights, and the Mexican Immigrant Community, 9 J. GENDER RACE & JUST. 689 (Spring 2006) (http://www.law.uiowa.edu/journals/grj)

Laura W. Morgan, Gotcha! Finding the Stuff You Just Know They're Hiding, FAM. ADVOC., Winter 2006, at 10 (http://www.abanet.org/family/advocate/home.html)

Sharon Nelson & John Simek, Three Strikes and You're Out: Judges Talk About Technology in the Courtroom, 31 LAW PRAC. 24 (July/Aug. 2005) (http://www.abanet.org/lpm/magazine/articles/v31is5an17.html)

Steve Seidenberg, Video, Schmideo: The Logistical Pros and Practical Cons of Videoconferencing, 5 A.B.A. J. E-REPORT 4 (June 2, 2006) (http://www.abanet.org/journal/ereport/jn2video.html)

Carmel Sileo, Ruling on Computer Evidence Animates Pennsylvania High Court, TRIAL, Aug. 2006, at 74 (http://www.atla.org/Publications/Tier3/TRIAL.aspx)

Christopher Slobogin, The Structure of Expertise in Criminal Cases, 34 SETON HALL L. REV. 105 (2003) (http://law.shu.edu/journals/lawreview/lawrev/read/Back%20Issues/vol_34_1/Slobogin.pdf)

John M. Spires, Testimonial or Nontestimonial? The Admissibility of Forensic Evidence After Crawford v. Washington, 94 KY. L.J. 187 (2005-06) (http://www.uky.edu/Law/current_students/ky_law_journal.html)

Drury Stevenson, Forensic Linguistics: An Introduction to Language in the Justice System, by John Gibbons, 77 U. COLO. L. REV. 257 (Winter 2006) (book review) (http://www.colorado.edu/law/lawreview)

Elizabeth S. Strong, Technology Tools in the Classroom: How to Use Them, and How to Oppose Them, PRAC. LITIG., Jan. 2000, at 15 (http://www.ali-aba.org/aliaba/plit.asp)

Mark Tamminga, Technology in Practice. What Works? Who Gets It? Who Is Peter Bensinger, Jr. Q&A, LAW PRAC., Jan./Feb. 2006, at 26 (http://www.abanet.org/lpm/magazine/home.shtml) (also available at http://www.skipherman.com/FileUpload/Pubs/LP_Bensinger-low.pdf#search=%22Technology%20in%20Practice.%20What%20Works%3F%20Who%20Gets%20It%3F%20Who%20Is%20Peter%20Bensinger%22)

Steven T. Taylor, Beyond the Corner Office: Law Office as Litigation "Production Studio", LAW PRAC., Jan./Feb. 2005, at 44 (http://www.abanet.org/lpm/magazine/home.shtml)

William A. Tobin & William C. Thompson, Evaluating and Challenging Forensic Identification Evidence, 30 CHAMPION 12 (July 2006) (http://www.nacdl.org/public.nsf/01c1e7698280d20385256d0b00789923/8a20d040b54b23c9852571c500787130?OpenDocument)

Shelley Watts, Technology Creates Winning Visual Evidence, 36 TRIAL 68 (Sept. 2000) (http://www.atla.org/Publications/Tier3/TRIAL.aspx)

Theresa A. Webster, The Creative Side of Law: Techniques and Advice for Creating Effective Trial Graphics, 80 MICH. B.J. 38 (Mar. 2001) (http://www.michbar.org/journal)

Elan E. Weinreb, 'Counselor, Proceed with Caution': The Use of Integrated Evidence Presentation Systems and Computer-Generated Evidence in the Courtroom, 23 CARDOZO L. REV. 393 (Nov. 2001) (http://www.cardozolawreview.com)

Elizabeth C. Wiggins, What We Know and What We Need to Know About the Effects of Courtroom Technology, 12 WM. & MARY BILL RTS. J. 731 (Apr. 2004) (http://www.wm.edu/law/publications/wmborj)

Lawrence J. Wolfe & Pen Volkmann, Trial Technology…Coming Soon to a Courtroom Near You, 27 WYO. LAW. 24 (Aug. 2004) (http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/law/Student_life/lawreview.asp)

Search LLRX

Identity Theft: A Bibliography of Federal, State, Consumer and News Resources
By Sabrina I. Pacifici
Sabrina I. Pacifici is the Founder, Editor, and Publisher of LLRX.com, which she launched in November 1996. Links to her articles and presentations on LLRX.com are available here. Sabrina is also the author of the current awareness fact blog on law and technology news, beSpacific, which she updates daily. The site's database hosts more than 11,000 entries, and visitors may search or browse for information by date, topic or keywords. One of the topics on which she regularly reports is ID theft. Sabrina has several decades of experience as a law library director and researcher, and has implemented and managed a range of cutting-edge technology projects including law firm intranets, websites and enterprise-wide blogs.

Catherine Guthrie is a staff researcher at the National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology & the Law at Stetson University Law School in Gulfport, Florida. She earned her J.D. from Stetson in 2003 and is a member of the Florida Bar. Published on February 17, 2003, and updated on September 17, 2006 by Sabrina I. Pacifici and Catherine Guthrie

Federal and State Resources on ID Theft
Federal Resources
Selected CRS Reports Available on the web
Selected Law Review and Law Journal Articles on ID Theft
Federal Laws
Selected Consumer and Industry Resources on ID Theft
Additional bibliographic information about identity theft

State Resources
Selected Books on ID Theft
Recent GAO Reports
Selected News Articles on ID Theft
Federal Resources

The Federal Trade Commission (http://www.ftc.gov) serves as clearinghouse to receive consumer complaints and to provide them with assistance. The FTC also offers an ID Theft Alert website (http://www.consumer.gov/idtheft) that reviews how identity thieves work, and provides links to government reports and Congressional testimony, law enforcement updates, and other identity theft sites. The ID Theft Alert website also offers multiple publications and forms, including:

Identity Crisis... What to Do If Your Identity Is Stolen, August 2005, http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/credit/idcrisis.pdf

'Active Duty' Alerts Help Protect Military Personnel from Identity Theft, July 2005, http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/alerts/dutyalrt.pdf

Take Charge: Fighting Back Against Identity Theft, June 2005 http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/credit/idtheft.pdf

How Not to Get Hooked by a Phishing Scam, June 2005 http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/alerts/phishingalrt.pdf

What To Do If Your Personal Information Has Been Compromised, March 2005, http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/alerts/infocompalrt.pdf

National and State Trends in Fraud and Identity Theft, January – December 2004, http://www.consumer.gov/sentinel/pubs/Top10Fraud2004.pdf

Remedying the Effects of Identity Theft http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/credit/idtsummary.pdf

Privacy: Tips for Protecting Your Personal Information, 2002, http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/alerts/pritipsalrt.pdf

ID Theft: When Bad Things Happen To Your good Name http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/credit/idtheft.htm: a step-by-step guide to prevent ID theft that also provides useful documentation on services and resources available to those who are already victims of fraud.

ID Theft Complaint Input Form (https://rn.ftc.gov/dod/widtpubl$.startup?Z_ORG_CODE=PU03)

ID Theft Affidavit (http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/credit/affidait.pdf)

Privacy Choices for Your Personal Financial Information, (http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/credit/prichoices.pdf)\

Consumer Sentinel Database (http://www.consumer.gov/sentinel/trends.htm)

Top complaint categories (http://www.consumer.gov/sentinel/Sentinel_CY-2005/CS_TopComplaint_Categovries.pdf)

FTC Releases Top 10 Consumer Fraud Complaint Categories -- Identity Theft Again Leads the List, January 5, 2006

Other Federal Resources

The President's Identity Theft Task Force Interim Recommendations, September 19, 2006 http://www.ftc.gov/os/2006/09/060916interimrecommend.pdf

Executive Order: Strengthening Federal Efforts to Protect Against Identity Theft, May 10, 2006. Bureau of Justice Statistics

Identity Theft, 2004 (http://www.ojp.gov/bjs/abstract/it04.htm): Offers information about ID theft victimization and its consequences from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCS)

Department of the Treasury

Identity Theft Resource page: (http://www.treas.gov/offices/domestic-finance/financial-institution/cip/identity-theft.shtml) Department of Justice

Criminal Division, Fraud Section: (http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/fraud.html)

Identity Theft and Fraud: (http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/fraud/idtheft.html)

Internet Fraud: (http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/fraud/Internet.htm)

In the Spotlight: Identity Theft, (http://www.ncjrs.gov/spotlight/identity_theft/summary.html) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

FDIC Consumer Alerts (http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/alerts/index.html)

FDIC Consumer Alerts - Phishing Scam (http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/alerts/phishing.html)

FDIC Consumer Alerts - Identity Theft (http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/alerts/theft.html)

FDIC Consumer Alerts - Check Clearing for the 21st Century (Check 21 Act) - http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/alerts/check21.html

FDIC Consumer Alerts - Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACT Act) - http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/alerts/facta.html

FDIC Consumer Alerts - Privacy Act Issues under Gramm-Leach-Bliley - http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/alerts/glba.html

When a Criminal's Cover Is Your Identity (<>http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/privacy/criminalscover) Social Security Administration

The Social Security Administration provides identity theft hotline numbers, information on reclaiming identity, Social Security card replacement; information on correcting records and how to obtain a new Social Security number (http://www.ssa.gov/pubs/idtheft.htm)

Identity Theft and Your Social Security Number (http://www.ssa.gov/pubs/10064.html) U.S. Postal Inspectors

Identity Theft page: (http://www.usps.com/postalinspectors/idthft_ncpw.htm)

Federal Laws
Federal Identity Theft Laws
Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act, as amended by Public Law 105-318, 112 Stat. 3007, October 30, 1998 (http://www.ftc.gov/os/statutes/itada/itadact.pdf)
Identity Theft Penalty Enhancement Act, as amended by Public Law 108-275, 118 Stat. 831 July 15, 2004 (http://www.consumer.gov/idtheft/pdf/penalty_enhance_act.pdf)
Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003, Public Law 108-159, 117 Stat. 1952, December 4, 2003 (PDF)
Fair Debt Collections Practices Act (http://www.ftc.gov/os/statutes/fdcpa/fdcpact.htm)
Identity Theft Consumer Notification Act, 108th Congress, H.R. 818, Pending (http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d108:HR00818:@@@L&summ2=m&)
Identity Theft Prevention Act of 2005, 109th Congress, H.R. 220, pending (http://www.govtrack.us/data/us/bills.text/109/h/h220.pdf)
Federal Credit Laws
Consumer Credit Protection Act, to locate information about identity theft within this law enter the phrase "identity theft" in the search box http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode15/usc_sup_01_15_10_41.html
Fair Credit Reporting Act: This version of the FCRA was made available by the FTC on December 1, 2005 (http://www.ftc.gov/os/statutes/fcradoc.pdf)
Fair Credit Billing Act (http://www.ftc.gov/os/statutes/fcb/fcb.pdf), see also (http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/credit/fcb.htm)
Truth in Lending Act, Public Law 90-321 (Title I § 104), 82 Stat. 147, May 29, 1968 (http://www.fdic.gov/regulations/laws/rules/6500-200.html)
Electronic Funds Transfer Act (http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode15/usc_sec_15_00001693----000-.html)
Federal False Identification Laws
False Identification Crime Control Act of 1982, Public Law 97-398, 96 Stat. 2009, December 31, 1982 (http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d097:HR06946:@@@L&summ2=m&)
Internet False Identification Act of 2000, Public Law 106-578, 114 Stat. 3075, December 28, 2000 (PDF) Federal Privacy Laws
Privacy Act of 1971, Public Law 93-579, 88 Stat. 1896, December 31, 1974 (Link) Drivers privacy Protection Act of 1994, Public Law103-322 (Title XXX), amended by 106-69, 108 Stat. 2099, September 13, 1994 (PDF)
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), Public Law 104-191, 110 Stat. 1936, August 21, 1996 (PDF)
Gramm-Leach- Bliley Act of 1999 (also known as the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999), Public Law 106-102, 113 Stat. 1338, November 12, 1999 (PDF)
Social Security Number Confidentiality Act of 2000, Public Law 106-433, 114 Stat. 1910, November 6, 2000 (PDF)

Links to House and Senate Committees with jurisdiction
House Energy and Commerce Committee, http://energycommerce.house.gov
House Judiciary Committee, http://judiciary.house.gov
Senate Commerce Committee, http://commerce.senate.gov/public
Senate Judiciary Committee, http://judiciary.senate.gov

State Resources
General
National White Collar Crime Center (NW3C): "NW3C is a congressionally-funded, non-profit corporation. Through a combination of training and critical support services, we equip state and local law enforcement agencies with skills and resources they need to tackle emerging economic and cyber crime problems."

State Law Compilations

National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) Identity Theft Information, lists state identity theft laws compiled by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, http://www.ncsl.org/programs/lis/privacy/idt-statutes.htm. Also offers links to articles and publications on Identity Theft (http://www.ncsl.org/programs/lis/privacy/idt-pubs.htm)

National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) 2006 Enacted Identity Theft Legislation, http://www.ncsl.org/programs/lis/privacy/IDTheft2006.htm and 2006 Introduced Identity Theft Legislation
Identity Theft Resource Center's list of Federal and State identity theft laws (http://www.idtheftcenter.org/statefedlaws.shtml)
List of state criminal identity theft laws ( http://www.consumer.gov/idtheft/law_laws_state_criminal.htm )
List of state Credit Information Blocking laws ( http://www.consumer.gov/idtheft/law_laws_credit_info.htm )
List of state Fraud Alerts laws ( http://www.consumer.gov/idtheft/law_laws_fraud.htm )
List of state Social Security Numbers laws ( http://www.consumer.gov/idtheft/law_laws_social.htm ) Other State Resources
Briefing Paper on ID Theft: indicates the language various states use to categorize ID theft, which is especially useful when conducting state statutory research (http://www.ncsl.org/programs/lis/privacy/LEGIS1033.htm)
Links to State Attorneys General websites (http://www.findlaw.com/11stategov/indexag.html)

Specific resources listed alphabetically by state and in some instances, by city
Alabama Office of Attorney General, General Guide for Victims of Identity Theft ( http://www.familyprotection.alabama.gov/identity.cfm )
Alaska USA, Federal Credit Union, Identity Theft page ( http://www.alaskausa.org/help/privacyProtection.asp )
Alaska Attorney General, Notice for Veterans About Identity Theft (http://www.law.state.ak.us/pdf/consumer/et-id-theft-notice.pdf)
Arizona (Phoenix Police Department), Identity Theft, Learn to Protect Yourself (http://www.ci.phoenix.az.us/POLICE/idthef1.html)
Arizona Identity Theft Statistics ( http://www.maricopacountyattorney.org/SpecPros/identity_arizona.asp )
Arizona Crime Victims Support ( http://www.azVictims.com/identity/default.asp )
Arizona Attorney General's STOP Identity Theft ( http://www.azag.gov/cybercrime/ID_Theft.html )
Arkansas Office of the Attorney General, Protect Yourself From Identity Theft (http://www.ag.state.ar.us/consumer/ca32.htm)
General Guide for Victims of Identity Theft, Office of the Attorney General, State of California ( http://ag.ca.gov/idtheft )
California ID Theft Registry, Office of the Attorney General, State of California (http://caag.state.ca.us/idtheft/general.htm)
California Office of privacy Protection ( http://www.privacy.ca.gov/coer/identitytheft.htm )
California Department of Motor eVehicles, Fraud and Identity Theft Information (http://www.dm.ca.gov/consumer/fraud.htm)
Colorado Motor Vehicle Investigations Unit ( http://www.reenue.state.co.us/m_dir/wrap.asp?incl=minwebpage )
Colorado Attorney General Highlights Identity Theft Page ( http://www.agov.state.co.us/idtheft/IDTheft.cfm )
Connecticut Attorney General's Office, Identity Theft Alert ( http://www.ct.gov/ag/cwp/iew.asp?a=2066&q=292644 )
District of Columbia, Identity Theft page ( http://occ.dc.gov/occ/cwp/iew,a,1223,q,635085.asp )
Delaware Attorney General, Avoiding Identity Theft ( http://www.state.de.us/attgen/publications/pdf/idtheft.pdf )
Delaware Attorney General, Directions for Reporting Identity Theft and Completing the Identity Theft Victim Kit (http://www.state.de.us/attgen/fraud/consumerprotection/idtheft.shtml)
Delaware Attorney General, Identity Theft (PDF)
Consumer Credit Counseling Service of Maryland and Delaware (a nonprofit), Identity Theft page ( http://www.cccs-inc.org/cd/identity_theft.html )
Florida Attorney General, Identity Theft page ( http://myfloridalegal.com/identitytheft )
Florida Attorney General, Florida's Identity Theft Victim Kit ( http://myfloridalegal.com/idkitprintable.pdf )
Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' Identity Theft web site ( http://800helpfla.com/identity.html )
Georgia governor's Office of Consumer Affairs, Identity Theft - Instructions for Victims ( http://www.georgia.gov/00/article/0,2086,5426814_39039081_39480072,00.html )
Georgia Consumer's Guide to Identity Theft ( http://www2.state.ga.us/GaOCA/broidtheft.htm )
Georgia Stop Identity Theft Network, http://www.stopidentitytheft.org [If you have further questions, please contact Javoyne Hicks in the Special Prosecutions Section at 404.651.9340]
Hawaii Department of Commerce & Consumer Affairs, Identity Theft Information (http://www.hawaii.gov/dcca/quicklinks/id_theft_info )
Hawaii Identity Theft and Fraud Task Force (HIT Fraud) http://www.hawaii.gov/dcca/quicklinks/id_theft_info/
Idaho Office of Attorney General, Identity Theft page (http://www2.state.id.us/ag/consumer/identitytheft.htm )
Illinois Attorney General's Identity Theft Hotline (http://www.ag.state.il.us/consumers/hotline.html )
Illinois Attorney General's Things You Should Know About... Identity Theft ( http://www.illinoisattorneygeneral.gov/consumers/idtheft.html )
Indiana Office of Attorney General, Identity Theft Information ( http://www.indianaconsumer.com/consumer_guide/identity_theft.asp )
Iowa Attorney General, Protect Yourself from "Identity Theft" (http://www.state.ia.us/government/ag/consumer/adisories/ident_theft.html)
Iowa Department of Transportation Identity Theft page (http://www.dot.state.ia.us/md/ome/theft.htm )
Iowa Attorney General's brochure on How to Avid Identity Theft (http://www.state.ia.us/government/ag/idaoid.htm )
Kansas Attorney General's Identity Theft publication (http://www.ksag.org/Publications/ConsumerCorner/ID/index.htm )
Kansas Department of Insurance, information about Identity Theft Insurance (http://www.ksinsurance.org/consumers/id_theft.htm )
Kansas Bureau of Investigation's How to Protect Yourself from Identity Theft brochure ( http://www.kansas.gov/kbi/PDF/brochures/Identity%20Theft.pdf )
Kentucky Attorney General Identity Theft page (http://ag.ky.gov/consumer/identity/default.htm)
Kentucky Attorney General Stumbo Supports Identity Theft Legislation (Link)
Louisiana Department of Justice, Identity Theft (http://www.ag.state.la.us/publications/identitytheft.htm)
Louisiana Attorney General Consumer Alerts, New Legislation Will Help Fight Identity Theft ( http://www.ag.state.la.us/calerts/alert0004.aspx )
Maine, Department of the Secretary of State, Identity Fraud Information ( http://www.maine.gov/sos/IDFraud.htm )
Maine Attorney General, Identity Theft page (
Maine, Credit Reports and Identity Theft publication ( http://www.maine.gov/pfr/bkg/creditreportbrochure.htm )
Maryland Attorney General, Identity Theft: What to Do if It Happens to You (http://www.oag.state.md.us/consumer/idtheft.htm)
Consumer Credit Counseling Service of Maryland and Delaware (a nonprofit), Identity Theft page ( http://www.cccs-inc.org/cd/identity_theft.html )
Massachusetts Attorney General Consumer Alert, Reilly Alerts Identity Theft Victims to Additional Protections under New Federal Law ( http://www.agov.state.ma.us/sp.cfm?pageid=1610 )
Massachusetts Attorney General Consumer Alert, Reilly Announces Comprehensive Approach to Identity Theft ( http://www.agov.state.ma.us/sp.cfm?pageid=986&id=1374 )
Massachusetts Attorney General, Identity Fraud: It Can Happen to You! ( http://www.agov.state.ma.us/filelibrary/ident4.pdf )
Michigan Department of Attorney General, Identity Theft Information for Michigan Consumers ( http://www.michigan.gov/ag/0,1607,7-164--80479--,00.html )
Michigan Department of Attorney General, Free Annual Credit Reports-What Consumers Should Know ( http://www.michigan.gov/ag/0,1607,7-164-20942-111010--,00.html )
Crime Prevention Association of Michigan (CPAM), Identity Theft page ( http://www.preventcrime.net/identity_theft.htm )
Minnesota Office of the Attorney General, Guarding Your privacy (http://www.ag.state.mn.us/consumer/privacy/GuardingYprivacy/Default.htm)
Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Identity Theft page ( http://www.dps.state.mn.us/DS/DrierLicense/DL%20Info/idTheft.htm )
Mississippi Office of the Attorney General, Identification Theft booklet ( http://www.agov.state.ms.us/diisions/consumer/idtheftbook.pdf )
Mississippi Office of the Attorney General, Identification Theft pamphlet ( http://www.agov.state.ms.us/diisions/consumer/idpamphlet.pdf )
Mississippi Insurance Department, A Rise in Identity Theft Spurs New Type of Insurance (http://www.doi.state.ms.us/consumer/alerts/alert021606.htm)
Missouri Attorney General, Identity Theft page ( http://www.agov.mo.gov/publications/idtheft.htm )
Montana Department of Justice and Attorney General, Identity Theft page ( http://doj.state.mt.us/consumer/consumer/identitytheft.asp)
Nebraska Attorney General, to access the Identity Theft page click on the provided website, select Consumer Protection, and then click on Identity Theft Information (http://www.agov.state.ne.us)
Nebraska Attorney General and Department of Justice brochure (http://www.agov.state.ne.us/content/Id_Theft_p1.pdf)
Nevada Department of Justice, Office of the Attorney General, Identity Theft Passport Program (http://ag.state.n.us/menu/passport/introduction.htm)
Nevada Department of Justice, Office of the Attorney General, Protect Yourself From Identity Theft (http://ag.state.n.us/menu/passport/protect_yourself.htm)
New Hampshire Department of Justice, Identity Theft (http://www.nh.gov/nhdoj/consumer/sourcebook/identity.html)
New Jersey Official State Website, Identity Theft page (http://www.nj.gov/identitytheft)
New Jersey Division of Consumer Affairs, Identity Theft (http://www.state.nj.us/lps/ca/idtheft.htm)
New Jersey State Police, Identity Theft Victim's Reference Guide (http://www.state.nj.us/njsp/tech/identity.html)
New Mexico Attorney General, Identity Theft page (http://www.agov.state.nm.us/know/idtheft/idtheft.htm)
New York State Office of the State Attorney General, Identity Theft: How to Protect Yourself (http://www.oag.state.ny.us/consumer/tips/identity_theft.html)
New York State Office of the State Attorney General, Identity Theft: What To Do If You’ve Been Victimized (http://www.oag.state.ny.us/consumer/tips/identity_theft.html)
North Carolina Department of Justice / Attorney General, Tips for Veterans and Military Personnel Who May Be at Risk (PDF)
North Carolina Department of Justice / Attorney General, Identity Theft page (http://www.ncdoj.com/consumerprotection/cp_idtheft.jsp)
North Carolina, Department of Transportation DM, Identity Theft page (http://www.ncdot.org/dm/other_serices/licensetheft/identityTheft.html)
North Dakota Attorney General, Identity Theft page (http://www.ag.state.nd.us/cpat/idtheft/idtheft.htm)
North Dakota Attorney General, Identity Theft Fraud Alert (http://www.ag.nd.gov/DataTheftFraudAlertInfo.pdf)
North Dakota Attorney General, Identity Theft brochure (http://www.ag.state.nd.us/Brochures/IdentityTheft.pdf)
North Dakota Attorney General, Column on Consumer Issues, “Phishing” Scam (http://www.ag.state.nd.us/TGTBT/2006/03-08-06.pdf)
North Dakota Attorney General, Defending Your privacy (http://www.ag.state.nd.us/CPAT/PDFFiles/privacy2.PDF)
North Dakota Attorney General, Is Your Private Life Really Private (http://www.ag.state.nd.us/CPAT/PDFFiles/privacy1.PDF)
North Dakota Attorney General, What is Identity Theft (http://www.ag.state.nd.us/CPAT/PDFFiles/IdentityTheft1.PDF)
North Dakota Attorney General, Avoiding Identity Theft (http://www.ag.state.nd.us/CPAT/PDFFiles/IdentityTheft2.PDF)
North Dakota Attorney General, Stolen Identity, Now What (http://www.ag.state.nd.us/CPAT/PDFFiles/STOLENIDENTITY.pdf)
North Dakota Attorney General, Social Security Numbers (http://www.ag.state.nd.us/CPAT/PDFFiles/socialsecuritynumbers.pdf)
Ohio Attorney General, Identity Theft Verification Passport (Link), this page also contains links to publications and teaching materials about identity theft
Ohio Consumers, includes articles, links and a slide show about identity theft (http://www.ohioconsumers.org)
Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation (OSBI), Identity Theft Passport (http://www.osbi.state.ok.us/IdentityTheft.html)
Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation (OSBI), Identity Theft Passport Request, (Link)
Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation (OSBI), Identity Theft Preventative Actions (PDF)
University of Oklahoma Police Department, Identity Theft page http://www.ou.edu/oupd/idtheft.htm
Oregon Congresswoman Darlene Hooley, Leading the Way to Prevent Identity Theft (Link)
District of Oregon, Senator Hoar's Identity Theft: The Crime of the New Millennium (http://www.cybercrime.gov/usamarch2001_3.htm)
Pennsylvania Attorney General, Protecting Your Personal Information (http://www.attorneygeneral.gov/consumers.aspx?id=298)
Pennsylvania Attorney General, Protecting Yourself From Identity Theft (http://www.attorneygeneral.gov/consumers.aspx?id=226)
Pennsylvania Attorney General, How to Avoid Identity Theft (PDF)
Pennsylvania Attorney General, Identity Theft (http://www.attorneygeneral.gov/consumers.aspx?id=289)
Rhode Island Department of Attorney General, Identity Theft - What if I am a Victim of Identity Theft? (Link) to view this text scroll down to the bottom of the web page
Rhode Island Department of Labor and Training, Regulations for Identity Theft Protection (http://www.dlt.ri.gov/pdf/IdentityTheftRules41006.pdf)
South Carolina Consumer Affairs, Identity Theft Flyer (http://www.scconsumer.gov/publications/flyers/id_theft.pdf)
University of South Carolina, Identity Theft website (http://www.sc.edu/identity)
South Dakota Attorney General, Identity Theft page, (http://www.state.sd.us/attorney/office/divisions/consumer/idtheft/default.asp)
Tennessee Division of Consumer Affairs, Identity Theft Tips may be available upon request (http://state.tn.us/consumer)
Texas Attorney General, Identity Theft page (http://www.oag.state.tx.us/consumer/idtheft.shtml)
Texas Department of Public Safety, Steps to Help Prevent Identity Theft , April 2002 (http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/director_staff/public_information/pr040902.htm)
Texas, Fort Worth Police Department, Identity Theft page (http://www.fortworthpd.com/identitytheft.htm)
Utah, Identity Theft Reporting Information System (http://www.idtheft.utah.gov/pn)
Utah Attorney General, General Consumer Assistance, Identity Fraud, http://attygen.state.ut.us/CA/IdFraudMain.htm
Vermont Attorney General, Identity Theft page (http://www.atg.state.t.us/display.php?smod=198)
Virginia Attorney General, Identity Theft page (http://www.oag.state.a.us/FAQs/FAQ_IDTheft.html)
Virginia Department for the Aging, Identity Theft page (http://www.aging.state.a.us/identitytheft.htm)
Washington Attorney General, Identity Theft page (http://www.atg.wa.gov/consumer/idprivacy/idtheft_index.shtml)
West Virginia Attorney General, Identity Theft page (http://www.wagov.us/frameset.html)
Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade & Consumer Protection, Office of privacy Protection (http://www.privacy.wi.gov)
Wisconsin State Law Library, Identity Theft page (http://wsll.state.wi.us/topic/consumer/idtheft.html)
Wyoming Department of Transportation, Stolen License / Identity Theft page (http://www.dot.state.wy.us/Default.jsp?sCode=draa)

Recent GAO Reports
Identity Theft: Some Outreach Efforts to Promote Awareness of New Consumer Rights Are Under Way GAO-05-710 June 30, 2005
Personal Information: Key Federal Privacy Laws Do Not Require Information Resellers to Safeguard All Sensitive Data GAO-06-674 June 26, 2006
Veterans Affairs: Leadership Needed to Address Information Security Weaknesses and Privacy Issues GAO-06-866T June 14, 2006
Privacy: Preventing and Responding to Improper Disclosures of Personal Information GAO-06-833T June 8, 2006
Social Security Numbers: More Could be Done to Protect SSNs GAO-06-586T March 30, 2006
Social Security Numbers: Federal and State Laws Restrict Use of SSNs, Yet Gaps Remain GAO-05-1016T September 15, 2005
Information Security: Emerging Cybersecurity Issues Threaten Federal Information Systems GAO-05-231 May 13, 2005
Credit Reporting Literacy: Consumers Understood the Basics but Could Benefit from Targeted Educational Efforts GAO-05-223 March 16, 2005
Social Security Numbers: Governments Could Do More to Reduce Display in Public Records and on Identity Cards GAO-05-59 November 9, 2004

Selected CRS Reports Available on the web
RS22460 - June 22, 2006
Theft of Veterans' Personal Information, and Department of Veterans Affairs Information Technology Reorganization: Issues for Congress
RL33287 - February 28, 2006
Data Security: Protecting the Privacy of Phone Records RL33231 - January 11, 2006
The Internal Revenue Service’s Use of Private Debt Collection Agencies: Current Status and Issues for Congress RL33199 - December 16, 2005
Personal Data Security Breaches: Context and Incident Summaries RS22082 - March 16, 2005
Identity Theft: The Internet Connection RS21083 - September 12, 2003
Identity Theft and the Fair Credit Reporting Act: An Analysis of TRW v. Andrews and Current Legislation RL31919 - September 12, 2003
Remedies Available to Victims of Identity Theft RL31752 - February 21, 2003
Identity Theft: An Overview of Proposed Legislation in the 107th Congress

Miscellaneous
Selected Consumer and Industry Resources on ID Theft

AARP offers multiple publications and reports on identity theft. Also offers a free online seminar about Identity Theft (http://www.aarp.org/learntech/personal_finance/identity_theft_intro.html)

AARP - Into the Breach: Security Breaches and Identity Theft/Research Report July 2006

American Bankers Association Education Foundation (http://www.aba.com/Consumer+Connection/CNC_contips_idtheft.htm)

National Criminal Justice Reference Service - In the Spotlight: Identity Theft, (http://www.ncjrs.gov/spotlight/identity_theft/summary.html

Looks to Good to be True - "Federal law enforcement and industry taskforce campaign to protect consumers from cyber outlaws."

Stay Safe Online - National Cyber Security Alliance

Consumer Reports WebWatch Finds Identity Theft Fears, Trust Concerns Turning Significant Number of U.S. Web Users Away

Credit Union National Association (http://www.cuna.org/initiaties/idtheft.html)

Identity Theft Resource Center ( http://www.idtheftcenter.org/index.shtml )

Fraud.org

Bank of America Privacy Pages (http://www.bankofamerica.com/privacy)

Howstuffworks: How Identity Theft Works (http://www.howstuffworks.com/identity-theft.htm)

National Consumers League (http://www.nclnet.org)

Consumer @ction (http://www.consumer-action.org)

Fight Identity Theft (http://www.fightidentitytheft.com/index.html)

101 Identity Theft (http://101-identitytheft.com)

StopBadware.org Better Business Bureau

Security & Privacy - Made Simpler - a customer data toolkit

2006 Identity Fraud Survey Report - released by the Council of Better Business Bureaus and Javelin Strategy & Research

Quiz on Protecting Yourself from ID Theft Privacy Rights Clearinghouse - Identity Theft Resources

Identity Theft Fact Sheets

Other Identity Theft Publications

Identity Theft Quizzes

Victims' Stories and Hotline Cases

Other Identity Theft Sites - a customer data toolkit

A Chronology of Data Breaches Reported Since the ChoicePoint Incident Selected Books on ID Theft
Identity Theft: A Legal Research Guide, by Reba A. Best, 2004.
Your Evil Twin: Behind the Identity Theft Epidemic, by Bob Sullivan, 2004.
The Digital Person: Technology and Privacy in the Information Age (Ex Machina: Law, Technology, and Society) by Daniel J. Solove, 2004.

Selected News Articles on ID Theft
Ponemon Institute Releases National Survey on Confidential Data at Risk, August 15, 2006
Industry, Government Fret Over Tactics for Fighting Data Theft, by Marcia Coyle, The National Law Journal, August 10, 2006.
Risky Business? How Multinationals' Outsourcing Involving Customer Data Can Lead to Identity Theft and Other Fraud, by Anita Ramasastry, July 10, 2006
Identity Thief Finds Easy Money Hard to Resist, July 2006
PC With Personal Data on More than 500,000 NY Workers Missing, July 24, 2006
Gartner Says Rash of Personal Data Thefts Shows Social Security Numbers Can No Longer Be Sole Proof of Identity for Enterprises, June 5, 2006.
Experts Offer Advice to Prevent ID Theft, AP, May 23, 2006
Preventing Identity Theft and Data Security Breaches: The Problem With Regulation, by Clyde Wayne Crews and Brooke
Oberwetter, Competitive Enterprise Institute, May 9, 2006 (24 pages, PDF)
Death is No Defense Against ID Theft, December 2005
2005 Worst Year for Breaches of Computer Security, December 2005
Grand Theft Identity - Be careful, we've been told, or you may become a fraud victim. But now it seems that corporations are failing to protect our secrets. How bad is the problem, and how can we fix it. Newsweek, July 4, 2005.
Identity Theft Resources for Police, April 2005
ID Theft Worst Fraud in Record Year, January 2003 (http://tinyurl.com/58u7)
How to Foil Data Thieves, Hackers, January 2003 (http://www.wired.com/news/infostructure/0,1377,57302,00.html)
9-Digit 'Social' Overused as ID, January 2003 (http://www.wired.com/news/privacy/0,1848,57395,00.html)
Cops Bust Massie ID Theft Ring, November 2002 (http://www.wired.com/news/privacy/0,1848,56567,00.html)
Site Clues Consumers into Identity Theft, June 2002 (http://tinyurl.com/58tc)
Identity Theft: Fact and Fiction, September 2002 (http://news.com.com/2010-1075-958328.html)
Identity Heist!, February 2002 (http://www.csmonitor.com/2002/0219/p17s02-wmcn.html)

Selected Law Review and Law Journal Articles on ID Theft • Solove, Daniel J. and Hoofnagle, Chris Jay, A Model Regime of Privacy Protection (Version 3.0). Illinois Law Review, Vol. 2006, p. 357, 2006. Matwyshyn, Andrea M., "Technoconsen(t)sus" (May 2006). Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=904075 Victor M. DiBattista; Identity Theft: Is Your Security Blanket Tucked In?; 123 Banking Law Journal 316, Number 4; April 2006 Anderson, Keith B., Identity Theft: Does the Risk Vary With Demographics? (August 2005). Federal Trade Commission, Bureau of Economics Working Paper No. 279 Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=795427 Cheney, Julia S., Identity Theft: Do Definitions Still Matter? (August 2005). FRB of Philadelphia Payment Cards Center Discussion Paper Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=815684 Bermann, Sol, Privacy and Access to Public Records in the Digital Age (April 2006). Ohio State Public Law Working Paper No. 62 Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=899621 • Jennifer Lynch; Identity Theft in Cyberspace: Crime Control Methods and Their Effectiveness in Combating Phishing Attacks; 20 Berkeley Technology Law Journal 259; 2005 • Daivd E. Libman; Identity Theft: Who Cares about Sticks and Stones?; 47 Orange County Lawyer 41; April 2005 Hoofnagle, Chris Jay, Putting Identity Theft on Ice: Freezing Credit Reports to Prevent Lending to Impostors. Stanford University Press, 2005 Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=650162 • Identity Theft: Your good Name gone Bad; 68 Texas Bar Journal 95; January 2005 • Daivd Narkiewicz; Identity Theft: A Rapidly Growing Technology Problem; 26 Pennsylvania Lawyer 58; May/June 2004 • Catherine Pastrikos; Identity Theft Statutes: Which Will Protect Americans the Most?; 67 Albany Law Review 1137; 2004 • Erin Leigh Sylester; Identity Theft: Are the Elderly Targeted?; 3 Connecticut Public Interest Law Journal 371; Spring 2004 • Holly K. Towle; Identity Theft: Myths, Methods, and New Law; 30 Rutgers Computer and Technology Law Journal 237; 2004 • Erin Suzanne Dais; A World Wide Problem on the World Wide Web: International Responses to Transnational Identity Theft via the Internet; 12 Washington University Journal of Law and Policy 201; 2003 • Peter C. Alexander; Identity Theft and Bankruptcy Expungement; 77 American Bankruptcy Institute Journal 409; Fall 2003 • Chris B. Petrie; Identity (Theft) Crisis!; 26 Wyoming Lawyer 22; October 2003 • Stephen F. Miller; Someone Out There Is Using Your Name: A Basic Primer on Federal Identity Theft Law; 50 Federal Lawyer 11; January 2003 • Erin M. Shoudt; Identity Theft: Victims "Cry Out" for Reform; 52 American University Law Review; October 2002 • Sean B. Hoar; Identity Theft: The Crime of the New Millennium; 80 Oregon Law Review 1423; Winter 2001 • Dae Maxfield; Invasion of the I.D. Snatchers: Fighting Identity Theft; 13 South Carolina Lawyer 18; September/October 2001

Additional bibliographic information about identity theft

Identity Theft: Outline of Federal Statutes and Bibliography of Select Resources by Sara R. Paul, published September 18, 2005

Annotated Bibliography of Resources on Identity Theft by Sabrina I. Pacifici, published April 7, 2003 ID theft resources from beSpacific, the current awareness blog on law and technology news, updated daily, with links to primary federal, state and local resources and reliable corporate, academic, public interest and expert sources. More information is also available in a comprehensive, searchable, free forensics research database at http://www.ncstl.org. The database is offered by the National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law (NCSTL), a program of the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, United States Department of Justice, Grant #2003-IJ-CX-K024.

Newspapers and Magazines

America's Most Wanted: The Man with Eighty Wives, INDEPENDENT (London, England), July 19, 2006 (http://www.independent.co.uk)

Aja Anderson, Real Life"Big Love": FBI's Most Wanted, Warren Steed Jeffs, SPRAWL MAG., May 13, 2006 (http://www.sprawlmagazine.com/articles/5-13-06jeffs.html)

Nate Carlisle, SWAT Team Raid Doesn't Find Jeffs, SALT LAKE TRIBUNE, July 1, 2006 (http://www.sltrib.com)

Nate Carlisle, Tip on FDLS' Jeffs Falls Short: Nothing Seized in Jeffs-tip Raid, SALT LAKE TRIBUNE, July 2, 2006 (http://www.sltrib.com)

Keith Coffman, For Protecting Jeffs, Brother Gets Probation, SALT LAKE TRIBUNE, July 14, 2006 (http://www.sltrib.com)

Keith Coffman, Younger Brother Gets Probation for Aiding Fugitive FLDS Prophet, SALT LAKE TRIBUNE, July 14, 2006 (http://www.sltrib.com)

Jennifer Dobner Strict Codes: Girls Play Separately From Boys at a Private School Last Month in Utah, ABERDEEN AMERICAN NEWS, May 17, 2006, at A1 (http://www.cleburnenews.com/news/2006/as-nation-0517-0-6e16u5637.htm)

Jennifer Dobner, FBI Director Confident Fugitive Polygamist Will Be Caught, Associated Press, June 8, 2006 (http://warren-jeffs-news.newslib.com/story/8367-37/)

Jennifer Dobner, Child Brides Put Him on FBI's List, ST. PETERSBURG TIMES, May 17, 2006, at 3A (http://www.sptimes.com/2006/05/17/Worldandnation/Child_brides_put_him_.shtml)

Jennifer Dobner, Jeffs' Nephew Is Charged with Contempt, DESERET MORNING NEWS, July 30, 2006, at B5 (http://www.sltrib.com/polygamy/ci_4106503)

Jennifer Dobner, New Charges Filed Against Polygamous Leader Warren Jeffs, Associated Press, Apr. 6, 2006 (http://www.childbrides.org/control_azcent_new_charges_filed_against_Warren.html)

Jennifer Dobner, Polygamist Leader's Brother Among Those Imprisoned, KUTV Channel 2, July 22, 2006 (http://www.kutv.com)

Jennifer Dobner, Search Warrants Sought Samples for DNA Testing, Associated Press, June 5, 2006 (http://www.childbrides.org/sex_LVS_Search_warrants_sought_samples_for_DNA_testing.html)

Paul Foy, Polygamist Leader Will Be Tried First in Utah, DAILY BREEZE (Cal.), Aug. 31, 2006, at A9 (http://www.dailybreeze.com)

David Kelly & Gary Cohn, A Sect's Prophet, Teacher, Fugitive, LOS ANGELES TIMES, May 13, 2006, at 17 (http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-prophet13may13,0,964969.story?coll=la-headlines-nation)

Brad Knickerbocker, Crackdown on Polygamy Group, CHRISTIAN SCI. MONITOR, May 9, 2006, at 2 (http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/0509/p02s01-ussc.html)

Maria Newman, Leader of Polygamist Sect Agrees to Face Utah Charges, N.Y. TIMES, Sept. 1, 2006, at A12 (http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/01/us/01polygamy.html)

Ken Ritter, Polygamist Leader in Custody, CHARLESTON DAILY MAIL, Aug. 30, 2006, at 3A (http://www.dailymail.com)

Ken Ritter, Polygamist Leader to Return to Utah to Face Charges, CHARLESTON GAZETTE, Sept. 1, 2006, at 10A. (http://www.wvgazette.com)

Patrice St. Germain, Police Respond to Jeffs Tip, (South Utah) SPECTRUM, July 1, 2006 (http://www.thespectrum.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2006607010305)

Mark Shaffer, FBI Seeking Leader of Polygamist Sect, ARIZONA REPUBLIC, July 8, 2005 (http://www.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic)

Darcy Spears, Wanted Fugitive Polygamist Has Valley Ties, Raking in Valley Tax Dollars, KVBC News 3, July 26, 2006. (http://www.kvbc.com/Global/story.asp?S=5201924)

Joanna Walters, Fears of New Waco as FBI Hunt for Svengali Leader of Polygamy Cult, (London) OBSERVER, June 11, 2006 (http://www.guardian.co.uk/usa/story/0,,1795016,00.html)

Ben Winslow, FBI Beefs Up Search for Jeffs, DESERET MORNING NEWS, May 30, 2006, at A1 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,635211427,00.html)

Ben Winslow, FLDS Financial Data Sought from Seth Jeffs, DESERET MORNING NEWS, July 11, 2006, at B8 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,640193807,00.html)

Ben Winslow, FLDS Trust in Judge's Hands, DESERET MORNING NEWS, July 14, 2006, at B6 (http://www.deseretnews.com)

Ben Winslow, Jeffs' Brother Is in Prison for Refusing to Testify, DESERET MORNING NEWS, July 23, 2006, at B5 (http://www.deseretnews.com)

Ben Winslow, Arizona Polygamist Convicted of Sex Crimes, DESERET MORNING NEWS, July 8, 2006, at B3 (http://www.deseretnews.com)

Ben Winslow, FBI Chief Rallies Local Agents, DESERET MORNING NEWS, June 8, 2006, at B6 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,635213792,00.html)

Ben Winslow, Jeffs Lawyer-Shopping, DESERET MORNING NEWS, Sept. 8, 2006, at B5 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,645199762,00.html)

Ben Winslow, Jeffs Seen in Arizona?, DESERET MORNING NEWS, June 10, 2006 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,640185888,00.html)

Ben Winslow, Judge May Decide Fate of the FLDS Trust Today, DESERET MORNING NEWS, Aug. 14, 2006, at B7 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,645192963,00.html)

Ben Winslow, Judge Orders Jeffs Documents Released, DESERET MORNING NEWS, Aug. 14, 2006, at B7 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,645192964,00.html)

Ben Winslow, Property Taxes Are Paid for 2 Polygamous Towns, DESERET MORNING NEWS, Aug. 4, 2006, at B5 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,640199907,00.html)

Ben Winslow, Search for Jeffs at Home Fruitless, DESERET MORNING NEWS, July 2, 2006, at B3 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,640191667,00.html)

Ben Winslow, Search Produces No Jeffs, DESERET MORNING NEWS, July 1, 2006, at B8 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,640191485,00.html)

Ben Winslow, Seth Jeffs Sentenced, DESERET MORNING NEWS, July 15, 2006, at B3 (http://www.deseretnews.com)

Ben Winslow, Settlements Expected Soon in Suits Against FLDS, Jeffs, DESERET MORNING NEWS, June 20, 2006, at B5 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,640188373,00.html)

Ben Winslow & Nancy Perkins, Jeffs to Appear Before a Judge in Utah Today, DESERET MORNING NEWS, Sept. 6, 2006, at A1 (http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,645199136,00.html)

Television

Anderson Cooper 360: Hiding in Plain Sight: Polygamy—Part I (CNN television broadcast May 10, 2006) (http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0605/10/acd.02.html)

Anderson Cooper 360: Tracking a Fugitive: The Hunt for Warren Jeffs, (CNN television broadcast May 19, 2006) (http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0605/19/acd.02.html)

THE MAN WITH 80 WIVES (UK Channel Four documentary television broadcast July 19, 2006) (http://www.channel4.com/culture/microsites/C/can_you_believe_it/debates/80wives.html)

The Big Story with John Gibson: Warren Jeffs Makes First Utah Court Appearance (Fox News television broadcast Sept. 7, 2006) (http://www.foxnews.com/bigstory/index.html)

Cases

United States v. Jeffs, No. CRIM05CR00503REB, slip op. (D. Mass. Apr. 4, 2006)

Miscellaneous

FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitive: Warren Steed Jeffs (http://www.fbi.gov/wanted/topten/fugitives/jeff_ws.htm)

Books & Reports
Terence W. Campbell, ASSESSING SEX OFFENDERS: PROBLEMS AND PITFALLS (Charles C. Thomas Publisher 2005) S. J. Hucker & K. DeFreitas, Forensic Psychiatry and Forensic Psychology: Criminal Responsibility, in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FORENSIC AND LEGAL MEDICINE (Jason Payne-James, Roger W. Byard, Tracey S. Corey & Carol Henderson, eds., Elsevier Academic Press 2005) (http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/homepage.cws_home)
L. Eccleston & T. Ward, Assessment of Dangerousness and Criminal Responsibility, in HANDBOOK FOR FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY: RESOURCE FOR MENTAL HEALTH AND LEGAL PROFESSIONALS (William T. O'Donohue & Eric R. Levensky, eds., Academic Press 2003) (http://www.academic-press.com/)

Law & Science Journals

N. Zoe Hilton, Grant T. Harris & Marnie E. Rice, Sixty-six Years of Research on the Clinical Versus Actuarial Prediction of Violence, 34 COUNSELING PSYCHOL. 400 (Sept. 2006) (tcp.sagepub.com)

Debra A. Pinals, Chad E. Tillbrook & Denise L. Mumley, Practical Application of the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool-Criminal Adjudication (MacCAT-CA) in a Public Sector Forensic Setting, 34 J. AM. ACAD. PSYCHIATRY L. 179 (June 2006) (www.jaapl.org)

Howard E. Barbaree, Calvin M. Langton & Edward J. Peacock, The Factor Structure of Static Actuarial Items: Its Relation to Prediction, 18 SEXUAL ABUSE 207 (Apr. 2006) (www.springerlink.com/content/1573-286X)

Julie E. Grachek, The Insanity Defense in the Twenty-First Century: How Recent United States Supreme Court Case Law Can Improve the System, 81 IND. L.J. 1479 (Fall 2006) (www.law.indiana.edu/ilj)

T. Szasz, "Idiots, Infants, and the Insane": Mental Illness and Legal Incompetence, 31 J. MED. ETHICS 78 (Feb. 2005) (jme.bmjjournals.com)

M.D. Parzen, Toward a Culture-Bound Syndrome-Based Insanity Defense?, 27 CULTURE, MED. AND PSYCHIATRY 131 (June 2003) (www.springerlink.com/content/1573-076X)

P.A. Zapf, R. Roesch, J.L. Viljoen, Assessing Fitness to Stand Trial: The Utility of the Fitness Interview Test (Revised Edition), 46 CAN. J. PSYCHIATRY 426 (June 2001) (www.cpa-apc.org/Publications/cjpHome.asp)

Klaus-Peter Dahle, Strengths and Limitations of Actuarial Prediction of Criminal Reoffence in a German Prison Sample: A Comparative Study of LSI-R, HCR-20 and PCL-R, 29 INT'L J. L. PSYCHIATRY 431 (Sept.-Oct. 2006) (www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01602527)

Bernard E. Harcourt, Against Prediction: Sentencing, Policing, and Punishing in an Actuarial Age, CHI. PUB. L. & LEGAL THEORY WORKING PAPER NO. 94 (May 2005) (http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=756945)

Thomas R. Litwach, Actuarial Versus Clinical Assessments of Dangerousness, 7 PSYCHOL., PUB. POL'Y & L. 409 (2001) (http://www.apa.org/journals/law/currentTOC.html)

H. J. Steadman, E. Silver, J. Monahan, P. Appelbaum, P. C. Robbins, E. P. Mulvey, T. Grisso, L. H. Roth, S. Banks, A Classification Tree Approach to the Development of Actuarial Violence Risk Assessment Tools, 24(1) LAW & HUM. BEHAV. 83 (Feb. 2000) (http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-661X/

Michael C. Seto, Is More Better? Combining Actuarial Risk Scales to Predict Recidivism among Adult Sex Offenders,17 PSYCHOL. ASSESSMENT 156 (June 2005) (http://content.apa.org/journals/pas)

Martin Grann, Henrik Belfrage, Anders Tengstrom, Actuarial Assessment of Risk for Violence: Predictive Validity of the VRAG and the Historical Part of the HCR-20, 27 CRIM. JUST. & BEHAV. 97 (Feb. 2000) (http://cjb.sagepub.com/)

Jeremy F. Mills, Advances in the Assessment and Prediction of Interpersonal Violence, 20 J. INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 236 (Feb. 2005) (http://jiv.sagepub.com)

Howard E. Barbaree, Michael C. Seto, Calvin M. Langton & Edward J. Peacock, Evaluating the Predictive Accuracy of Six Risk Assessment Instruments for Adult Sex Offenders, 28 CRIM. JUST. & BEHAV. 490 (Aug. 2001) (http://cjb.sagepub.com/)

Grant T. Harris, Marnie E. Rice, Vernon L. Quinsey, Martin L. Lalumiere, Douglas Boer & Carol Lang, A Multisite Comparison of Actuarial Risk Instruments for Sex Offenders, 15 PSYCHOL. ASSESSMENT 413 (Sept. 2003) (http://content.apa.org/journals/pas)

Frank Urbaniok, Thomas Noll, Sonja Grunewald , Jennifer Steinbach & Jérôme Endrass, Prediction of violent and sexual offences: A replication study of the VRAG in Switzerland, 17 J. FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY & PSYCHOL. 23 (June 2006) (http://journalsonline.tandf.co.uk)

Kevin S. Douglas, Melissa Yeomans & Douglas P. Boer, Comparative Validity Analysis of Multiple Measures of Violence Risk in a Sample of Criminal Offenders, 32 CRIM. JUST. & BEHAV. 479 (Oct. 2005) (http://cjb.sagepub.com/)

Michael J. Vitacco & Ira K. Packer, Mania and Insanity: An Analysis of Legal Standards and Recommendations for Clinical Practice, 4 J. FORENSIC PSYCHOL. PRAC. 83 (2004) (http://www.haworthpress.com/store/TOC.asp?sku=J158)

Ivan P. Kruh, Karen Whittemore, Genevieve L.Y. Arnaut, James Manley, Bruce Gage & Gregg J. Gagliardi, The Concurrent Validity of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory and Its Relative Association with Past Violence in a Sample of Insanity Acquittees, 4 INT'L J. FORENSIC MENTAL HEALTH 135 (Fall 2005) (http://www.iafmhs.org/iafmhs.asp?pg=journalenglish)

Ralph Slovenko, Diminished Capacity Revisited, 21(1) AM. J. OF FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY 19 (2000) (http://www.forensicpsychonline.com/journal.html%20)

R. Rogers & D. W. Shuman, The Mental State at the Time of the Offense Measure: Its Validation and Admissibility under Daubert, 28(1) J. AM. ACAD. PSYCHIATRY L. 23 (2000) (www.jaapl.org)

James F. Hooper, Alix M. McLearen & Michelle E. Barnett, The Alabama Structured Assessment of Treatment Completion for Insanity Acquittees (The AlaSATcom), 28 INT'L J. PSYCHIATRY L. 604 (Nov.-Dec. 2005) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01602527)

Paul H. Gates, Competency v. Responsibility: Competing Standards, Interests and the Administration of Justice, 3(1) J. FORENSIC PSYCHOL. PRACTICE 79 (Jan. 2003) (http://www.haworthpress.com/store/Toc_views.asp?sid=PUR7NQ78E82J9PJEJ6MG1LR84DFMAX6F&TOCName=J158v03n01%5FTOC&desc=Volume%3A%203)

J.L. Warren, D.C. Murrie, P. Chauhan, P.E. Dietz & J. Morris, Opinion Formation in Evaluating Sanity at the Time of the Offense: An Examination of 5175 Pre-Trial Evaluations, 22 BEHAV. SCI. L. 171 (Jan. 2004) (http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/3512)

Christian Perring, Conceptual Issues in Assessing Responsibility for Actions Symptomatic of Mental Illness, 27 INT'L J. PSYCHIATRY L. 489 (Sept.-Oct. 2004) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01602527)

Cordelia Fine & Jeanette Kennett, Mental Impairment, Moral Understanding and Criminal Responsibility: Psychopathy and the Purposes of Punishment, 27 INT'L J. PSYCHIATRY L. 425 (Sept.-Oct. 2004) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01602527)

C. S. Fried & N. D. Reppucci, Criminal Decision Making: The Development of Adolescent Judgment, Criminal Responsibility, and Culpability, 25(1) LAW & HUM. BEHAV. 45 (Feb. 2001) (http://www.ingenta.com/isis/browsing/AllIssues/ingenta;jsessionid=dq8paa264l2c8.crescent?journal=pubinfobike://klu/lahu&startyea)

Miscellaneous Mad or Bad? Psychologically Assessing Criminal Competence (Videorecording, Film for the Humanities & Sci. 2001) (http://www.films.com)

Books & Reports

John P. Walters, Alberto Gonzales & Michael Leavitt, SYNTHETIC DRUG CONTROL STRATEGY: A FOCUS ON METHAMPHETAMINES AND PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE (Office of National Drug Control Policy 2005)

Tom McEwen, Craig D. Uchida, Thomas C. Castellano, Edmund McGarrell, Stacey L. Oswick, Susan Pennell, Carol A. Putnam & Kip Schlegel, AN EVALUATION OF THE COPS OFFICE METHAMPHETAMINE INITIATIVE (National Institute for Justice, 2000)

METHAMPHETAMINE USE: CLINICAL AND FORENSIC ASPECTS (Errol Yudko, Sandra B. McPherson & Harold V. Hall, eds., CRC Press 2003) (http://www.crcpress.com/)

Law & Science Journals

Yuko T. Iwata, Hiroyuki Inoue, Kenji Kuwayama, Tatsuyuki Kanamori, Kenji Tsujikawa, Hajime Miyaguchi & Tohru Kishi, Forensic Application of Chiral Separation of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants to Impurity Analysis of Seized Methamphetamine by Capillary Electrophoresis, 161 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 92 (Sept. 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

Előd Hidvégi, Péter Fábián, Zsuzsa Hideg & Gábor Somogyi, GC-MS Determination of Amphetamines in Serum Using On-Line Trifluoroacetylation, 161 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 119 (Sept. 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

Eunyoung Han, Yonghoon Park, Wonkyung Yang, Jaesin Lee, Sooyeun Lee, Eunmi Kim, Miae Lim & Heesun Chung, The Study of Metabolite-to-Parent Ratios of Methamphetamine and Methylenedioxymethamphetamine in Hair, 161 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 124 (Sept. 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

Shu-Fang Teng, Shou-Chien Wu, Chiareiy Liu, Jih-Heng Li & Chun-Sheng Chien, Characteristics and Trends of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) Tablets Found in Taiwan from 2002 to February 2005, 161 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 202 (Sept. 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

Jae Sin Lee, Eun Young Han, Soo Yeun Lee, Eun Mi Kim, Yong Hoon Park, Mi Ae Lim, Hee Sun Chung & Jeong Hill Park, Analysis of the Impurities in the Methamphetamines Synthesized by Three Different Methods from Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine, 161 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 209 (Sept. 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

Brian Privett, Landowner Civil Liability for Meth Lab Contamination under Kentucky Law, 44 BRANDEIS L.J. 715 (Spring 2006) (www.law.louisville.edu/students/blj)

Aaron R. Harmon, Methamphetamine Remediation Research Act of 2005: Just What the Doctor Ordered for Cleaning Up Methfields – Or Sugar Pill Placebo?, 7 N.C. J.L. & TECH. 421 (Spring 2006) (www.jolt.unc.edu)

Mark Schone, Busting a Record Number of Methamphetamine Labs Hasn't Rid the Midwest of Its Latest Drug Scourge. Now Cops Want to Make It Harder to Buy Cold Pills that Contain a Key Meth Ingredient. Will the Drug Lobby Let Them?, 2004-Dec. LEGAL AFF. 30 (Nov.-Dec. 2004) (www.legalaffairs.org)

Debra S. Peterson, R. Michael Jennings, Methamphetamine: A Recipe for Disaster, 73 J. KAN. B.A. 7 (Oct. 2004) (www.ksbar.org/public/journals)

Thomas C. Albus, Legal Battles in Missouri's War on Methamphetamine, 59 J. MO. B. 60 (Mar.-Apr. 2003) (www.mobar.org/7b2e21b5-eb97-4f01-91da-1ff2beb5bb45.aspx)

Anna S. Vogt, The Mess Left Behind: Regulating the Cleanup of Former Methamphetamine Laboratories, 38 IDAHO L. REV. 251 (2001) (www.law.uidaho.edu/default.aspx?pid=74194)

Todd R. Burns, Methamphetamine Laboratories: A Challenging Hazardous Chemical Cleanup Situation, ABA ENVTL. ENFORCEMENT & CRIMES NEWSL., May 2006, at 7 (http://www.abanet.org/environ/committees/environcrimes/)

Dana E. Hunt, Methamphetamine Abuse: Challenges for Law Enforcement and Communities, 254 NIJ J. 24 (July 2006) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/journals)

Cooking Up Solutions to a Cooked Up Menace: Responses to Methamphetamines in a Federal System, 119 HARV. L. REV. 2509 (June 2006) (http://www.harvardlawreview.org)

Ying Qi, Ian D. Evans & Adam McCluskey Australian Federal Police Seizures of Illicit Crystalline Methamphetamine ('Ice') 1998-2002: Impurity Analysis, __ FORENSIC SCI. INT'L __ (forthcoming 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

Diaa M. Shakleya, James C. Kraner, James A. Kaplan, Peter M. Gannett & Patrick S. Callery, Identification of N,N-dimethylamphetamine Formed by Methylation of Methamphetamine in Formalin-Fixed Liver Tissue by Multistage Mass Spectrometry, 157 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 87 (Mar. 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

R. Jones, K. Klette, J.J. Kuhlman, B. Levine, M.L. Smith, C.V. Watson & C.M. Selavka, Trimethobenzamide Cross Reacts in Immunoassays for Amphetamine/ Methamphetamine, 39 CLINICAL CHEMSITRY 699 (Apr.1993) (http://www.clinchem.org)

Eric C. Person, Jennifer A. Meyer & James R. Vyvyan, Structural Determination of the Principal Byproduct of the Lithium-ammonia Reduction Method of Methamphetamine Manufacture, 50 J. FORENSIC SCI. 87 (Jan. 2005) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/2351.htm)

Tetsuro Sasaki, Yukiko Makino, Effective Injection in Pulsed Splitless Mode for Impurity Profiling of Methamphetamine Crystal by GC or GC/MS, 160 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 1 (June 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

W.D. Barker, U. Antia, A Study of the Use of Ephedra in the Manufacture of Methamphetamine, __ FORENSIC SCI. INT'L __ (forthcoming 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

Newspapers & Magazines

Diane Marrero, Patchwork of Tribes, Agencies, Try Creative Approaches to Fighting Meth, Gannet News Service, Aug. 18, 2006 (http://www.gannett.com)

Department of Justice, Attorney General Alberto R. Gonzales Outlines New Justice Department Efforts to Combat Methamphetamines, (Press Release May 18, 2006, announced new efforts to combat methamphetamine) (http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2006/May/06_ag_307.html)

Meth = Death, TECH BEAT, 2006, at 9 (http://www.nlectc.org/techbeat/justnet.html)

Meth Abuse Cited as Top Drug Problem for Law Enforcement Agencies, WASH. POST, July 6, 2005, at A7 (www.washingtonpost.com)

Elizabeth Butler, Forfeiture Under the Methamphetamine and Community Protection Act, 20 CHI. B. ASS'N 44 (May 2006) (www.chicagobar.org/ro)

DEA Public Affairs, Bush Cabinet Officials Highlight Anti-Meth Programs; Launch New Website (Press Release August 18, 2005, outlines presidential initiative to combat methamphetamine abuse) (http://www.usdoj.gov/dea/pubs/pressrel/pr081805.html)

Rea S. Arledge, Methamphetamine: Efforts to Stem the Tide of Clandestine Methamphetamine Laboratories, 39 PROSECUTOR 38 (Nov.-Dec. 2005) (http://www.ndaa-apri.org/publications/ndaa/toc_prosecutor.html)

Miscellaneous

National Summit on the Methamphetamine Epidemic (and related documents), http://www.performanceweb.org/MethAbuse

Frontline: Meth Epidemic (PBS television broadcast 2006) (http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/)

Tim Post, Meth Presents a New Dangers for Law Enforcement, MINN. PUB. RADIO, June 11, 2004 (http://news.minnesota.publicradio.org)

Meth Abuse Top Drug Problem, Law Enforcement Officials Say, FOX NEWS, July 18, 2006 (www.foxnews.com)

Meth Abuse Top Drug Problem, Law Enforcement Officials Say, FOX NEWS, August 30, 2006 (www.foxnews.com)

Law & Science Journals

I.W. Evett, R. Pinchin & C. Buffery, An Investigation of the Feasibility of Inferring Ethnic Origin from DNA Profiles, 37 J. FORENSIC SCIENCE 301 (Oct.-Nov. 1992) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/2351.htm)

Frederick R. Bieber, Charles H. Brenner & David Lazer, Finding Criminal Through DNA of Their Relatives, SCIENCE, June 2006, at 1315 (http://www.sciencemag.org/magazine.dtl)

Tania Simoncelli & Barry Steinhardt, California's Proposition 69: A Dangerous Precedent for Criminal DNA Databases, 34 J. L. MED. ETHICS 99 (Summer 2006) (http://www.aslme.org/pub/jlme/index.php)

E.M. Shepard & R.J. Herrera, Iranian STR Variation at the Fringes of Biogeographical Demarcation, 158 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 140 (May 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

J.S. Barnholtz-Sloan, R. Chakraborty & J.C. Long, Informativeness of the CODIS STR Loci for Admixture Analysis, 50 J. FORENSIC SCIENCE 1322 (Aug. 2005) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/2351.htm)

Tony Frudakis, K. Venkateswarlu, Matthew J. Thomas, Zach Gaskin, Siva Ginjupalli, Sitarama Gunturi, Viswanathan Ponnuswamy, Sivamiani Natarajan & Ponnuswamy Kolathupalayam Nachimuthu, Classifier for the SNP-Based Inference of Ancestry, 48 J. FORENSIC SCIENCE 771 (July 2003) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/2351.htm)

David A. Ray, Jerilyn A. Walker, Ashley Hall, Barbara Llewellyn, Jack Ballantyne, Allen T. Christian, Kenneth Turteltaub & Mark A. Batzer, Inference of Human Geographic Origins Using Alu Insertion Polymorphisms, 153 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 117 (Oct. 2005) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

Turi E. King, Stéphane J. Ballereau, Kevin E. Schürer & Mark A. Jobling, Genetic Signatures of Coancestry within Surnames, 16 Current Biology 384 (Feb. 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09609822)

A.M. Cadenas, M. Regueiro, T. Gayden, N. Singh, L.A. Zhivotovsky, P.A. Underhill & R.J. Herrera, Male Amelogenin Dropouts: Phylogenetic Context, Origins and Implications, __ FORENSIC SCI. INT'L __ (forthcoming 2006) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

Marc W. Allard, Deborah Polanskey, Kevin Miller, Mark R. Wilson, Keith L. Monson & Bruce Budowle, Characterization of Human Control Region Sequences of the African American SWGDAM Forensic mtDNA Data Set, 148 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 169 (Mar. 2005) (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738)

Sarah A. Tishkoff & Kenneth K. Kidd, Implications of Biogeography of Human Populations for 'Race' and 'Medicine', 36 NATURE GENETICS S21 (Nov. 2004) (http://www.nature.com)

E.J. Parra, R.A. Kittles & M.D. Shriver, Implications of Correlations between Skin Color and Genetic Ancestry for Biomedical Research, 36 NATURE GENETICS S54 (Nov. 2004) (http://www.nature.com)

Mark A. Rothstein & Meghan K. Talbott, The Expanding Use of DNA in Law Enforcement: What Role for Privacy?, 34 J. L. MED. & ETHICS 153 (Summer 2006) (http://www.aslme.org/pub/jlme/index.php)

Pilar N. Ossorio, About Face: Forensic Genetic Testing for Race and Visible Traits, 34 J. L. MED. & ETHICS 277 (Summer 2006) (http://www.aslme.org/pub/jlme/index.php)

Troy Duster, Explaining Differential Trust of DNA Forensic Technology: Grounded Assessment or Inexplicable Paranoia?, 34 J. L. MED. & ETHICS 293 (Summer 2006) (http://www.aslme.org/pub/jlme/index.php)

Newspapers & Magazines

Dana Hawkins Simons, Getting DNA to Bear Witness, USA TODAY, June 23, 2005 (www.usatoday.com)

Nancy Touchette, Genome Test Nets Suspected Serial Killer, GENOME NEWS NETWORK, June 13, 2003, at 112 (www.genomenewsnetwork.org)

William J. Cromie, Getting Criminals Through Their DNA, HARV. U. GAZETTE, May 11, 2006 (http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/daily/2006/05/11-dna.html)

Jessica Synder-Sachs, DNA and a New Kind of Racial Profiling, POPULAR SCI., Dec. 2003, at 16 (http://www.popsci.com/popsci/)

Carolyn Abraham, Molecular Eyewitness: DNA Gets a Human Face, GLOBE & MAIL, June 25, 2005, at A6 (www.theglobeandmail.com)

Paul Rincon, DNA Could Predicte Your Surname, BBC NEWS, Feb. 21, 2006 (news.bbc.co.uk)

Sheri Fink, Reasonable Doubt, DISCOVER, July 2006 (www.discover.com)

D. Vergano, "Genographic Project" Aims to Tell Us Where We Came From, USA TODAY, Apr. 13, 2005, at 7D (www.usatoday.com)

Richard Willing, DNA Tests Offers Clues to Suspect's Race, USA TODAY, Aug. 17, 2005, at 1A (www.usatoday.com)

Christen Brownlee, Code of Many Colors: Can Researchers See Race in the Genome?, SCI. NEWS, Apr. 9, 2005, at 232 (http://www.sciencenews.org)

The Science Show: Building a DNA Picture of Your Face (Radio National radio broadcast Dec. 3, 2005) (http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/ss/stories/s1517967.htm)

Books & Reports

Simon A. Cole, SUSPECT IDENTITIES: A HISTORY OF FINGERPRINTING AND CRIMINAL IDENTIFICATION (Harvard University Press 2002) (http://www.hup.harvard.edu/books.html)

A REVIEW OF THE FBI'S HANDLING OF THE BRANDON MAYFIELD CASE (Special Report: Office of the Inspector General 03/2006) (http://www.usdoj.gov/oig/special/s0601/PDF_list.htm)

Robert B. Stacey, REPORT ON THE ERRONEOUS FINGERPRINT INDIVIDUALIZATION IN THE MADRID TRAIN BOMBING CASE (Report from the Quality Assurance and Training Unit Federal Bureau of Investigation, Quantico, Virginia) (http://www.iowaiai.org/Madrid.htm)

Henry C. Lee & R. E. Gaensslen, ADVANCES IN FINGERPRINT TECHNOLOGY (2d ed., CRC Press 2001) (http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/search/search.asp)

Clarence G. Collins, FINGERPRINT SCIENCE (Wadsworth Publishing 2001) (http://www.thomsonedu.com/thomsonedu/search/results.do)

FINGERPRINTS AND OTHER RIDGE SKIN IMPRESSIONS (Chris Lennard, Pierre Margot, Milutin Stoilovic, & Christophe Champod, eds., CRC Press 2004) (http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=TF1345&parent_id=&pc=)

Law & Science Journals

Simon A. Cole, Does "Yes" Really Mean Yes? The Attempt to Close Debate on the Admissibility of Fingerprint Testimony, 45 JURIMETRICS J. 449 (2005) (http://www.law.asu.edu/Programs/Jurimetrics)

Simon A. Cole, Is Fingerprint Identification Valid? Rhetorics of Reliability in Fingerprint Proponents' Discourse, 28 L & POL'Y 109 (2006) (http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0265-8240&site=1)

Itiel E. Dror & David Charlton, Why Experts Make Errors, 56 J. FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION 600 (2006) (http://www.theiai.org/publications)

Thomas L. Bohan, Scientific Evidence and Forensic Science Since Daubert: Maine Decides to Sit Out the Dance, 56 ME. L. REV. 101 (2004) (http://mainelaw.maine.edu/volume56_1.aspx)

Robert B. Stacey, A Report on the Erroneous Fingerprint Individualization in the Madrid Train Bombing Case, 54 J.FORENSIC IDENT. 706 (2004) (http://www.theiai.org/publications)

Robert Epstein, Fingerprints Meet Daubert: The Myth of Fingerprint “Science” is Revealed, 75 S. CAL. L. REV. 605, (March 2002). (http://www-rcf.usc.edu/~usclrev/pdf/075302.pdf)

Fingerprint Examination Standards: Do We Need Them? 25 SCI. SLEUTHING REV. 11 (Spring 2001)

Developing a Standard Fingerprint, 26 SCI. SLEUTHING REV. 11 (Fall 2002)

Newspapers & Magazines

Edward J. Imwinkelried & Michael Cherry, The Myth of Fingerprints, CHAMPION, Oct. 2003, at 36 (http://www.nacdl.org/public.nsf/freeform/championmag?OpenDocument)

William C. Thompson & Simon A. Cole, Forensics: Lessons From The Brandon Mayfield Case, CHAMPION, Apr. 2005, at 42 (http://www.nacdl.org/public.nsf/freeform/championmag?OpenDocument)

Flynn McRoberts & Steve Mills, Digitized Prints Can Point Finger at Innocent: Handling, Quality of Image are Risks, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Jan. 3, 2005, at 1 (http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/773117391.html?dids=773117391:773117391&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jan+3%2C+2005&author=Flynn+McRoberts+and+Steve+Mills%2C+Tribune+staff+reporters&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=1&desc=Digitized+prints+can+point+finger+at+innocent+)

Flynn McRoberts & Steve Mills, U.S. Seeks Review of Fingerprint Techniques, High Profile Errors Prompt Questions, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Feb. 21, 2005, at 1 (http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/795813921.html?dids=795813921:795813921&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Feb+21%2C+2005&author=Flynn+McRoberts+and+Steve+Mills%2C+Tribune+staff+reporters&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=1&desc=U.S.+seeks+review+of+fingerprint+techniques+)

Press Release, FBI National Press Office, FBI Responds to the Office of Inspector General’s Report on the Fingerprint Misidentification Of Brandon Mayfield (January 6, 2006) (http://www.fbi.gov/pressrel/pressrel06/mayfield010606.htm)

Susan Schmidt and Blaine Harden, U.S. Frees Oregon Lawyer Jailed in Madrid Bombings, WASHINGTON POST, May 21, 2004, at A6 (http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A43732-2004May20.html)

David Stout, Report Faults F.B.I.'s Fingerprint Scrutiny in Arrest of Lawyer, N.Y. TIMES, November 17, 2004, at A18 (http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0812FB395B0C748DDDA80994DC404482&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fPeople%2fM%2fMayfield%2c%20Brandon)

Sarah Kershaw, Eric Lichtblau and Dale Fuchs, Spain Had Doubts Before U.S. Held Lawyer In Blast, NY Times, May 26, 2004 at A1, (http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40F10F93E5A0C758EDDAC0894DC404482&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fPeople%2fM%2fMayfield%2c%20Brandon)

The F.B.I. Messes Up, N.Y. TIMES, May 26, 2004, at A22 (http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50C14F83E5A0C758EDDAC0894DC404482&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fPeople%2fM%2fMayfield%2c%20Brandon)

Sarah Kershaw and Eric Lichtblau, Bomb Case Against Lawyer Is Rejected, N.Y. TIMES, May 25, 2004, at A16 (http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F70C10FC3F5A0C768EDDAC0894DC404482&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fPeople%2fM%2fMayfield%2c%20Brandon)

Sarah Kershaw, Eric Lichtblau and Dale Fuchs, Questions About Evidence In U.S. Arrest in Bombing, N.Y. TIMES, May 22, 2004, at A14 (http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40713F8345B0C718EDDAC0894DC404482&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fPeople%2fM%2fMayfield%2c%20Brandon)

Flynn McRoberts and Steve Mills, U.S. Seeks Review Of Fingerprint Techniques: High-Profile Errors Prompt Questions, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, February 21, 2005, at 1 (http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-0502210062feb21,1,2843261.story?ctrack=1&cset=true)

Press Release, International Biometric Group, National Institute of Justice Awards Multimodal Biometric Fusion Research Grant to International Biometric Group (January 30, 2006, announced the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) has awarded International Biometric Group (IBG) a research grant to develop multiple-biometric systems based on fusion of fingerprint, face recognition, and iris recognition technologies.) (http://www.biometricgroup.com/press_releases/pr_2006_NIJ_grant.html)

Kristi Mayo, Evolution of Fingerprint Technology EVIDENCE TECH. MAG. July/August 2003, at 12 (http://www.evidencemagazine.com)

Andre A. Moenssens, Fingerprint Identification: A Valid, Reliable "Forensic Science"? 18 CRIM. JUSTICE 30 (Summer 2003) (http://www.abanet.org/crimjust/cjmag/info.html)

Stephen Wax and Christopher Schatz, A Multitude of Errors: The Brandon Mayfield Case, CHAMPION MAG., September/October 2004, at 6 (http://www.nacdl.org/public.nsf/freeform/championmag?OpenDocument)

Press Release, FBI National Press Office, Statement on Brandon Mayfield Case (May 24, 2004) (discussed the misidentification of fingerprints after the Madrid train bombing) (http://www.fbi.gov/pressrel/pressrel04/mayfield052404.htm)

Franci Richardson and Maggie Mulvihill, Stephen Cowan: `This Boy Did Six Years in the Joint for Nothing', BOSTON HERALD, May 7, 2004, at 6 (http://www.injusticebusters.com/04/Cowans_Steph.htm)

Suzanne Smalley, Police Update Evidence Gathering: Suspect Identification is Focus of Changes, BOSTON GLOBE, July 20, 2004, at B1 (http://www.psychology.iastate.edu/FACULTY/gwells/Boston_Globe_July_2004.pdf)

T. Christopher Kelley, Police Shut Down Fingerprint Unit, Column: TALK LEFT, http://talkleft.com/new_archives/008289.html (Ongoing)

Jennifer L. Mnookin, A Blow to the Credibility of Fingerprint Evidence, BOSTON GLOBE, February 2, 2004, at A14 (http://www.newsday.com)

Wilson P. Dizard III, FBI Plans Major Database Upgrade: Bureau Outlines Interoperability Plans and Considers Adding Biometric Data, GOVERNMENT COMPUTER NEWS, August 28, 2006 (http://www.gcn.com/print/25_26/41792-1.html?topic=authentication)

Cases

United States v. Ramsey, Cr. No. 01-5-4 (E.D. Pa. Sept. 21, 2001) (http://www.paed.uscourts.gov/documents/opinions/06D0182P.pdf)

United States v. Byron Mitchell, 365 F.3d 216 (3d Cir. 2004) (http://onin.com/fp/daubert_links.html) Miscellaneous

Stephen B. Meagher, Austin Hicklin, Defining Extended Fingerprint Feature Sets, 91ST INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR IDENTIFICATION, Boston, MA (July 2-7, 2006) (http://www.theiai.org/conference/2006/index.php)

Fingerprint Comparison Standards and Discovery Practices for the Trial Advocate, AMERICAN ACADEMY OF FORENSIC SCIENCES (AAFS) 57TH ANNUAL MEETING: 21ST CENTURY CRIME/21ST CENTURY FORENSIC SCIENCE, New Orleans, LA (February 21-26, 2005) (http://www.aafs.org)

Rebecca L. Schwartz Perlman, Fingerprint Research Update, 89TH INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION CONFERENCE, Saint Louis, Missouri (August 24, 2004)

Mindset in the Latent Print Comparison Process, 90TH INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE, Dallas, Texas (August 9, 2005) (http://www.theiai.org/conference/2005/index.html)

Novel Approach to Answering Research Questions about Latent Prints, 91ST INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR IDENTIFICATION, Boston, Massachusetts (July 2-7, 2006) (http://www.theiai.org/conference/2006/index.php.)

Scientific Research Related to Impression Evidence at the National Institute of Justice, 91ST INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR IDENTIFICATION, Boston, MA (July 2-7, 2006) (http://www.theiai.org/conference/2006/index.php)

Weird Science and Faux-n-sics new and / or strange forensic technologies / theories

Applying the forensics concepts as depicted on television to laboratory analysis or investigational scrutiny doesn’t always prove true to reality. The latest technologies could be authentic weird science or merely flashy faux-n-sics. What you see isn’t always what you get.

What you see… What you get…

Analysis of Evidence Every piece of evidence or sample of biological material needs to be tested in a laboratory Not every piece of evidence collected at the crime scene needs analysis or is relevant to the case Computerized Forensic Animation The ability to recreate a 3-D depiction of an event from pieces of old evidence: locations of eyewitnesses, demolished buildings, erased skid marks from car tires The combined technology of laser-assisted photogrammetry and forensic animation can accurately reconstruct events The use of high speed laser scanning of the location and evidentiary clues provide requisite data for this procedure DNA Laboratory test results come back in a few hours and have the capacity to conclusively map a person’s entire genome and act as positive identification Depending on the complexity of the lab procedures, DNA test results could take several days to process Lab backlogs for DNA tests increase the actual wait time up to several months before the case is processed Electronic Nose Electronic devises are depicted to scan an area and pinpoint such things as exact cosmetic brand variations and the source of the individual person Practical forensic uses for electronic noses could be detecting explosives or poisonous substances Device uses gas chromatography to detect airborne gases and is programmed to identify a certain spectrum of volatile compounds Fingerprints Can be retrieved from almost any surface in any case Many surfaces are uneven or too variable Fingerprints are easily smudged Fingerprint Falsification Fake fingerprints are depicted as a latex coating to recreate a false identity Common chemical ingredients, such as gelatin, can recreate a fingerprint surface that has been tested to fool biometric fingerprint identification systems Firearms Residue tests can confirm if a person has shot a gun, even long after the crime Residue tests must be conducted almost immediately after a shooting and can be sabotaged by washing or rubbing hands Investigators Crime scene investigators perform all functions of the police, the lab technicians, and the legal team to solve the crime Crime scene investigators collect and transport evidence; the police issue citations and make arrests; lawyers deal with the submission of evidence into the courtroom; lab technicians run the scientific analyses of the evidence Lab Results Obtained immediately and quickly shared with all parties involved – police, lawyers, investigators Lab results take time to obtain and review Several steps are involved in diagnoses, identification, and replication of results to ensure accuracy of analysis Murder Method A victim can be fed a radioactive isotope that will emit lethal rays Radioactive isotopes do not cause extensive or internal burn injuries, leading to death; the severity of harm depends on the dose – must be very large – and subsequent medical treatment Swagger Surveillance The use of biometric tracking technology to locate individuals based on their walking style Radar scanners and closed-circuit systems record movement It works because it is very difficult to disguise walking gait, and it is easier to obtain than DNA, fingerprints, or head-on facial scans Toolmarks Liquid plaster can be poured into a wound, and once it hardens, there is a mold of the murder weapon Blunt surface traumas could conceivably be analyzed in this manner, to determine rough size or shape of weapon For the most part, plaster is best used to cast molds of footprints

For Further Reading:

Monida Amarelo, Pathologists Say TV Forensics Creates Unrealistic Expectations, AAAS NEWS ARCHIVES (Feb. 21, 2005) (www.aaas.org/news/releases/2005/0221csi.shtml)

Associated Press, Double Amputee Uses Thought-Controlled Arm, MSNBC (Sept. 14, 2006) (http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14790160)

Associated Press, National Briefing South: Florida: Real Body Found At Fake Crime Scene, N.Y. TIMES, June 7, 2006, at A19 (http://www.nytimes.com)

BBC, Science of James Bond: 007’s Gadgets (Science & Nature: Hot Topics, November 18, 2002) (http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/hottopics/jamesbond/bondgadgets.shtml)

Gabrielle Banks, Medical Examiner's Staff Stretched Even Thinner, PITTSBURGH POST-GAZETTE, August 12, 2006, at A1 (http://www.post-gazette.com)

David Allen Batchelor, THE SCIENCE OF STAR TREK (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 1993) (http://ssdoo.gsfc.nasa.gov/education/just_for_fun/startrek.html)

Brittney Booth, Crime Shows Seeping into Jury Selections, MONITOR, May 9, 2006 (http://www.themonitor.com) Charles Q. Choi, Artificial Humans Gills Inspired by Diving Beetles, LIVESCIENCE, Sept. 14, 2006 (http://www.livescience.com/technology/060914_artificial_gills.html)

CNN, Anatomy of a Murder Crime Scene Investigation (CNN Presents Classroom Edition - Educator Guide, original airdate September 26, 2005) (http://www.cnn.com/2005/EDUCATION/08/23/cnnpce.anatomy.of.murder/index.html)

CNN, Reasonable Doubt: Can Crime Labs Be Trusted? (CNN Presents Classroom Edition - Educator Guide, original airdate January 10, 2005) (http://cnnstudentnews.cnn.com/2005/fyi/01/05/cnnpce.reasonable.doubt)

Chad Cohen, The Science of Star Trek, NAT’L GEOGRAPHIC TODAY (December 13, 2002) (http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/12/1213_021213_tvstartrek.html)

Steve Down, Artificial Nose Needs a Pick-Me-Up For Grape Aroma Compounds, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY (John Wiley & Sons, May 22, 2006) (http://www.separationsnow.com/coi/cda/detail.cda?id=13573&type=Feature&chId=3&page=1)

FBI, HANDBOOK OF FORENSIC SERVICES (2003) (http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/handbook/forensics.pdf)

Craig Fries, Cutting Edge 3-D Reconstruction, FORENSIC MAGAZINE, August-September 2006 (http://

www.forensicmag.com/articles.asp?pid=103)

Alistair B. Fraser, BAD SCIENCE (http://www.ems.psu.edu/~fraser/BadScience.html)

Sophia I. Gatowski, Shirley A. Dobbin, James T. Richardson, Gerald P. Ginsburg, Mara L. Merlino, Veronica Dahir, Asking the Gatekeepers: A National Survey of Judges on Judging Expert Evidence in a Post-Daubert World, 25 L. & HUMAN BEHAV. 433 (2001) (http://www.springerlink.com/content/m145144527wu6431)

Max M. Houck, CSI: The Reality, SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN (July 2006) (http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&articleID=000394C8-1227-1493-906183414B7F0162)

Sanja Kutnjak Ivković & Valerie P. Hans, Jurors' Evaluations of Expert Testimony: Judging the Messenger and the Message, 28 L. & SOC. INQ. 441 (2003) (http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/lsi/28/2)

Allison Klein, Art Trips Up Life: TV Crime Shows Influence Jurors CSI: The Expectation of Futuristic Hard-Science Evidence Leads to Acquittals in Cases Prosecutors Thought Were Airtight, BALTIMORE SUN, Jul. 25, 2004, at 1A (http://www.baltimoresun.com)

Catherine Koeritz, Electronic Sensor Technology's zNose will appear Monday in an Episode of CBS Television's 'CSI: Miami' (Feb. 3, 2006) (http://www.znose.com/press_releases/articles/060203.pdf)

Margaret Bull Kovera & Bradley D. McAuliff, The Effects of Peer Review and Evidence Quality on Judge Evaluations of Psychological Science: Are Judges Effective Gatekeepers?, 85 J.APPLIED PSYCH. 574 (2000) (http://content.apa.org/journals/apl/85/4)

F.A. Krift, The 'CSI Effect' Makes Job Tougher For Today's Real-Life Detectives As Crooks Wise Up, BEAUMONT ENTERPRISE, June 30, 2006 (http://www.beaumontenterprise.com)

Terri Langford, Murder Case's Twist Could Rival Anything On 'CSI', HOUSTON CHRON., August 12, 2006, at B3 (http://www.chron.com)

Miguel Llanos, Wave-Piercing, Biodiesel Boat Hits High Seas, MSNBC (Sept. 15, 2006) (http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14227765)

Stefan Lovgren, The 'Star Wars' Worlds: More Science Than Fiction?, NAT’L GEOGRAPHIC NEWS (June 3, 2005) (http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/06/0603_050603_starwars.html)

Maricopa County Attorney’s Office, CSI: Maricopa County: The CSI Effect and Its Real-Life Impact on Justice, (Maricopa County, AZ, June 30, 2005) (http://www.maricopacountyattorney.org/Press/default.asp)

Most Popular Myths in Science, LIVESCIENCE (http://www.livescience.com/bestimg/result.php?back=&cat=myths)

NIJ, WHAT EVERY LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER SHOULD KNOW ABOUT DNA EVIDENCE (http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/bc000614.pdf)

Kimberlianne Podlas, 'The CSI Effect': Exposing the Media Myth, 16 FORDHAM INTELL. PROP. MEDIA & ENT. L.J. 429 (2006) (http://law.fordham.edu/publications/articles/200flspub5906.pdf)

Katherine Ramsland, THE FORENSIC SCIENCE OF C.S.I. (Berkley 2001) (http://us.penguingroup.com/nf/Book/BookDisplay/0,,9780425183595,00.html)

Paul Rincon, CSI Shows Give 'Unrealistic View,' BBC NEWS (Feb. 21, 2005) (news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4284335.stm)

Kit R. Roane & Dan Morrison, The CSI Effect, U.S. NEWS & WORLD REP., April 25, 2005, at 48 (www.usnews.com/usnews/culture/articles/050425/25csi.htm)

Paul D. Rosevear, Is 'CSI' for Real? (AOL's Online Campus, Posted May 5, 2005) (http://reference.aol.com/onlinecampus/campusarticle/_a/is-csi-for-real/20050512135709990001)

Society of Nuclear Medicine, CSI Miami: Not Much Fact and a Lot of Fiction (Posted February 21, 2003) (http://interactive.snm.org/index.cfm?PageID=554&RPID=535)

STAR WARS: WHERE SCIENCE MEETS IMAGINATION (Ed Rodley, ed. 2005) (http://www.starwars.com/eu/lit/ref/news20051005.html)

Star Wars: Where Science Meets Imagination Opens at COSI (Lucas Online, June 1, 2006) (http://www.starwars.com/community/event/museum/news20060601.html)

Stewart Tendler & Lucy Bannerman, Aiming To Catch Criminals Red-Footed, TIMES ONLINE (July 10, 2006), at 11 (http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,29389-2263134,00.html)

URBAN LEGENDS REFERENCE PAGES: CRIME AND PUNISHMENT (Barbara & David P. Mikkelson, eds., 2006) (http://www.snopes.com/crime/crime.asp)

Eric Volante & Kim Smith, 'CSI Effect' Impacts Justice in Tuscon, ARIZONA DAILY STAR, May 8, 2005, at A1 (www.dailystar.com/dailystar/dailystar/74101.php)

Michael J. Watkins, Forensics in the Media: Have Attorneys Reacted to the Growing Popularity of Forensic Crime Dramas? (Study submitted to Florida State University, August 3, 2004) (http://www.coolings.net/education/papers/Capstone-Electronic.pdf)

Books & Reports

Sgt Darren Laur, Excited Delirium and Its Correlation to Sudden and Unexpected Death Proximal to Restraint: A Review of the Current and Relevant Medical Literature (Report on medical safety by the Victoria Police Department Nov. 2004) (http://www.taser.com/facts/medical_info.htm)

TASER® Deployments and Injuries: Analysis of Current and Emerging Trends (Research report conducted by Orange County Sheriff’s Office and Florida Gulf Coast University presented at SWAT Roundup Nov 29-Dec 1 in Orlando, Fl). (http://www.taser.com/documents/Orange_Co_FL_Div_of_Justice_Study.pdf)

Human Effectiveness and Risk Characterization of Electromuscular Incapacitation Devices (Report by the United States Department of Defense Human Effects Center of Excellence October 18, 2004) (http://www.taser.com/documents/HECOE_Report_Summary_101804.pdf)

Brian Rappert, NON-LETHAL WEAPONS AS LEGITIMISING FORCES?: TECHNOLOGY, POLITICS AND THE MANAGEMENT OF CONFLICT (Routledge 2003) (http://www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk)

Law & Science Journals

Wayne C. McDaniel, Robert A. Stratbucker, Max Nerheim & James E. Brewer, Cardiac Safety of Neuromuscular Incapacitating Defensive Devices, 28 PACE S284 (Jan. 2005) (http://www.taser.com/documents/PACE_Dr_McDaniel_Rpt.pdf)

Emma Jenkinson, Clare Neeson & Anthony Bleetman, The Relative Risk of Police Use-of-Force Options: Evaluating the Potential for Deployment of Electronic Weaponry, 13 J. CLINICAL FORENSIC MED. 229 (July 2006) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.006)

Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy, Donald Wallick, Kay Ryschon, Mina K. Chung, Jagdish Butany, David Martin, Walid Saliba, William Kowalewski, Andrea Natale & Patrick J. Tchou, Effects of Cocaine Intoxication on the Threshold for Stun Gun Induction of Ventricular Fibrillation, 48 J. AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY 805 (Aug. 2006) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2006.03.055)

Srikanth Sadhu, Sergio Leal, Cesar J. Herrera & Richard F. Kehoe, Ventricular Fibrillation and Death After TASER Injury, 3 HEART RHYTHM S72 (May 2006) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2006.02)

Laurent M. Haegeli, Laurence D. Sterns, David C. Adam & Richard A. Leather, Effect of a Taser Shot to the Chest of a Patient With an Implantable Defibrillator, 3 HEART RHYTHM 339 (Mar. 2006) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2005.12)

J. Strote, R. Campbell, J. Pease, M.S. Hamman & R. Hutson, The Role of Tasers in Police Restraint-Related Deaths, 46 ANNALS EMERGENCY MED. 85 (Sep. 2005) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.06.314)

Raymond M Fish, & Leslie A Geddes, Effects of Stun Guns and Tasers, 358 THE LANCET 687 (Sep. 2001) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05950-5)

Mark Wilhelm, Skin Penetration Assessment of Less Lethal Kinetic Energy Munitions, 50 J. FORENSIC SCI. 1276 (Nov. 2005) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/JFS2004551)

Newspapers & Magazines

Should Cops Stop Using Tasers? The Force Science Research Center Weighs In On the Controversy, FORCE SCI. NEWS, Dec. 12, 2004, at 27 (http://www.forcesciencenews.com/home/detail.html?serial=8)

Dave Young, The Boston Incident: Understanding Non-Lethal Technology, POLICEONE.COM (From Ongoing Column: Specialized Training & Tactics Nov. 16, 2004) (http://www.policeone.com/writers/columnists/DaveYoung)

Beth Daley & Jonathan Saltzman, 'Nonlethal' Guns Causing Alarm, BOSTON GLOBE, Oct. 22, 2004, at A1 (http://www.boston.com/news/globe)

Becky Lewis, NIJ’s Less-Than-Lethal Flash-Bang Round Project, 65 CORRECTIONS TODAY 117, (Aug. 2003) (http://www.aca.org/publications/ctmagazine.asp)

Press Release, PepperBall Technologies, Inc., PepperBall Technologies Makes Non-Lethal Weapons Available to Private Security Industry (September 30, 2004) (http://www.pepperball.com/press_release.asp?ID=6)

Press Release, ACLU Northern California, Oakland Prohibits "Less Than Lethal" Weapons for Crowd Control: Oakland Anti-War Demonstrators Lawsuit Results in the First New and Comprehensive Police Policy in the Country (Nov. 14, 2004) (http://sf.indymedia.org/news/2004/11/1706116.php)

Miscellaneous

Clayton Moss, Less than Lethal Weapons, INTERNATIONAL ENCYCLOPEDIA OF JUSTICE STUDIES (http://www.iejs.com/TechnologyandCrime/Law_Enforcement_Technology/less_than_lethal_weapons.htm)

National Security Research Inc., Analysis of Airport Security Measures and the Role of Less-Lethal Weapons (Research sponsored by the National Institute of Justice) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/lesslethal/projects.htm)

Dr. B. Jon Klauenbergs, Human Effects Center of Excellence (Research sponsored by the National Institute of Justice. This project will provide independent and objective analysis of non-lethal weaponry by the Air Force Research Laboratory) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/lesslethal/projects.htm)

Enhancing Local and State Law Enforcement’s Understanding and Use of Emerging Technology (Research sponsored by the National Institute of Justice - IACP will publish an Executive Brief on EMDT devices that will provide law enforcement with the latest information on electro-muscular disruption devices, and how use of these devices influences policy, legal, and procedural guidelines) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/lesslethal/projects.htm)

Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Injuries Produced by Law Enforcement Use of Less-lethal Weapons: A Prospective Multicenter Trial, (Research sponsored by the National Institute of Justice - Researchers will collect data on the proportion of suspects who sustain injuries after less-lethal weapons) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/lesslethal/projects.htm)

University of Wisconsin, Model Electric Current through the Human Body from Less-lethal EMDT Devices (Research sponsored by the National Institute of Justice - Researchers will attempt to determine safety margins related to potential cardiac fibrillation) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/lesslethal/projects.htm)

Verifying Reported Effectiveness of EMDT Devices in Reducing Deaths and Injuries and a Review of Less-lethal Technology Operational Needs (Research sponsored by the National Institute of Justice) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/lesslethal/projects.htm)

University of California – San Diego, Effects of TASER on the Human Blood (Research sponsored by the National Institute of Justice) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/lesslethal/projects.htm)

NIJ Study: Deaths Following Electro-Muscular Disruption (Research sponsored by the National Institute of Justice) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/lesslethal/projects.htm)

Hearing on Less-Than-Lethal Weapons Before the Subcommittee on Aviation of the H. Committee on Transportation And Infrastructure, 107th Cong. (May 2, 2002 ) (statement of the Honorable Sarah V. Hart, Director National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs) (http://www.house.gov/transportation/aviation/05-02-02/hart.html)

Amnesty International Staff, Excessive and Lethal Force? Amnesty International's Concerns about Deaths and Ill-Treatment Involving Police Use of Tasers, AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL, November 30, 2004 (http://web.amnesty.org/library/index/engamr511392004)

The Early Show: Taser Guns Stunning Students (CBS television broadcast June 30, 2005) (http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/06/30/earlyshow/living/parenting/main705380.shtml)

Books

Dennis C. Tanner & Matthew Tanner, FORENSIC ASPECTS OF SPEECH PATTERNS: VOICE PRINTS, SPEAKER PROFILING, LIE AND INTOXICATION DETECTION (Lawyers & Judges Publishing Co. 2004) (http://www.lawyersandjudges.com/productdetails.cfm?PC=1087)

Jose R. Almirall & Kenneth G. Furton, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF FIRE SCENE EVIDENCE (CRC Press 2004) (http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=7885)

Harald Weinrich, THE LINGUISTICS OF LYING (Univ. of Wash. Press 2006) (http://www.washington.edu/uwpress/search/books/WEILIN.html)

S. Rose & Kenneth G. Furton, Fundamentals of Forensic Breath and Blood Alcohol Testing, in DRUNK DRIVING DEFENSE (Lawrence Taylor & Stever Oberman, eds., 6th ed., Aspen Law & Business 2005) (http://www.aspenpublishers.com/Default.asp?cookie%5Ftest=1)

Treatises/Practice Guides

Jordan S. Gruber, Fausto Tito Poza & Anthony J. Pellicano, Audio Recordings: Evidence, Experts and Technology, 48 AM. JUR. TRIALS 1 (2006)

Manuel Sanchez & Lisa Carrizales, The Use of Biomechanical Experts In Product Liability Litigation, 46 AM. JUR. TRIALS 631 (2006)

Hon. D. Duff Mckee, Challenge to Eyewitness Identification through Expert Testimony, 35 Am. Jur. Proof of Facts 3d 1 (2006)

Dana G. Deaton, The Daubert Challenge to the Admissibility of Scientific Evidence, 60 AM. JUR. TRIALS 1 (2006)

Michael H. Graham, Subjects of Expert Testimony, 3 HANDBOOK OF FED. EVID. § 702:6 (6th ed.)

Law Reviews & Journals

Brian A. Eckenrode, Scott A. Ramsey, Rex A. Stockham, Gary J. Van Berkel, Keiji G. Asano & Dennis A. Wolf, Performance Evaluation of the Scent Transfer Unit for Organic Compound Collection & Release (STU-100) for Organic Compound, 51 J. FORENSIC SCI. 780 (2006) (http://www.aafs.org/?section_id=journal_of_fs&page_id=contact_info)

A. Broeders, Of Earprints, Fingerprints, Scent Dogs, Cot Deaths and Cognitive Contamination—A Brief Look at the Present State of Play in the Forensic Arena, 159 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 148 (June 2006) (http://gort.ucsd.edu/newjour/f/msg02471.html)

Rebecca Parrott Waldren, Note, Expectations and Practical Results in Fingerprinting Technology: Where is the Line Drawn? 31 J. LEGIS. 397 (2005) (http://law.nd.edu/jleg/index.html)

Paul Root Wolpe, Kenneth R. Foster & Daniel D. Langleben, Emerging Neurotechnologies for Lie-Detection: Promises and Perils, 5 AM. J. OF BIOETHICS 39 (April 2005) (http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=1526-5161&volume=5&issue=2&spage=39)

K. Dickson & M. McMahon, Will the Law Come Running? The Potential Role of “Brain Fingerprinting” in Crime Investigation and Adjudication in Australia, 13 J. LAW MED. 204 (2004) (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)

Rex A. Stockham, Dennis L. Slavin & William Kift, Specialized Use of Human Scent in Criminal Investigations, 6 FORENSIC SCI. COMMUNICATIONS (July 2004) (http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/july2004/research/2004_03_research03.htm)

J. Peter Rosenfeld, Brain Fingerprinting: A Critical Analysis, THE SCI. 4 REV. OF MENTAL HEALTH PRAC. (Spring-Summer 2005) (http://www.srmhp.org/0401/brain-fingerprinting.html)

Amy D. Wills, Neonaticide: The Necessity of Syndrome Evidence When Safe Haven Legislation Falls Short, 77 TEMP. L. REV. 1001 (2004) (http://law.bepress.com/templelr)

Veronica Dahir, J. T. Richardson, G. P. Ginsburg, S. I. Gatowski, S. A. Dobbin, & M. L. Merlino, Note, Judicial Application of Daubert to Psychological Syndrome and Profile Evidence, 11 PSYCHOL. PUB. POL'Y & L. 62 (2005) (http://www.apa.org/journals/law)

A.M. Curran, S.I. Rabin & K.G. Furton, Analysis of the Uniqueness and Persistence of Human Scent, 7 FORENSIC SCI. COMM. (April 2005) (http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/april2005/research/2005_04_research02.htm)

J.M. Perr, K.G. Furton & J.R. Almirall, Solid Phase Microextractionion Mobility Spectrometer Interface for Explosive and Taggant Detection, 28 J. SEPARATION SCI. 177 (February 2005) (http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jissue/109883960)

A.M. Curran, P.A. Prada, A.A. Schoon, J.R. Almirall and K.G. Furton, Chapter, Human Scent as a Biometric Measurement, in BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGY FOR HUMAN IDENTIFICATION II (Anil K. Jain, ed., SPIE-International Society for Optical Engine 2005) (http://bookstore.spie.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=detailpaper&cachedsearch=1&productid=603820&producttype=pdf&CFID=2478032&CFTOKEN=78326650)

A.M. Curran, S.I. Rabin & K.G. Furton, Comparison of the Volatile Organic Compounds Present in Human Odor Using SPME-GC/MS, 31 J. CHEMICAL ECOLOGY 1607 (2005) (http://www.springer.com/10886)

R.J. Harper, J.R. Almirall & K.G. Furton, Identification of Dominant Odor Chemicals Emanating from Explosives for Use in Developing Optimal Training Aid Combinations & Mimics for Canine Detection, 67 TALANTA 313 (2005) (http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/525438/description#description)

Kenneth G. Furton & D.P. Heller, Advances in the Reliable Location of Forensic Specimens through Research and Consensus Best Practice Guidelines for Dog and Orthogonal Instrumental Detectors, 3 CAN. J. POLICE & SEC. SERVICES 97 (Special Issue: Advances in Forensic Science) (2005) (http://www.uregina.ca/policejournal)

Jose R. Almirall & Kenneth G. Furton, Paper, Characterization of Background and Pyrolysis Products That May Interfere with the Forensic Analysis of Fire Debris, 71 J. ANALYT. APPL. PYROLYSIS 51 (2003) (http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/502687/description#description)

David S. Caudill, Advocacy, Witnesses, and the Limits of Scientific Knowledge: Is There an Ethical Duty To Evaluate Your Expert's Testimony? 39 IDAHO L. REV. 341 (2003) (http://www.law.uidaho.edu/default.aspx?pid=74194)

Emily L. Baggett, The Standards Applied to the Admission of Soft Science Experts in State Courts, 26 AM. J. TRIAL ADVOC. 149 (2002) http://www.samford.edu/schools/law/trialjournal)

Kendall Coffey, Inherent Judicial Authority and the Expert Disqualification Doctrine, 56 FLA. L. REV. 195 (2004) (http://www.floridalawreview.org)

Mark Brodin, Behavioral Science Evidence in the Age of Daubert: Reflections of a Skeptic, 73 U. CIN. L. REV. 867 (2005) (http://www.law.uc.edu/lawreview/index.html)

Edward Cheng & Albert H. Yoon, Does Frye or Daubert Matter? A Study of Scientific Admissibility Standards, 91 VA. L. REV. 471 (2005) (http://www.virginialawreview.org) Clark Hedger, Daubert and the States: A Critical Analysis of Emerging Trends, 49 ST. LOUIS U. L.J. 177 (2004) (http://law.slu.edu/journals/slulj.html)

Stephen Pappas, Curing the Daubert Disappointment: Evidence-Based Medicine & Expert Medical Testimony, 46 S. TEX. L. REV. 595 (2005) (http://www.stcl.edu/lr/index.html)

J. Eric Smithburn, The Trial Court's Gatekeeper Role Under Frye, Daubert, and Kumho: A Special Look at Children's Cases, 4 WHITTIER J. CHILD & FAM. ADVOC. 3 (2004) (http://www.law.whittier.edu/academic_programs/wjcfa/thejournal.asp)

Kimberly Keller, Sobering Up Daubert: Recent Issues Arising in Alcohol-Related Expert Testimony, 46 S. TEX. L. REV. 111 (2004) (http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/tlr)

David E. Bernstein & Jeffrey D. Jackson, THE DAUBERT TRILOGY IN THE STATES, 44 JURIMETRICS J. 351 (2004) (http://www.law.asu.edu/?folderid=2681)

David W. Barnes, General Acceptance Versus Scientific Soundness: Mad Scientists in the Courtroom, 31 FLA. ST. U. L. REV. 303 (2004) (http://www.law.fsu.edu/Journals/lawreview)

Gary Edmond, Gary and David Mercer, Daubert and the Exclusionary Ethos: The Convergence of Corporate and Judicial Attitudes towards the Admissibility of Expert Evidence in Tort Litigation, 26 LAW & POL'Y 231 (2004)

Douglas Mossman, Daubert, Cognitive Malingering, and Test Accuracy, 27 LAW & HUM. BEHAV. 229 (2003)

Mary Ellen Reilly, Expert Testimony on Sexually Abused Child Syndrome in a Child Protective Proceeding: More Hurtful Than Helpful, 3 CARDOZO PUB. L. POL'Y & ETHICS J. 419 (2005) (http://www.cardozo.yu.edu/cplpej)

Dyane Noonan, Where Do We Go From Here? A Modern Jurisdictional Analysis of Behavioral Expert Testimony in Child Sexual Abuse Prosecutions, 38 SUFFOLK U. L. REV. 493 (2005) (http://www.law.suffolk.edu/highlights/stuorgs/lawreview) Simon A. Cole, Does "Yes" Really Mean Yes? The Attempt to Close Debate on the Admissibility of Fingerprint Testimony, 45 JURIMETRICS J. 449 (2005) (http://www.law.asu.edu/default.aspx?folderid=2681)

Simon A. Cole, More Than Zero: Accounting for Error in Latent Fingerprint Identification, 95 J. CRIM. L. & CRIMINOLOGY 985 (2005) (http://www.law.northwestern.edu/jclc)

Kristin Romandetti, Recognizing and Responding to a Problem with the Admissibility of Fingerprint Evidence Under Daubert, 45 JURIMETRICS J. 41 (2004) (http://www.law.asu.edu/default.aspx?folderid=2681)

Simon A. Cole, Grandfathering Evidence: Fingerprint Admissibility Rulings From Jennings to Llera Plaza and Back Again, 41 AM. CRIM. L. REV. 1189 (2004) (http://www.law.georgetown.edu/journals/aclr)

Nathan Benedict, Fingerprints and the Daubert Standard for Admission of Scientific Evidence: Why Fingerprints Fail and a Proposed Remedy, 46 ARIZ. L. REV. 519 (2004) (http://www.law.arizona.edu/Journals/ALR)

Grams, Rick M., Walking the Line of Admissibility: Why Maryland Courts Should Reexamine the Admissibility of Field Sobriety Tests, 34 U. BALT. L. REV. 365 (2005) (http://law.ubalt.edu/lawreview)

Garrett E. Land, Judicial Assessment or Judicial Notice? An Evaluation of the Admissibility Standards For DNA Evidence and Proposed Solutions to Repress the Current Efforts to Expand Forensic DNA Capabilities, 9 J. MED. & L. 95 (2005) (http://www.msu.edu/~msujml)

Dale A. Nance & Scott B. Morris, Juror Understanding of DNA Evidence: An Empirical Assessment of Presentation Formats For Trace Evidence With a Relatively Small Random-Match Probability, 34 J. LEGAL STUD. 395 (2005) (http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/JLS/journal)

Jordan K. Garrison, Courts Face the Exciting and the Inevitable: DNA in Civil Trials, 23 REV. LITIG. 435 (2004) (http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/troll)

Steven A. Drizin & Richard A. Leo, The Problem of False Confessions in the Post-DNA World, 82 N.C. L. REV. 891 (2004) (http://www.nclrev.unc.edu/cocoon/nclrev)

Newspaper/Magazine Articles

Michael Cherry & Edward Imwinkelried, A Cautionary Note about Fingerprint Analysis and Reliance on Digital Technology, CHAMPION MAGAZINE, August 2006, at 27 (http://www.nacdl.org/public.nsf/01c1e7698280d20385256d0b00789923/0556cc0fd4e51ab7852571e300634d52?OpenDocument)

Stephen L. Jones, To DUI or Not to DUI, That Is the Question, CHAMPION MAGAZINE, August 2006, at 35 (http://www.nacdl.org/public.nsf/01c1e7698280d20385256d0b00789923/5bb70b60ac855838852571e300634d53?OpenDocument)

Earl Lane, Judges Grapple with Neuroscience Issues, Article posted on AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE (AAAS), July 12, 2006 (http://www.aaas.org/news/releases/2006/0712neuroscience.shtml)

Books

Cynthia Holt, GUIDE TO INFORMATION SOURCES IN THE FORENSIC SCIENCES (Libraries Unlimited 2006) http://lu.com/showbook.cfm?isbn=9781591582212

Diana Botluk, THE LEGAL LIST: RESEARCH ON THE INTERNET (Thomson West 2006) http://west.thomson.com/store/product.aspx?r=137993&product_id=14676447

Neil Selwyn, Stephen Gorard & John Furlong, ADULT LEARNING IN THE DIGITAL AGE: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND THE LEARNING SOCIETY (Taylor & Francis Group 2006) http://www.taylorandfrancis.com

Jason Payne-James, Roger W. Byard, Tracey S. Corey, and Carol Henderson, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FORENSIC AND LEGAL MEDICINE (Academic Press 2005) http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/702420/description#description

National Institute of Justice, EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN FORENSIC SCIENCE: A GUIDE FOR FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORIES, EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND STUDENTS: SPECIAL REPORT (June 2004) http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/203099.htm

James J. Duderstadt, Daniel E. Atkins & Douglas Van Houweling, HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE DIGITAL AGE: TECHNOLOGY ISSUES AND STRATEGIES FOR AMERICAN COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES (Praeger 2002) http://www.greenwood.com/catalog/OXHEF.aspx

Steven Babitsky, James J. Mangraviti & Christopher J. Todd, THE COMPREHENSIVE FORENSIC SERVICES MANUAL: THE ESSENTIAL RESOURCES FOR ALL EXPERTS (SEAK 2000) http://www.seak.com/webstore/detail.asp?id=20

Jay Siegel, Geoffrey Knupfer and Pekka Saukko, eds., ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FORENSIC SCIENCES (Academic Press 2005) http://books.elsevier.com/us//socsci/us/subindex.asp?maintarget=&isbn=0122272153&country=United+States&srccode=&ref=&subcode=&head=&pdf=&basiccode=&txtSearch=&SearchField=&operator=&order=&community=socsci

Articles

Ronald B Wilkes, Judith C Simon & Lloyd D Brooks, A Comparison of Faculty and Undergraduate Students' Perceptions of Online Courses and Degree Programs, 17 JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS EDUCATION 131 (2006) http://www.jise.appstate.edu

Liz Martinez, Learning Online, LAW ENFORCEMENT TECHNOLOGY, May 2006, at 84 http://www.officer.com/magazines/let

Ellen Sexton, Resources for Forensic Psychology: A Selective Bibliography, 32 REFERENCE SERVICES REVIEW 195 (2004) http://www.emeraldinsight.com/info/journals/rsr/rsr.jsp

Elizabeth Stacey, Peter J Smith & Karin Barty, Adult Learners in the Workplace: Online Learning and Communities of Practice, 25 DISTANCE EDUCATION 107 (2004) http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/01587919.asp

Diane Duffey, Using the Web to Research Expert Witnesses: Learn Some Strategies and Web Sites to Consider When Looking Online for Information on Expert Witnesses, 77 WISCONSIN LAWYER 22 (Feb. 2004) http://www.wisbar.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Current_Issue1&Template=/WisconsinLawyer.cfm

Kristine M. Alpi, Criminal Investigation and Forensic Science: Sources for Scholars and Aficionados, 64 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES NEWS 590 (Oct. 2003) http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlpubs/crlnews/collegeresearch.htm

Cynthia Holt, Science & Technology Resources on the Internet: Forensic Science Resources on the Internet, ISSUES IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LIBRARIANSHIP, #37, Spring 2003. http://www.istl.org/03-spring/internet.html

A.R.W. Forrest, Hunting Truffles: Keeping Up with the Latest in Forensic Research Literature, 43 SCIENCE & JUSTICE 1 (January-March 2003) (Editorial) http://www.forensic-science-society.org.uk/publications/saj.html

Robert E. Gaensslen, Forensic Science Education and Educational Requirements for Forensic Scientists, 21 NEACT JOURNAL 19 (Summer/Fall 2002) http://www.neact.org/journal.html

Niamh Nic Daeid, The Development of Interactive World Wide Web Based Teaching Material in Forensic Science, 32 BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 105 (Jan. 2001) http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0007-1013

B. Caddy, Educating and Training the Forensic Practitioner for the New Millennium, 40 SCIENCE & JUSTICE 143 (April-June 2000) (Proceedings of the 40th Anniversary Meeting of the Forensic Science Society, November 1999) http://www.forensic-science-society.org.uk/publications/saj.html

M.R. Nash & R.L. Faraino, Internet Resources in Legal Medicine and Forensic Science, 18 MEDICAL REFERENCE SERVICES QUARTERLY 59 (Spring 1999) http://www.haworthpress.com/store/product.asp?sku=J115

Katherine B. Killoran, Forensic Science: A Library Research Guide, 24 REFERENCE SERVICES REVIEW 15 (1996) (annotated bibliography) http://www.emeraldinsight.com/info/journals/rsr/rsr.jsp

Gordon Russell, A Pathfinder on the Admissibility of Forensic DNA Evidence in Criminal Cases, 13 LEGAL REFERENCE SERVICES QUARTERLY 19 (1994) http://www.haworthpress.com/store/product.asp?sid=RCPH9G8JGM2E8G510A2KR82PVGBQFDS2&sku=J113

Valerie A. Yonker, Penny K. Young & Seth Horowitz, Coverages and Overlaps in Bibliographic Databases Relevant to Forensic Medicine: A Comparative Analysis of MEDLINE, 78 BULLETIN OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION 49 (Jan. 1990) http://www.mlanet.org/publications/jmla/index.html

Indexes/Abstracts

National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law ncstl.org

Forensic Science Abstracts (in EMBASE) www.elsevier.com/wps/product/cws_home/506012

NCJRS www.ncjrs.gov

FORS (Forensic Abstracts) www.forensic.gov.uk/forensic_t/inside/products/fors/fors.htm

SHERLOCK http://justice.doj.ca.gov/sherlock

PubMed/MEDLINE http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi

BIOSIS http://www.biosis.org

SciFinder http://www.cas.org/SCIFINDER/scicover2.html

Web Sites

CourtTV Crime Library: Forensics & Investigation http://www.crimelibrary.com/criminal_mind/forensics/index.html

Crime Lab Project http://www.crimelabproject.com

Crimelynx http://www.crimelynx.com

Daubert Tracker http://www.dauberttracker.com

Forensic Science Education Programs Accreditation Commission http://www.aafs.org/default.asp?section_id=aafs&page_id=committees&subpage_id=fepac

Forensic Science Resources http://www.tncrimlaw.com/forensic

Forensic Sciences: GWU Gelman Library http://www.gwu.edu/gelman/guides/sciences/forensics.html

Forensictrak http://www.forensictrak.com

Kruglick's Forensic Resource and Criminal Law Search http://www.bioforensics.com/kruglaw

National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology & the Law http://ncstl.org

Reddy's Forensic Page http://www.forensicpage.com

Science & Technology Resources on the Internet: Forensic Science Resources on the Internet http://www.istl.org/03-spring/internet.html

Other

FORENSICnetBASE/LawENFORCEMENTnetBASE from CRCPress features online access to the full text of over 100 forensic/law enforcement-related books. http://www.forensicnetbase.com

Virginia Institute of Forensic Science & Medicine, Glossary of Forensic Terms Related to a Death Investigation. http://www.vifsm.org/overview/glossary.html

National Conference for Science, Technology and the Law 2005 - Bibliographies

2009-07-03 13:33:06

The Investigation, Prosecution, and Defense of Cybercrime Cases (1)
The Investigation of Abuse: Use of Science, Technology and Law in Detection and Resolution (5)
Ensuring Accuracy and Reliability in Science and Technology (9)
Balancing Information Sharing and Privacy Concerns (13)
Emerging Legal Issues With Science and Police Investigation Tools (17)
Impact of New Technologies on the Criminal Justice System (21)
THE INVESTIGATION, PROSECUTION, AND DEFENSE OF CYBERCRIME CASES

Ryan M.F. Baron, A Critique of the International Cybercrime Treaty, 10 COMMLAW CONSPECTUS 263 (Summer 2002) (http://commlaw.cua.edu).

Susan W. Brenner & Joseph J. Schwerha, IV, Transnational Evidence Gathering and Local Prosecution of International Cybercrime, 20 J. MARSHALL J. COMPUTER & INFO. L. 347 (Spring 2002) (http://www.jcil.org/journal/articles/152.html).

Aaron Burnstein, A Survey of Cybercrime in the United States, 18 BERKELEY TECH. L.J. 314 (Winter 2003) (http://www.law.berkeley.edu/journals/btlj/articles/vol18/index.htm).

Danielle Cangemi, Procedural Law Provisions of the Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (Collecting and Producing Electronic Evidence in Cybercrime Cases), 18 INT'L REV. L. COMPUTERS & TECH. 165 (July 2004) (http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=v7uca5frkgyjt8cq).

Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-474, 100 Stat. 1213 (codified at 18 U.S.C. § 1030 (2000)) (http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/casecode/uscodes/18/parts/i/chapters/47/sections/section_1001.html).

Council of Europe, Convention on Cybercrime (and related documents) (http://www.coe.int/T/E/Legal_affairs/Legal_co-operation/Combating_economic_crime/Cybercrime).

CYBER FORENSICS: A FIELD MANUAL FOR COLLECTING, EXAMINING, AND PRESERVING EVIDENCE OF COMPUTER CRIMES, (Albert J. Marcella Jr. & Robert S. Greenfield eds., Auerbach Publications, CRC Press, 2002) (http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=AU0955&parent_id=&pc=).

Cybercrime Effort Should Be on Criminals, Not Terrorists, British Lawmaker Contends, 73 U.S.L.W. 2473 (Feb. 15, 2005) (http://www.bna.com/index.html).

CYBERCRIME: SECURITY AND SURVEILLANCE IN THE INFORMATION AGE, (Brian Loader & Douglas Thomas eds., Routledge--Taylor & Francis Group 2000) (http://www.routledge-ny.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=&isbn=0415213258&parent_id=&pc=).

Ed Dadisho, Identity Theft and the Police Response, 72 Police Chief 46 (Mar. 2005) (http://policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display_arch&article_id=538&issue_id=32005).

Jean-Marc Dinant, The Long Way From Electronic Traces to Electronic Evidence (Collecting and Producing Electronic Evidence in Cybercrime Cases), 18 INT'L REV. L. COMPUTERS & TECH. 173 (July 2004) (http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=61rm7ujjanmytm9q).

Richard W. Downing, Shoring Up the Weakest Link: What Lawmakers Around the World Need to Consider in Developing Comprehensive Laws to Combat Cybercrime, 43 COLUM. J. TRANSNAT'L L. 705 (Spring 2005) (http://www.columbia.edu/cu/jtl).

Gary R. Gordon, Norman A. Willox, Jr. & Thomas Regan, IDENTITY FRAUD: A CRITICAL NATIONAL AND GLOBAL THREAT (Lexis-Nexis & Economic Crime Institute Oct. 28, 2003) (http://www.ecii.edu/identity_fraud.pdf).

Jessica Habib, Cyber Crime and Punishment: Filtering Out Internet Felons, 15 FORDHAM INTELL. PROP. MEDIA & ENT. L.J. 1051 (Spring 2004) (http://law.fordham.edu/publications/index.ihtml?pubid=200).

Gerald L. Kovacich & William C. Boni, HIGH TECHNOLOGY CRIME INVESTIGATOR'S HANDBOOK: WORKING IN THE GLOBAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT (Reed Elsevier: Butterworth-Heinemann 2000) (http://books.elsevier.com/us//computerscience/us/subindex.asp?maintarget=&isbn=075067086X&country=United+States&srccode=&ref=&subcode=&head=&pdf=&basiccode=&txtSearch=&SearchField=&operator=&order=&community=computerscience).

Kyllo v. United States, 533 U.S. 27 (2001) (http://laws.findlaw.com/us/533/27.html).

Michele C.S. Lange & Kristin M. Nimsger, ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE AND DISCOVERY: WHAT EVERY LAWYER SHOULD KNOW (ABA 2004) (http://www.abanet.org/abastore/index.cfm?section=main&fm=Product.AddToCart&pid=5450035).

Michael L. Levy, ETHICS SHOW WITH MIKE LEVY (Videorecording, DOJ 2002) (http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/eousa/ole/video.html).

Jonathan Littman, THE FUGITIVE GAME: ONLINE WITH KEVIN MITNICK (Little, Brown & Co. 1996) (http://www.twbookmark.com/books/94/0316528692/index.html).

Ronald L. Mendell, INVESTIGATING COMPUTER CRIME IN THE 21ST CENTURY (2d ed., Charles C. Thomas Publisher 2004) (http://www.ccthomas.com/details.cfm?P_ISBN=0398075255).

Bruce Middleton, CYBER CRIME INVESTIGATOR'S FIELD GUIDE (Auerbach Publications, CRC Press 2002) (http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=AU2768&parent_id=&pc=).

Mirriam F. Miquelon-Weismann, The Convention on Cybercrime: A Harmonized Implementation of International Penal Law; What Prospects for Procedural Due Process?, 23 J. MARSHALL J. COMPUTER & INFO. L. 329 (Winter 2005) (http://www.jcil.org).

Kevin D. Mitnick & William L. Simon, THE ART OF INTRUSION: THE REAL STORIES BEHIND THE EXPLOITS OF HACKERS, INTRUDERS & DECEIVERS (Wiley Publishing, Inc. 2005) (http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0764569597.html).

Sean Morgan & James Johnson, 21ST CENTURY PHRAUD: THREE JURISDICTIONS’ EFFORTS TO COMBAT TELECOMMUNICATIONS FRAUD (Bureau of Justice Assistance & American Prosecutors Research Institute 2005) (http://www.ndaa-apri.org/pdf/21st_century_phraud.pdf).

Nick Nykodym & Robert Taylor, The World's Current Legislative Efforts Against Cyber Crime, 20 COMPUTER L. & SEC. REP. 390 (Sept.-Oct. 2004) (http://www.compseconline.com/premium_article/premcl.htm#2005_3).

Chris Prosise & Kevin Mandia, INCIDENT RESPONSE AND COMPUTER FORENSICS (2d ed., McGraw-Hill/Osborne 2003) (DOI: 10.1036/007222696X) (http://books.mcgraw-hill.com/getbook.php?isbn=007222696X&template=).

Mark Rasch, Columns, SECURITYFOCUS (http://www.securityfocus.com) (ongoing).

Mark D. Rasch, Criminal Law and the Internet, in THE INTERNET AND BUSINESS: A LAWYER'S GUIDE TO THE EMERGING LEGAL ISSUES (Joseph F. Ruh Jr. ed., Computer Law Ass’n 1996) (http://www.cla.org/RuhBook).

Mark D. Rasch, Video Game Makers Fight against Those Who Tinker with Software, BROWARD DAILY BUS. REV., Aug. 3, 2005, at 10, (http://www.dailybusinessreview.com).

James R. Richards, TRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS, CYBERCRIME, AND MONEY LAUNDERING: A HANDBOOK FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS, AUDITORS AND FINANCIAL INVESTIGATORS (CRC Press 1999) (http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/search/search.asp).

Douglas Schweitzer, INCIDENT RESPONSE: COMPUTER FORENSICS TOOLKIT (Wiley Publishing, Inc. 2003) (http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0764526367.html).

Debra Littlejohn Shinder, SCENE OF THE CYBERCRIME: COMPUTER FORENSICS HANDBOOK (Syngress Publishing 2002) (http://www.syngress.com/catalog/?pid=2250).

Eric J. Sinrod & William P. Reilly, Cyber-Crimes: A Practical Approach to the Application of Federal Computer Crime Laws, 16 SANTA CLARA COMPUTER & HIGH TECH. L.J. 177 (May 2000) (http://www.scu.edu/techlaw).

Reid Skibell, Cybercrimes and Misdemeanors: A Reevaluation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, 18 BERKELEY TECH. L.J. 3 (Summer 2003) (http://www.law.berkeley.edu/journals/btlj/articles/vol18/Skibell.web.pdf).

Special Report: Experts Say Identity Theft Ranks High Among Privacy, Security Topics for 2005, 73 U.S.L.W. 2430 (Jan. 25, 2005) (http://www.bna.com/index.html)

Nora Lockwood Tooher, Identity Theft Cases Create Growing Practice Niche: Lawyers Thrive in High-Volume, Cutting-Edge Practice Area, LAW. WKLY. USA, Sept. 13, 2004, at 17 (http://www.lawyersweeklyusa.com).

United States v. Knotts, 460 U.S. 276 (1983) (http://laws.findlaw.com/us/460/276.html).

United States v. Mitnick, No. 97-50365.D.C. & No. CR-95-00603-MRP-1, 145 F.3d 1342 (Table), 1998 WL 255343 (9th Cir. May 20, 1998), cert. denied, 525 U.S. 917 (1998) (http://www.freekevin.com/051498affirm.html). See more court documents at http://www.freekevin.com/docs.html.

John R. Vacca, COMPUTER FORENSICS: COMPUTER CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION (With CD-ROM) (Networking Series, Charles River Media, Inc. 2002).

Ian Walden, Forensic Investigations in Cyberspace for Civil Proceedings (Collecting and Producing Electronic Evidence in Cybercrime Cases), 18 INT'L REV. L. COMPUTERS & TECH. 275 (July 2004) (http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=auuv9cwxq9xg2l0e).

Natalie White, Identity Theft Victim Wins Verdict Against Credit Reporting Company, LAW. WKLY. USA, Feb. 28, 2005, at 21 (http://www.lawyersweeklyusa.com).

THE INVESTIGATION OF ABUSE: USE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND LAW IN DETECTION AND RESOLUTION

American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect & Committee on Children with Disabilities, Assessment of Maltreatment of Children with Disabilities, 108 PEDIATR. 508 (2001) (http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/108/2/508).

American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect, Distinguishing Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Treatment from Child Abuse Fatalities, 107 PEDIATR. 437 (Feb. 2001) (http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/107/2/437).

American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect & Committee on Community Health Services, Investigation and Review of Unexpected Infant and Child Deaths, 104 PEDIATR. 1158 (Nov. 1999) (http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/104/5/1158).

American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect, Shaken Baby Syndrome: Rotational Cranial Injuries – Technical Report, 108 PEDIATR. 206 (2001) (http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/108/1/206).

American Prosecutors Research Institute, INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE (3d ed., SAGE Publications 2003) (http://www.sagepub.com/book.aspx?pid=9954).

Jody M. Ball, CONDUCTING CHILD ABUSE INVESTIGATIONS (Thomas Investigative Publications 1996) (http://www.pimall.com/nais/bk.childab.html).

Holly Beard & Brian K. Payne, Portrayal of Elder Abuse in the National Media, 29 Am. J. Crim. Just. 269 (2005) (http://www.scja.net/journal.htm).

Robert W. Block, What Doctors Who Perform Child Abuse Medical Evaluations Want the Rest of the Team to Know, 91 J. OKLA. STATE MED. ASS’N 457 (1998) (http://www.osmaonline.org/dynamic_pages/dynamic_pageview.asp?ident=1499718016).

Robert W. Block, Child Abuse – Controversies and Imposters, 29 CURR. PROB. PEDIATR. 253 (1999) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-9380(99)80058-9).

Douglas O. Crewse, INVESTIGATOR'S HANDBOOK FOR NURSING HOME ABUSE AND NEGLECT INVESTIGATIONS (Thomas Investigative Publications 2004) (http://www.pimall.com/nais/nursinghomeabuse.html).

Michael J. Davidson, Governmental Responses to Elder Abuse and Neglect in Nursing Homes: The Criminal Justice System and the Civil False Claims Act, 12 ELDER L.J. 327 (Fall 2004) (http://home.law.uiuc.edu/elderlaw).

Gregory G. Davis, John L. Carroll, David Barber, Richard E. Powers, Investigation of Long-Term Care Deaths Within a Medical Examiner System, 11 ANNALS LONG-TERM CARE 29 (November 2003) (http://www.mmhc.com/altc/index.cfm).

False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729-3733 (2000) (http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/ts_search.pl?title=31&sec=3729).

Lisa M. Gibbs & Laura Mosqueda, Confronting Elder Mistreatment in Long-Term Care, 12 ANNALS LONG-TERM CARE 30 (Apr. 2004) (http://www.mmhc.com/altc/displayArticle.cfm?articleID=altcac1973).

Amy C. Gruszecki, Julieanna Edwards, Richard E. Powers and Gregory G. Davis, Investigation of Elderly Deaths in Nursing Homes by the Medical Examiner Over a Year, 25 AM. J. FORENSIC MED. & PATHOLOGY 209, (2004) (http://www.amjforensicmedicine.com/pt/re/ajfmp/abstract.00000433-200409000-00006.htm;jsessionid=DJ16p2zPJr2txYdcH1Rmpw5rez4FBp8TMEdrAwGTZX8TJSTDpJ12!1556005714!-949856145!9001!-1).

John M. Heath, Carmel B. Dyer, Lawrence J. Kerzner, Laura Mosqueda, and Carole Murphy, Four Models of Medical Education in Elder Mistreatment, 77 ACAD. MED. 1101 (2002) (http://www.academicmedicine.org/cgi/content/abstract/77/11/1101).

Candace J. Heisler & Lori A. Stiegel, Enhancing the Justice System's Response to Elder Abuse: Discussions and Recommendations of the "Improving Prosecution" Working Group of the National Policy Summit on Elder Abuse, 14 J. ELDER ABUSE & NEGLECT 31 (2002) (DOI: 10.1300/J084v14n04_05) (https://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?sid=0EXG7HX7A64T9HSG6HX7TSS1ARGS1F0A&ID=35333).

Charles Hollis & Lon McDougal, Fifty-One Experiments in Combating Elder Abuse: A Survey of State Criminal Laws Relating to Elder Abuse and Mandatory Reporting, (2003) (http://www.ndaa-apri.org/publications/apri/wwc_publications.html).

Kent P. Hymel, Carole Jenny & Robert W. Block, Intracranial Hemorrhage and Rebleeding in Suspected Victims of Abusive Head Trauma: Addressing the Forensic Controversies, 7 CHILD MALTREATMENT 329 (Nov. 2002) (DOI: 10.1177/107755902237263) (http://cmx.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/7/4/329).

Lisa M. Jones, Theodore P. Cross, Wendy A. Walsh & Monique Simone, Criminal Investigation of Child Abuse: The Research Behind "Best Practices," 6 TRAUMA, VIOLENCE, & ABUSE: A REVIEW JOURNAL 254 (July 2005) (http://www.sagepub.com/journal.aspx?pid=39).

Bryan J. Kemp and Laura A. Mosqueda, Elder Financial Abuse: An Evaluation Framework and Supporting Evidence, 53 J. AM. GERIATRICS SOC’Y 1123 (2005) (http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53353.x).

Erik Lindbloom, Julie Brandt, Catherine Hawes, Charles Phillips, David Zimmerman, James Robinson, Barbara Bowers & Patricia McFeeley, ROLE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE IN IDENTIFICATION OF MISTREATMENT DEATHS IN LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES: FINAL REPORT (Report to DOJ from Univ. Missouri-Columbia 01/2005) (http://www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/nij/grants/209334.pdf).

Mark L. Miller & James L. Johnson, PROTECTING AMERICA’S SENIOR CITIZENS: WHAT LOCAL PROSECUTORS ARE DOING TO FIGHT ELDER ABUSE (Bureau of Justice Assistance & American Prosecutors Research Institute 2003) (http://www.ndaa-apri.org/pdf/protecting_americas_senior_citizens_2003.pdf).

Minority Staff, U.S. House of Representatives Comm. on Government Reform, ABUSE OF RESIDENTS IS A MAJOR PROBLEM IN U.S. NURSING HOMES (Comm. Print 2001), available at http://www.elderabusecenter.org.

Sean P. Morgan & Jason M. Scott, PROSECUTION OF ELDER ABUSE, NEGLECT & EXPLOITATION: CRIMINAL LIABILITY, DUE PROCESS AND HEARSAY (Bureau of Justice Assistance & American Prosecutors Research Institute 2003) (http://www.ndaa-apri.org/pdf/elder_abuse_web.pdf).

Laura Mosqueda, Kerry Burnight, Solomon Liao, and Bryan Kemp, Advancing the Field of Elder Abuse: A New Model for Integration of Social and Medical Services, 44 GERONTOLOGIST 703 (2004) (http://gerontologist.gerontologyjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/44/5/703).

Laura Mosqueda, Kerry Burnight, Solomon Liao, The Lifecycle of Bruises in Older Adults, 53 J. AM. GERIATRICS SOC’Y 1339 (Aug. 2005) (http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53406.x).

Laura Mosqueda, John Heath and Kerry Burnight, Recognizing Physical Abuse and Neglect in the Skilled Nursing Facility: The Physician’s Responsibilities, 2 J. AM. MED. DIRECTORS ASS’N 183 (July 2001) (http://www.jamda.com/issues/contents).

Brian K. Payne & Laura Burke Fletcher, Elder Abuse in Nursing Homes: Prevention and Resolution Strategies and Barriers, 33 J. CRIM. JUST. 119 (Mar. 2005) (doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2004.12.003) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2004.12.003).

Protecting Older Americans: A History of Federal Action on Elder Abuse, Neglect, and Exploitation, 14 J. ELDER ABUSE & NEGLECT 9 (Feb. 2004) (DOI: 10.1300/J084v14n02_03) (https://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?sid=0EXG7HX7A64T9HSG6HX7TSS1ARGS1F0A&ID=42629).

Kelly Riddle, NURSING HOME ABUSE INVESTIGATIONS (Book & Video formats) (2d ed. Thomas Investigative Publications 2002) (http://www.pimall.com/nais/bk.nur.html).

Debra A. Santo-Novak, Jeri W. Duncan, Kathy R. Grisson and Richard E. Powers, A Tool for Measuring Staff Knowledge Related to Geriatric Mental Health, 27 J. GERONTOLOGICAL NURSING 29 (2001) (http://www.slackinc.com/allied/JGN).

Rebecca R.S. Socolar, Doren D. Fredrickson, Robert Block, Joyce K. Moore, Susanne Tropez-Sims & J. M. Whitworth, State Programs For Medical Diagnosis Of Child Abuse And Neglect: Case Studies Of Five Established Or Fledgling Programs, 25 CHILD ABUSE & NEGL. 441 (Apr. 2001) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00219-8).

ENSURING ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

American Bar Association, Ad Hoc Committee to Ensure the Integrity of the Criminal Process, RESOLUTIONS ADDRESSING CRIME LABORATORIES, EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION, INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURES, AND STANDARDS FOR PROSECUTORS, approved by the House of Delegates at the 2004 Annual Meeting. See http://www.abanet.org/crimjust/news/home.html.

American Bar Association, Ad Hoc Committee to Ensure the Integrity of the Criminal Process, RESOLUTION ADDRESSING FALSE CONFESSIONS, approved by the House of Delegates at the 2004 Midyear Meeting. See http://www.abanet.org/crimjust/news/home.html.

Ake v. Oklahoma, 470 U.S. 68 (1985) (http://laws.findlaw.com/us/470/68.html).

Berry v. City of Detroit, 25 F.3d 1342 (6th Cir. 1994), cert. denied, 513 U.S. 1111 (1995).

R. Bramley, Quality in the Laboratory, 43 SCI. & JUST. 104 (April-June 2003) (http://www.forensic-science-society.org.uk/publications/saj.html).

John C. Burnham, The Evolution of Editorial Review, 263 JAMA 1323 (March 9, 1990) (http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/263/10/1323).

David S. Caudill & Lewis H. LaRue, Why Judges Applying the Daubert Trilogy Need to Know About the Social, Institutional, and Rhetorical - and Not Just the Methodological - Aspects of Science, 45 B.C. L. REV. 1 (December 2003) (http://www.bc.edu/schools/law/lawreviews/meta-elements/journals/bclawr/45_1/01_FMS.htm).

An-Wen Chan, Asbjørn Hróbjartsson, Mette T. Haahr, Peter C. Gøtzsche & Douglas G. Altman, Empirical Evidence for Selective Reporting of Outcomes in Randomized Trials: Comparison of Protocols to Published Articles, 291 JAMA 2547 (May 26, 2004) (http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/291/20/2457).

Effie J. Chan, Note, The 'Brave New World' of Daubert: True Peer Review, Editorial Peer Review, and Scientific Validity, 70 N.Y.U. L. REV. 100 (April 1995) (http://www.law.nyu.edu/journals/lawreview).

Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579 (1993) (http://laws.findlaw.com/us/509/579.html).

Gary Edmond, Judicial Representations of Scientific Evidence, 63 MOD. L. REV. 216 (2000) (http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0026-7961).

Margaret Farrell, Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc.: Epistemiology and Legal Process, 15 CARDOZO L. REV. 2183 (1994) (http://www.cardozolawreview.com).

Henry F. Fradella, Lauren O'Neill & Adam Fogarty, The Impact of Daubert in Forensic Science, 31 PEPP. L. REV. 323 (January 2004) (http://law.pepperdine.edu/organizations/law_review).

Frye v. United States, 54 App. D.C. 46, 293 F. 1013 (D.C. Cir. 1923) (http://www.law.ufl.edu/faculty/little/topic8.pdf).

General Electric Co. v. Joiner, 522 U.S. 136 (1997) (http://laws.findlaw.com/us/522/136.html).

Paul C. Giannelli, Ake v. Oklahoma: The Right to Expert Assistance in a Post-Daubert, Post-DNA World, 89 CORNELL L. REV. 1305 (September 2004) (http://organizations.lawschool.cornell.edu/clr/september2004.htm).

Paul C. Giannelli, Daubert Revisited, 41 CRIM. L. BULL. 302 (May-June 2005) (http://west.thomson.com/store/product.asp?product_id=14938017).

Paul C. Giannelli, The 'Science' of Wrongful Convictions, 18 CRIM. JUST. 55 (Spring 2003) (http://www.abanet.org/crimjust/spring2003/scientific_evidence.html).

Susan Haack, DEFENDING SCIENCE-WITHIN REASON: BETWEEN SCIENTISM AND CYNICISM (Prometheus Books 2003) (http://www.prometheusbooks.com).

Susan Haack, Epistemology Legalized: Or, Truth, Justice, And The American Way, 49 AM. J. JURIS. 43 (2004) (http://www.nd.edu/~ndlaw/ajj).

Susan Haack, Truth and Justice, Inquiry and Advocacy, Law and Science, 7 J. LEGAL & SOC. THEORY 103 (2003).

Susan Haack, Truth, Truths, "Truth" and "Truths" in the Law, 26 HARV. J.L. & PUB. POL'Y 17 (Winter 2003) (http://www.law.harvard.edu/students/orgs/jlpp/index.html).

Mark Hansen, The Uncertain Science of Evidence, 91 A.B.A. J. 49 (July 2005) (http://www.abanet.org/journal).

Clark Hedger, Daubert and the States: A Critical Analysis of Emerging Trends, 49 ST. LOUIS U. L.J. 177 (Fall 2004) (http://law.slu.edu/journals/slulj.html).

Tom Jefferson, Philip Alderson, Elizabeth Wager & Frank Davidoff, Effects of Editorial Peer Review: A Systematic Review, 287 JAMA 2784 (June 5, 2002) (http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/287/21/2784).

Tom Jefferson, Elizabeth Wager & Frank Davidoff, Measuring the Quality of Editorial Peer Review, 287 JAMA 2786 (June 5, 2002) (http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/287/21/2786).

Horace Freeland Judson, Structural Transformations of the Sciences and the End of Peer Review, 272 JAMA 92 (July 13, 1994) (http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/vol272/issue2/index.dtl).

Justice for All Act of 2004, Pub. L. No. 108-405, 118 Stat. 2260 (http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?c108:5:./temp/~c1083gfL4i::).

Kumho Tire Co. v. Carmichael, 526 U.S. 137 (1999) (http://laws.findlaw.com/us/526/137.html).

Brian C. Martinson, Melissa S. Anderson & Raymond de Vries, Scientists Behaving Badly, 435 NATURE 737 (June 9, 2005) (doi: 10.1038/435737a) (http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v435/n7043/full/435737a.html).

National Institute of Justice, FORENSIC SCIENCES: REVIEW OF STATUS AND NEEDS (Issues and Practices Series 1999) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/173412.htm).

Office of Law Enforcement Standards, National Institute of Justice, FORENSIC LABORATORIES: HANDBOOK FOR FACILITY PLANNING, DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND MOVING (Research Report Series 1998) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/168106.htm).

PEER REVIEW IN HEALTH SCIENCES (Tom Jefferson & Fiona Godlee, eds., 2d ed., Blackwell BMJ Books 2003) (http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/book.asp?ref=0727916858&site=21).

Lawrence S. Pinsky, The Use of Scientific Peer Review and Colloquia to Assist Judges in the Admissibility Gatekeeping Mandated by Daubert, 34 HOUS. L. REV. 527 (Summer 1997) (http://www.houstonlawreview.org).

Drummond Rennie, Guarding the Guardians: A Conference on Editorial Peer Review, 256 JAMA 2391 (Nov. 7, 1986) (http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/vol256/issue17/index.dtl).

Michael J. Saks, The Aftermath of Daubert: An Evolving Jurisprudence of Expert Evidence, 40 JURIMETRICS J. 229 (2000) (http://www.law.asu.edu/?id=8212).

Michael J. Saks, D. Michael Risinger, R. Rosenthal & W.C. Thompson, Context Effects in Forensic Science: A Review and Application of the Science of Science to Crime Laboratory Practice in the United States, 43 SCI. & JUST. 77 (April-June 2003) (http://www.forensic-science-society.org.uk/publications/saj.html).

D.R. Schudel, J.E. McLaughlin & C.M. Selavka, Health and Safety in Forensic Applications, in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FORENSIC SCIENCEs (Jay Siegel, Geoffrey Knupfer & Pekka Saukko eds., Harcourt Brace 2000) (http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/673576/description#description).

Carl M. Selavka, Quality in Toxicology, in WAS IT A POISONING? FORENSIC TOXICOLOGISTS SEARCHING FOR ANSWERS (Irving Sunshine ed., Society of Forensic Toxicologists 1998).

C.M. Selavka & I.S. Krull, The Systematic Application of Analytical Tools in Forensic Analyses, in 2 ADVANCES IN FORENSIC SCIENCE: INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS 239 (H.C. Lee & R.E. Gaensslen eds., Mosby Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc., Chicago 1989) (http://www.powells.com/biblio/4-081515349x-0).

C.M. Selavka, A.P. Mason, C.D. Riker & S. Crookham, Determination of Fentanyl in Hair: The Case of the Crooked Criminalist, 40 J. FORENSIC SCIENCES 681 (1995) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/2351.htm).

C.M. Selavka & R.A. Middleberg, What Constitutes an Appropriate Chain of Custody Document, and Why Does it Matter?, 20 TOX TALK 6 (1996) (http://www.soft-tox.org/?pn=publications&sp=ToxTalk).

Alan W. Tamarelli, Jr., Note, Pushing the Limits of Scientific Reliability - The Questionable Wisdom of Abandoning the Peer Review Standard for Admitting Expert Testimony, 47 VAND. L. REV. 1175 (May 1994) (http://law.vanderbilt.edu/lawreview/home.html).

Technical Working Group for Education and Training in Forensic Science, National Institute of Justice, EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN FORENSIC SCIENCES: A GUIDE FOR FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORIES, EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, AND STUDENTS (2004) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/203099.htm).

Jacob I. Trombka, Jeffrey Schweitzer, Carl Selavka, Mark Dale, Norman Gahn, Samuel Floyd, James Marie, Maritza Hobson, Jerry Zeosky, Ken Martin, Timothy McClanahan, Pamela Solomon & Elyse Gottschang, Crime Scene Investigations Using Portable, Non-Destructive Space Exploration Technology, 129 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 1 (2002) (doi:10.1016/S0379-0738(02)00079-8) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0379-0738(02)00079-8).

United States v. Havvard, 117 F. Supp. 2d 848 (S.D. Ind. 2000) (http://www.insd.uscourts.gov/search_opinions.htm).

Martha K. Wivell, Deliver a Daubert-Proof Expert Report, 39 TRIAL 38 (December 2003) (http://www.atla.org/publications/trial/0312/contents.aspx).

BALANCING INFORMATION SHARING AND PRIVACY CONCERNS

Robert D. Bickel, Susan Brinkley & Wendy White, Seeing Past Privacy: Will the Development and Application of CCTV and Other Video Security Technology Compromise an Essential Constitutional Right in a Democracy, or Will the Courts Strike a Proper Balance?, 33 STETSON L. REV. 299 (Fall 2003) (http://www.law.stetson.edu/lawrev/abstracts/PDF/33-1Bickel.pdf).

Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-508, 100 Stat. 1848 (codified in scattered sections of 18 U.S.C.) (Successor to Title III of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, Pub. L. No. 90-351, 82 Stat 212, 8 U.S.C. §§2510-2521) (http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/ts_search.pl?title=18&sec=2510).

ETHICAL ISSUES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS (Ali Salehnia ed., IRM Press 2002) (http://www.idea-group.com/books/details.asp?id=311).

Linda E. Fisher, Guilt by Expressive Association: Political Profiling, Surveillance and the Privacy of Groups, 46 ARIZ. L. REV. 621 (Winter 2004) (http://www.law.arizona.edu/Journals/ALR/ALR2004/contents.htm).

Michael J. Freedman, Joan Feigenbaum, Tomas Sander & Adam Shostack, Privacy Engineering for Digital Rights Management Systems: ACM Workshop on Security and Privacy in Digital Rights Management 2001, 2320/2002 LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCI. 76 (http://www.springerlink.com).

Ian Goldberg, Austin Hill & Adam Shostack, Trust, Ethics and Privacy, 81 B.U. L. REV. 407 (Apr. 2001) (http://www.bu.edu/law/lawreview).

H. Tomás Gómez-Arostegui, Defining Private Life under the European Convention on Human Rights by Referring to Reasonable Expectations, 35 CAL. W. INT'L L.J. 153 (Spring 2005) (http://www.cwsl.edu/main/default.asp?nav=journals.asp&body=journals/home.asp).

Emanuel Gross, The Struggle of a Democracy Against Terrorism--Protection of Human Rights: The Right to Privacy Versus the National Interest--the Proper Balance, 37 CORNELL INT'L L.J. 27 (2004) (http://organizations.lawschool.cornell.edu/ilj/37-1.htm).

Stephen E. Henderson, Learning from Hoosiers and Razorbacks -- How to Apply the Fourth Amendment and Its State Analogs to Third Party Information (forthcoming 2006).

Stephen E. Henderson, Nothing New Under the Sun? A Technologically Rational Doctrine of Fourth Amendment Search, 56 MERCER L. REV. 507 (2005) (http://www.law.mercer.edu/academics/lawreview/lrarticle.cfm?lrarticleid=255).

Homeland Security Presidential Directive/HSPD-6, 39 WEEKLY COMP. PRES. DOC. 1234 (Sept. 22, 2003) (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/09/20030916-5.html) (Established the Terrorist Screening Center).

INFORMATION ETHICS: PRIVACY AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY (Lee Freeman & A. Graham Peace eds., InfoSci 2005) (http://www.idea-group.com/books/details.asp?id=4491).

Jerry Kang & Dana Cuff, Pervasive Computing: Embedding the Public Sphere, 62 WASH. & LEE L. REV. 93 (Winter 2005) (http://law.wlu.edu/journals/lawreview/TOC/TOCvol62iss1.htm).

Erin E. Kenneally, The Bytes Stop Here: Liability For Negligent Internet Security, COMPUTER SECURITY INSTITUTE JOURNAL (Fall 2000) (http://www.gocsi.com/membersonly/category.jhtml?catID=14137).

Erin E. Kenneally, Confluence of Digital Evidence and the Law: On the Forensic Soundness of Live-Remote Digital Evidence Collection, 9 UCLA J.L. & TECH. __ (Fall 2005) (http://www.lawtechjournal.com).

Erin E. Kenneally, U.S. v. Mitnick: A Case That Defined the Internet Threat, in Fred Smith and Rebecca Bace, A GUIDE TO FORENSIC TESTIMONY (Addison-Wesley 2003) (http://safari.awprofessional.com/?XmlId=0201752794).

Erin E. Kenneally, Who’s Liable for Insecure Networks?, 35 IEEE COMPUTER (June 2002) (http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/MC.2002.1009176).

Kyllo v. United States, 533 U.S. 27 (2001) (http://laws.findlaw.com/us/533/27.html).

Albert J. Marcella, Jr. & Carol Stucki, PRIVACY HANDBOOK: GUIDELINES, EXPOSURES, POLICY IMPLEMENTATION, AND INTERNATIONAL ISSUES (Wiley 2003) (http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471232092.html).

Pennsylvania State Police, State Police, PCCD Announce Changes to Improve Collection, Sharing of Information by Law Enforcement Agencies (Press Release August 27, 2003, announced the creation of the Pennsylvania Criminal Intelligence Center (PaCIC)) (http://www.psp.state.pa.us/psp/cwp/view.asp?A=11&Q=170383).

THE PRIVACY PAPERS: MANAGING TECHNOLOGY, CONSUMER, EMPLOYEE, AND LEGISLATIVE ACTION (Rebecca Herold ed., Auerbach Pubs, Best Practices Series Vol. 23, 2001) (http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?id=&parent_id=&sku=AU1248&pc=).

Christopher Slobogin, Peeping Techno-Toms and the Fourth Amendment: Seeing Through Kyllo's Rules Governing Technological Surveillance, 86 MINN. L.REV. 1393 (June 2002) (http://www.law.umn.edu/lawreview/v86n6.htm).

Christopher Slobogin, Public Privacy: Camera Surveillance of Public Places and the Right to Anonymity, 72 MISS. L.J. 213 (2002) (http://www.olemiss.edu/orgs/mslj).

Christopher Slobogin, Subpoenas and Privacy, 54 DEPAUL L. REV. 805 (Spring 2005) (http://www.law.depaul.edu/students/organizations_journals/student_orgs/lawdlr).

Christopher Slobogin, Technologically-Assisted Physical Surveillance: The American Bar Association's Tentative Draft Standards, 10 HARV. J. L. & TECH. 383 (Summer 1997) (http://jolt.law.harvard.edu/p.cgi/articles/v10.html).

Christopher Slobogin, Transaction Surveillance by the Government (forthcoming, MISS. L. J., Fall 2005) (http://www.olemiss.edu/orgs/mslj).

Daniel J. Solove, Digital Dossiers and the Dissipation of Fourth Amendment Privacy, 75 S. CAL. L. REV. 1083 (July 2002) (http://www-rcf.usc.edu/cgi-local/usclrev/Pageprint1.cgi).

Daniel J. Steinbock, National Identity Cards: Fourth and Fifth Amendment Issues, 56 FLA. L. REV. 697 (Sept. 2004) (http://www.floridalawreview.org).

Brett Stohs, Privacy, Free Speech & The Garden Grove Cyber Café Experiment, 2004 DUKE L. & TECH. REV. 12 (Oct. 15, 2004) (http://www.law.duke.edu/journals/dltr/articles/2004dltr0012.html).

Symposium, Crime and Technology, 10 HARV. J.L. & TECH. 383 (Summer 1997) (http://jolt.law.harvard.edu/p.cgi/articles/v10.html).

Symposium, The Effect of Technology on Fourth Amendment Analysis and Individual Rights, 72 MISS. L.J. 1 (Fall 2002) (http://www.olemiss.edu/orgs/mslj).

Symposium, The Future of Internet Surveillance Law: A Symposium to Discuss Internet Surveillance, Privacy & the USA Patriot Act, 72 GEO. WASH. L. REV. 1139 (August 2004) (http://docs.law.gwu.edu/stdg/gwlr/issues/72-6.htm).

Symposium, Modern Studies in Privacy Law, 86 MINN. L. REV. 1097 (June 2002) (http://www.law.umn.edu/lawreview/v86n6.htm).

Symposium, Privacy and Identity: Constructing, Maintaining, and Protecting Personhood, 54 DEPAUL L. REV. 657 (Spring 2005) (http://www.law.depaul.edu/students/organizations_journals/student_orgs/lawdlr).

Lee Tien, Privacy, Technology and Data Mining, 30 OHIO N.U. L. REV. 389 (2004) (http://www.onu.edu/org/law_review/default.htm).

United States General Accounting Office, BORDER SECURITY: NEW POLICIES AND PROCEDURES ARE NEEDED TO FILL GAPS IN THE VISA REVOCATION PROCESS (GAO-03-798 June 18, 2003) (Testimony Before the Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats, and International Relations, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives, Statement of Jess T. Ford, Director International Affairs and Trade) (http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/library/report/gao/d03908t.pdf).

United States General Accounting Office, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TERRORIST WATCH LISTS SHOULD BE CONSOLIDATED TO PROMOTE BETTER INTEGRATION AND SHARING (GAO-03-322 Apr. 15, 2003) (http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d03322.pdf).

United States v. Mitnick, No. 97-50365.D.C. & No. CR-95-00603-MRP-1, 145 F.3d 1342 (Table), 1998 WL 255343 (9th Cir. May 20, 1998), cert. denied, 525 U.S. 917 (1998) (http://www.freekevin.com/051498affirm.html). See more court documents at http://www.freekevin.com/docs.html.

EMERGING LEGAL ISSUES with SCIENCE AND POLICE INVESTIGATION TOOLS

Marc Jonathan Blitz, Video Surveillance and the Constitution of Public Space: Fitting the Fourth Amendment to a World That Tracks Image and Identity, 82 TEX. L. REV. 1349 (May 2004) (http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/tlr/abstracts/82/82blitz.pdf).

John C. Brigham & Heather S. Hyme, Dealing with Fallible Eyewitness Evidence: How Scientific Research and Expert Testimony Can Help, Part 1, 24 TRIAL LAW. 301 (2001) (http://abstractsdb.ncjrs.org/content/AbstractsDB_Details.asp?index=0&perpage=25&ncjnum=208941&docIndex=11&chkBoxBitFlags=00000000000).

Jeffrey W. Childers, Kyllo V. United States: A Temporary Reprieve from Technology-Enhanced Surveillance of the Home, 81 N.C. L. REV. 728 (January 2003) (http://nclrev.unc.edu/cocoon/nclrev/any-issue.xsp?id=481).

Steven E. Clark & Elizabeth Loftus, Eyewitness Evidence, in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF POLICE SCIENCE (3d ed. Routledge, in press) (http://www.routledge.com).

Steven E. Clark and Jennifer L. Tunnicliff, Selecting Lineup Foils in Eyewitness Identification Experiments: Experimental Control and Real-World Simulation, 25 LAW & HUM. BEHAV. 199 (2001) (DOI: 10.1023/A:1010753809988) (http://www.springerlink.com/link.asp?id=tl1249j3n7h17286).

Jules Epstein, Capital Case Litigation, in David Rudovsky & Leonard Sosnov, CRIMINAL PROCEDURE FORMS & COMMENTARY (Pennsylvania Practice Series Vol. 2, Thomson*West 2002 & Supp. 2005) (http://west.thomson.com/product/22032285/product.asp).

Jules Epstein, Constitutional Aspects of Criminal Investigation, in POLICE INVESTIGATION HANDBOOK (Matthew Bender 1995) (now Thomas P. Mauriello, CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION HANDBOOK) (http://bookstore.lexis.com/bookstore).

Jules Epstein, Defense of Homicide Cases, in CRIMINAL DEFENSE TECHNIQUES (Matthew Bender 2001) (http://bookstore.lexis.com/bookstore/catalog?action=product&prod_id=10546&cat_id=BSA).

Jules Epstein, Examination of Eyewitnesses, in CRIMINAL DEFENSE TECHNIQUES (Matthew Bender 1997) (http://bookstore.lexis.com/bookstore/catalog?action=product&prod_id=10546&cat_id=BSA).

Jules Epstein, Identification Evidence - Constitutional and Evidentiary Principles, in CRIMINAL DEFENSE TECHNIQUES (Matthew Bender 2003) (http://bookstore.lexis.com/bookstore/catalog?action=product&prod_id=10546&cat_id=BSA).

Jules Epstein, Motions to Suppress Statements and Identifications, in CRIMINAL DEFENSE TECHNIQUES (Matthew Bender 1997) (http://bookstore.lexis.com/bookstore/catalog?action=product&prod_id=10546&cat_id=BSA).

Jules Epstein, Pre-Trial Representation in Narcotics Cases, in DEFENSE OF NARCOTICS CASES (2001 Matthew Bender) (http://bookstore.lexis.com/bookstore).

Jules Epstein, The Prosecution and Defense of Child Sexual Assault, in B. Anthony Morosco, THE PROSECUTION AND DEFENSE OF SEX CRIMES (Matthew Bender 2002) (http://bookstore.lexis.com/bookstore).

Jules Epstein, The Prosecution and Defense of Forcible Sex Crimes, in B. Anthony Morosco, THE PROSECUTION AND DEFENSE OF SEX CRIMES (Matthew Bender 2002) (http://bookstore.lexis.com/bookstore).

Robin Feldman, Considerations on the Emerging Implementation of Biometric Technology, 25 HASTINGS COMM. & ENT. L.J. 653 (Spring-Summer 2003) (http://w3.uchastings.edu/comment/index.html).

Max Guirguis, Electronic Visual Surveillance and the Reasonable Expectation of Privacy, 9 J. TECH. L. & POL'Y 143 (Dec. 2004) (http://grove.ufl.edu/~techlaw/vol9/issue2/guirguis.html).

Hearing On Bill 15-1073, Electronic Recording Procedures Act Of 2004, and Bill 15-1071, Eyewitness Identification Procedure Act Of 2004, Before the D.C. City Council (D.C. November 15, 2004) (Statement Of Andrew Vail, Jenner & Block LLP, Chicago, Ill.) (http://www.dccouncil.washington.dc.us).

Kyllo v. United States, 533 U.S. 27 (2001) (http://laws.findlaw.com/us/533/27.html).

G. Daniel Lassiter, Patrick J. Munhall, Andrew L. Geers, Ian M. Handley & Paul E. Weiland, Criminal Confessions on Videotape: Does Camera Perspective Bias Their Perceived Veracity?, 7 CURRENT RES. SOC. PSYCHOL. (2001) (www.uiowa.edu/~grpproc/crisp/crisp.7.1.htm).

Mass Metal Detector Screening of Protestors Away From Protest Site Held Unconstitutional, 73 U.S.L.W. 1235 (Oct. 26, 2004) (http://www.bna.com/index.html).

Ian K. McKenzie, Eyewitness Evidence: Will the United States Guide for Law Enforcement Make A Difference?, 7 INT’L J. OF EVIDENCE & PROOF 237 (2003) (http://www.extenza-eps.com/VAT/doi/pdf/10.1350/ijep.7.4.237.21942?cookieSet=1).

Alexander T. Nguyen, Here's Looking At You, Kid: Has Face-Recognition Technology Completely Outflanked The Fourth Amendment?, 7 VA. J.L. & TECH. 2 (Spring 2002) (http://www.vjolt.net/vol7/issue1/v7i1_a02-Nguyen.PDF).

Christopher Slobogin, Toward Taping, 1 OHIO ST. J. CRIM. L. 309 (Fall 2003) (http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/osjcl/slobogin.pdf).

Thomas P. Sullivan, The Police Experience: Recording Custodial Interrogations, Dec. 2004 CHAMPION 24 (Dec. 2004) (http://www.nacdl.org/public.nsf/freeform/championmag?OpenDocument).

Thomas P. Sullivan, Police Experience with Recording Custodial Interrogations, 88 JUDICATURE 132 (Nov.-Dec. 2004) (http://www.ajs.org/ajs/publications/ajs_judicature.asp).

Thomas P. Sullivan, POLICE EXPERIENCES WITH RECORDING CUSTODIAL INTERROGATIONS (Nw. U. Sch. L. Center on Wrongful Convictions Special Report 2004) (http://www.jenner.com/policestudy).

Thomas P. Sullivan, Recording Custodial Interrogations, Mar. 2005 L. & ORD. 46 (Mar. 2005).

Thomas P. Sullivan, Recording Custodial Interrogations: The Police Experience, Jan. 2005 Fed. Law. 20 (Jan. 2005) (http://www.fedbar.org/magazine.html).

Thomas P. Sullivan and Andrew W. Vail, A Wise Police Station Reform, __ ABA LITIG. MAG. __ (forthcoming Fall 2005) (http://www.abanet.org/litigation/periodicals/magazine/home.html).

Symposium, The Effect of Technology on Fourth Amendment Analysis and Individual Rights, 72 MISS. L.J. 1 (Fall 2002) (http://www.olemiss.edu/orgs/mslj).

Symposium, Privacy & Surveillance: Emerging Legal Issues, 30 Ohio N.U. L. Rev. 295 (2004) (http://www.onu.edu/org/law_review/symposium.htm).

Technical Working Group for Eyewitness Evidence, EYEWITNESS EVIDENCE: A GUIDE FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT (NIJ October 1999) (http://www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/nij/178240.pdf).

Technical Working Group for Eyewitness Evidence, EYEWITNESS EVIDENCE: A TRAINER'S MANUAL FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT (NIJ 2003) (http://www.ncjrs.org/nij/eyewitness/188678.pdf).

Jennifer L. Tunnicliff & Steven E. Clark, Selecting Foils for Identification Lineups: Matching Suspects or Descriptions?, 24 LAW & HUM. BEHAV. 231 (2000) (DOI: 10.1023/A:1005463020252) (http://www.springerlink.com/link.asp?id=lhx4ln6575973614).

Jon S. Vernick, Matthew W. Pierce, Daniel W. Webster, Sara B. Johnson, Shannon Frattaroli, Technologies to Detect Concealed Weapons: Fourth Amendment Limits on a New Public Health and Law Enforcement Tool, 31 J.L. MED. & ETHICS 567 (Winter 2003) (https://www.aslme.org/aslmesecure/shop/show_product.php?prod_id=179).

IMPACT OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES ON THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

W. S. Becker, W. M. Dale, A. Lambert & D. Magnus, Forensic Lab Directors’ Perceptions of Staffing Issues, 50 J. FORENSIC SCI. __ (Sept. 2005) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/4953.htm) (DOI: 10.1520/JFS2005201).

Wendy S. Becker & W. Mark Dale, Strategic Human Resource Management in the Forensic Science Laboratory, 5 FORENSIC SCI. COMM. (Oct. 2003) (http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/oct2003/2003_10_research01.htm).

Marc Jonathan Blitz, Video Surveillance and the Constitution of Public Space: Fitting the Fourth Amendment to a World That Tracks Image and Identity, 82 TEX. L. REV. 1349 (May 2004) (http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/tlr/abstracts/volume82.html).

Wayne F. Cascio, COSTING HUMAN RESOURCES: THE FINANCIAL IMPACT OF BEHAVIOR IN ORGANIZATIONS (4th ed., Thomson*South-Western 2000) (http://websites.swlearning.com/cgi-wadsworth/course_products_wp.pl?fid=M2b&product_isbn_issn=0324007094&discipline_number=416).

Jeffrey W. Childers, Kyllo v. United States: A Temporary Reprieve from Technology-Enhanced Surveillance of the Home, 81 N.C. L. REV. 728 (January 2003) (http://nclrev.unc.edu/cocoon/nclrev/any-issue.xsp?id=481).

W. Mark Dale & Wendy S. Becker, A Case Study of Forensic Scientist Turnover, 6 FORENSIC SCI. COMM. (July 2004) (http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/july2004/research/2004_03_research04.htm).

W. Mark Dale & Wendy S. Becker, Managing Intellectual Capital, FORENSIC SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS (In Press) (http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/current/index.htm).

W. Mark Dale & Wendy S. Becker, Strategy for Staffing Forensic Scientists, 48 J. FORENSIC SCI. 465 (Mar. 2003) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/4166.htm).

David L. Faigman, LABORATORY OF JUSTICE: THE SUPREME COURT'S 200-YEAR STRUGGLE TO INTEGRATE SCIENCE AND THE LAW (Times Books 2004) (http://www.henryholt.com/timesbooks.htm).

David L. Faigman, LEGAL ALCHEMY: THE USE AND MISUSE OF SCIENCE IN THE LAW (Henry Holt & Co. 2000) (http://www.henryholt.com/henryholt.htm).

Orin S. Kerr, The Fourth Amendment and New Technologies: Constitutional Myths and the Case for Caution, 102 MICH. L. REV. 801 (March 2004) (http://students.law.umich.edu/mlr/index.html).

D.J. Kippenberger & C.M. Selavka, Training in Specimen Handling, in MANUAL FOR ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY TRAINING (2d ed., Irving Sunshine & Susan J. Knight eds., Cal. Ass’n of Toxicologists 2001) (http://www.cal-tox.org/default.aspx?Page=Publications).

Kyllo v. United States, 533 U.S. 27 (2001) (http://laws.findlaw.com/us/533/27.html).

Amy Miller, Note, Kyllo v. United States: New Law Enforcement Technologies and the Fourth Amendment, 51 U. KAN. L. REV. 181 (Nov. 2002) (http://www.ku.edu/~kulaw/lawrev).

National Institute of Justice, FORENSIC SCIENCES: REVIEW OF STATUS AND NEEDS (NIJ Issues & Practices Series, 1999) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/173412.htm).

April A. Otterberg, Note, GPS Tracking Technology: The Case For Revisiting Knotts and Shifting the Supreme Court's Theory of the Public Space Under the Fourth Amendment, 46 B.C. L. REV. 661 (May 2005) (http://www.bc.edu/schools/law/lawreviews/meta-elements/journals/bclawr/46_3/volume_46_3_web.pdf).

April Pattavina, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM (SAGE Publications 2004) (http://www.sagepub.com/book.aspx?pid=10363).

Joseph L. Peterson & Jan S. Bashinski, Forensic Sciences, in LOCAL GOVERNMENT-POLICE MANAGEMENT. (4th ed., William Geller & Darrel Stephens eds., Int’l City Mgmt. Ass’n 2003) (http://bookstore.icma.org/obs/showdetl.cfm?&DID=7&Product_ID=1063&CATID=4).

Joseph L. Peterson & Matthew J. Hickman, CENSUS OF PUBLICLY FUNDED FORENSIC CRIME LABORATORIES (Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin, Feb. 2005) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/cpffcl02.htm).

Joseph L. Peterson, Impact of Biological Evidence on the Adjudication of Criminal Cases, in DNA TECHNOLOGY AND FORENSIC SCIENCE (Jack Ballantyne, George Sensabaugh & Jan Witkowski eds., Banbury Report 32, Cold Spring Harbor Press 1989) (http://www.cshlpress.com/default.tpl?action=full&cart=1125075445268880&--eqskudatarq=198&newtitle=DNA%20Technology%20and%20Forensic%20Science).

Joseph L. Peterson, Steven Mihajlovic & Joanne Bedrosian, The Capabilities, Uses, and Effects of the Nation's Criminalistics Laboratories, 30 J. FORENSIC SCI. 10 (Jan. 1985) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/602.htm).

Joseph L. Peterson & Julie Moore, The Status of AFIS Systems Worldwide: Issues of Organization, Performance and Impact, in PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FINGERPRINT DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION (Joseph Almog & Eliot Springer eds., Israel National Police 1996).

Joseph L. Peterson, John Ryan, Pauline Houlden & Steven Mihajlovic, The Uses and Effects of Forensic Science in the Adjudication of Felony Cases, 32 J. FORENSIC SCI. 1730 (November 1987) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/1064.htm).

Joseph L. Peterson & John Thornton, The General Assumptions and Rational for Forensic Identification, in MODERN SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE: THE LAW AND SCIENCE OF EXPERT TESTIMONY (David L. Faigman, David H. Kaye, Michael J. Saks & Joseph Sanders eds., West Group 2002) (http://west.thomson.com/store/product.asp?product_id=11599763).

Victoria Phillips, Michael Saks & Joseph L. Peterson, The Application of Signal Detection Theory to Decision-Making in Forensic Science, 46 J. FORENSIC SCI. 294 (Mar. 2001) (http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/3536.htm).

Proposed Amendments to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Address Concerns Raised by Increased Use of Electronic Discovery, 73 U.S.L.W. 2138 (Sept. 14, 2004) (http://www.bna.com/index.html).

Proposed Rule to Authorize E-Filings in Civil Matters Comes Before Judicial Panel for Consideration, 73 U.S.L.W. 2229 (Oct. 26, 2004) (http://www.bna.com/index.html).

D.R. Schudel, J.E. McLaughlin and C.M. Selavka, Health and Safety in Forensic Applications, in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FORENSIC SCIENCES (Jay Siegel, Geoffrey Knupfer & Pekka Saukko eds., Harcourt Brace 2000) (http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/673576/description#description).

Carl M. Selavka, Investigator: Why Should You Care About Hair Drug Testing?, 28 TEX. PROSECUTOR 30 (1998) (http://www.tdcaa.com/newsletters/index.asp?code=4&chapter=5#chapter5).

C.M. Selavka & D.J. Kippenberger, Philosophy for Continuing Professional Development in the Toxicology Laboratory, in MANUAL FOR ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY TRAINING (2d ed., Irving Sunshine & Susan J. Knight eds., Cal. Ass’n of Toxicologists 2001) (http://www.cal-tox.org/default.aspx?Page=Publications).

C.M. Selavka & I.S. Krull, The Systematic Application of Analytical Tools in Forensic Analyses, in 2 ADVANCES IN FORENSIC SCIENCE: INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS 239 (H.C. Lee & R.E. Gaensslen eds., Mosby Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc., Chicago 1989) (http://www.powells.com/biblio/4-081515349x-0).

C.M. Selavka & R.A. Middleberg, What Constitutes an Appropriate Chain of Custody Document, and Why Does it Matter?, 20 TOX TALK 6 (1996) (http://www.soft-tox.org/?pn=publications&sp=ToxTalk).

Daniel J. Steinbock, National Identity Cards: Fourth and Fifth Amendment Issues, 56 FLA. L. REV. 697 (Sept. 2004) (http://www.floridalawreview.org).

Symposium, Crime and Technology, 10 HARV. J.L. & TECH. 383 (Summer 1997) (http://jolt.law.harvard.edu/p.cgi/articles/v10.html).

Technical Working Group for Education and Training in Forensic Science, National Institute of Justice, EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN FORENSIC SCIENCES: A GUIDE FOR FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORIES, EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, AND STUDENTS (2004) (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/203099.htm).

George C. Thomas III, Time Travel, Hovercrafts, and the Framers: James Madison Sees the Future and Rewrites the Fourth Amendment, 80 NOTRE DAME L. REV. 1451 (April 2005) (http://law.nd.edu/ndlrev).

Sean D. Thueson, Note, Fourth Amendment Search--Fuzzy Shades of Gray: The New "Bright-Line" Rule in Determining When the Use of Technology Constitutes a Search: Kyllo v. United States, 121 S. Ct. 2038 (2001), 2 WYO. L. REV. 169 (2002) (http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/law/Student_life/lawreview.asp).

Jacob I. Trombka, Jeffrey Schweitzer, Carl Selavka, Mark Dale, Norman Gahn, Samuel Floyd, James Marie, Maritza Hobson, Jerry Zeosky, Ken Martin, Timothy McClannahan, Pamela Solomon & Elyse Gottschang, Crime Scene Investigations Using Portable, Non-Destructive Space Exploration Technology, 129 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 1 (Sept. 2002) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0379-0738(02)00079-8).

Forensic Science Literature and Resources: Lessons to Be Learned

2009-07-03 12:33:01

Bibliography handout from Carol Henderson’s presentation at the Actual Innocence for Texas Judges, Prosecutors and Defense Lawyers program, presented by The Center for American and International Law in cooperation with The American Judicature Society, Plano, Texas

Sharon Begley, Inertia, Hope, Morality Score TKOs in Bouts with 'Solid Science,' WALL STREET JOURNAL, June 6, 2003, at B1. http://www.psychology.iastate.edu/faculty/gwells/WallStreetJournalJune2003.html

Rick Casey, It's a Crime When Science Gets It Wrong, HOUSTON CHRONICLE, Sept. 18, 2005, at B1. http://truthinjustice.org/science-wrong.htm

CNN Presents: Reasonable Doubt: Can Crime Labs be Trusted? (CNN television broadcast Nov. 5, 2005). http://www.cnn.com/2005/EDUCATION/10/19/cnnpce.reasonable.doubt/index.html

Edward Connors, CONVICTED BY JURIES, EXONERATED BY SCIENCE: CASE STUDIES IN THE USE OF DNA EVIDENCE TO ESTABLISH INNOCENCE AFTER TRIAL (U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice 1996). http://www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles/dnaevid.pdf

Beth Daley, Foolproof Forensics?: Even Science May Not Make Verdicts Infallible, BOSTON GLOBE, June 8, 2004, at E1. http://www.boston.com/news/special/archives/?p1=GoToStorySearch_AdvancedSearch

James M. Doyle, TRUE WITNESS: COPS, COURTS, SCIENCE, AND THE BATTLE AGAINST MISIDENTIFICATION (Palgrave Macmillan 2005). http://www.palgrave-usa.com/Search/SearchResults.aspx?searchby=searchby&Qk=true+witness&submit.x=27&submit.y=11

Itiel E. Dror & David Charlton, Why Experts Make Errors, 56 J. FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION 600 (2006). http://www.theiai.org/publications

Georgann Eubanks, Overturning Wrongful Convictions, DUKE MAGAZINE, July-Aug. 2002. http://www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/dukemag/issues/070802/convictions.html

Paul C. Giannelli, Impact of Post-Conviction DNA Testing on Forensic Science, 35 NEW ENG. L. REV. 627 (2001). http://www.nesl.edu/lawrev/vol35/3/giannelli.PDF

Frank Green, Eyes Don't Always Have It: Eyewitnesses Can Be Sure But Still Be Wrong on ID, RICHMOND TIMES-DISPATCH, Jan. 28, 2002, at A-1. http://www.truthinjustice.org/jennifer-and-ronald.htm

Frank Green, Study Aims to Prevent Wrongful Convictions: It Highlights Mistaken Identification in Nine of 11 Virginia Cases, RICHMOND TIMES-DISPATCH, Mar. 30, 2005, at A1. http://truthinjustice.org/VA-prevent.htm

INNOCENCE PROJECT http://www.innocenceproject.org
Links to Resources: http://www.innocenceproject.org/links

JUSTICE:DENIED –The Magazine for the Wrongly Convicted http://www.justicedenied.org

JUSTICE PROJECT http://www.thejusticeproject.org

Current News: http://www.thejusticeproject.org/press

Reports/Studies: http://www.thejusticeproject.org/press/reports

Innocence Protection Act Press Kit: http://www.thejusticeproject.org/national/ipa/press-kit.html

Bill Kurtis, THE DEATH PENALTY ON TRIAL: CRISIS IN AMERICAN JUSTICE (Public Affairs 2004). http://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/publicaffairsbooks-cgi-bin/display?book=158648169X

Robin Mejia, Why We Cannot Rely on Firearm Forensics, NEW SCIENTIST, Nov. 26, 2005, at 6. http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg18825274.300.html

MISJUSTICE - website with links to articles and books. http://forejustice.org/wc/misjustice.htm

Michael and Becky Pardue, FREEING THE INNOCENT: HOW WE DID IT (2001). http://justicedenied.org/books/fti/fti_pardue.html

National Conference of State Legislatures, DNA IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE (last updated Apr. 14, 2006). http://www.ncsl.org/programs/cj/dna.htm

James Randerson, Bite-Mark Evidence Can Leave a False Impression, NEW SCIENTIST, Mar. 13, 2004, at 6. http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg18124381.100.html

James Randerson, Post-Mortem Drug Test Errors are Increasing, NEW SCIENTIST, Mar. 13, 2004, at 7. http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg18124381.200.html

Lawrence M. Solan and Peter M. Tiersma, Falling on Deaf Ears: Scientists Say That Earwitnesses are Unreliable. Why aren’t the Courts Listening?, LEGAL AFFAIRS, Nov./Dec. 2003, at 71. http://www.truthinjustice.org/deaf-ears.htm

Margaret Talbot, True Confessions: Two Simple Measures Could Go a Long Way Toward Ensuring that Findings of Criminal Guilt are Genuine, ATLANTIC MONTHLY, July 1, 2002, at 24. http://www.truthinjustice.org/confessions.htm

TRUTH IN JUSTICE -- "an educational non-profit organized to educate the public regarding the vulnerabilities in the U. S. criminal justice system that make the criminal conviction of wholly innocent persons possible."
Website: http://www.truthinjustice.org
Newsletter: http://www.truthinjustice.org/Online_Newsletter.htm

Gary L. Wells, Eyewitness Identification: Systemic Reforms, 2006 WISC. L. REV. 615 http://www.psychology.iastate.edu/faculty/gwells/Wisconsin_Law_article.pdf
Other articles by Wells available at: http://www.psychology.iastate.edu/faculty/gwells/wells_article_download_page.html

Richard Willing, Police Lineups Encourage Wrong Picks, Experts Say, USA TODAY, Nov. 26, 2002, at 1A. http://www.psychology.iastate.edu/faculty/gwells/USATODAY_Nov.2002.pdf

WRONGLY CONVICTED DATABASE INDEX
Searchable and browse-able database with links to details of innocent prisoners. http://forejustice.org/db/innocents.html

Forensics Under the Microscope – selected articles from the CHICAGO TRIBUNE series:

Flynn McRoberts & Steve Mills, Digitized Prints Can Point Finger at Innocent: Handling, Quality of Image are Risks, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Jan. 3, 2005, at 1. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/773117391.html?dids=773117391:773117391&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jan+3%2C+2005&author=Flynn+McRoberts+and+Steve+Mills%2C+Tribune+staff+reporters&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=1&desc=Digitized+prints+can+point+finger+at+innocent+
Flynn McRoberts, Steve Mills & Maurice Possley, Forensics under the Microscope: Unproven Techniques Sway Courts, Erode Justice, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Oct. 17, 2004, at 1. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/716741181.html?dids=716741181:716741181&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+17%2C+2004&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=1&desc=FORENSICS+UNDER+THE+MICROSCOPE+
Flynn McRoberts & Steve Mills, From the Start, a Faulty Science: Testimony on Bite Marks Prone to Error, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Oct. 19, 2004, at 1. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/716329171.html?dids=716329171:716329171&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+19%2C+2004&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=1&desc=FROM+THE+START%2C+A+FAULTY+SCIENCE+

Flynn McRoberts & Steve Mills, U.S. Seeks Review of Fingerprint Techniques, High Profile Errors Prompt Questions, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Feb. 21, 2005, at 1. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/795813921.html?dids=795813921:795813921&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Feb+21%2C+2005&author=Flynn+McRoberts+and+Steve+Mills%2C+Tribune+staff+reporters&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=1&desc=U.S.+seeks+review+of+fingerprint+techniques+
Steve Mills, Flynn McRoberts and Maurice Possley, When Labs Falter, Defendants Pay: Bias toward Prosecution Cited in Illinois Cases, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Oct. 20, 2004, at 1. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/717383981.html?dids=717383981:717383981&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+20%2C+2004&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=1&desc=WHEN+LABS+FALTER%2C+DEFENDANTS+PAY+
Maurice Possley, Arson Myths Fuel Errors: Debunked Theories Plague Fire Probes, Lead to Wrongful Arrests, Prosecutions, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Oct. 18, 2004, at 1. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/714973331.html?dids=714973331:714973331&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+18%2C+2004&author=Maurice+Possley%2C+Tribune+staff+reporter&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=1&desc=ARSON+MYTHS+FUEL+ERRORS+
Maurice Possley, Steve Mills and Flynn McRoberts, Scandal Touches Even Elite Labs: Flawed Work, Resistance to Scrutiny Seen Across U.S., CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Oct. 21, 2004, at 1. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/718357321.html?dids=718357321:718357321&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+21%2C+2004&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=1&desc=SCANDAL+TOUCHES+EVEN+ELITE+LABS+

Guest Lecture Series

2009-07-14 12:38:38

NCSTL sponsors talks by guest lecturers each year to which the Stetson
and larger communities are invited.


PTSD Panel (from left to right): LTC Rabb; in the Eleazer Courtroom at Stetson - Professor Allen, Judge Russell, Professor Morgan; Dr. Weaver. Not pictured: DJ Jacobs.
Emerging Issues: Returning Veterans, PTSD and Other Injuries, and Their Impact on the Criminal Justice System - October 31, 2008. WMNF News Story. Coming soon: webcast, transcript, and audio interview of the PTSD panel in Gulfport, FL. CLE approved by Florida Bar.

Forensic Linguistic Examination of Evidence - Dr. Frances Rock - September 16, 2008. Dr. Frances Rock webcast. Transcript of Dr. Rock's lecture coming soon.

Forensic Anthropology: From Crime Scene to Crime Fiction and Forensic Dentistry - Dr. Kathy Reichs and Dr. Robert Dorion - February 5, 2007. NPR Interview, Radio Link, and Webcast. Full Presentation.

Terrorists, Hurricanes and Viruses: What’s Next? - Dr. James G. Young, March 13, 2006. Full Presentation.

The Impact of DNA Evidence In Addressing Human Rights Issues in the Philippines and Other Uses of DNA Worldwide - Dr. Maria Corazon De Ungria and Christopher Asplen, January 23, 2006. Webcast and Full Presentation.

Forensic Pathology on Both Sides of the Pond - Drs. Michael Baden and Peter Dean, April 4, 2005. Webcast.

Advances in Forensic Science - Dr. Henry Lee, March 15, 2004. Webcast and Archived Audio.

Forensic Investigations Human Rights Violations in Kosovo - DR. HELENA RANTA, February 12, 2004. Archived Audio.

Forensic Medicine Odyssey - Dr. Cyril Wecht, February 11, 2004. Webcast and Archived Audio.

Complete History of Murder and Science in One Hour - Dr. Michael Baden, January 29, 2004. Webcast and Archived Audio.

Reference Index

2009-07-12 15:31:18

A Reference Index containing 1900 latent print, footwear, tire track, and miscellaneous forensic examinations files citations were donated by Ernest (Ernie) D. Hamm, expert in latent print, footwear, and tire track examinations. The citations will be incorporated into the NCSTL database.

Mr. Hamm has been an important part of the forensic community as reknowned practitioner, historian and educator for the past thirty years. He taught forensic examiners worldwide and is a Fellow of the Fingerprint Society and a Fellow of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences as well as a Life Member of the Canadian Identification Society (CIS) and a Life and Distinguished Member of the International Association for Identification (IAI). Mr. Hamm was also a certified inspector of the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors (ASCLD) Laboratory Accreditation Board.

Most of the material cited comes from the following publications:

Identification News - 1971 to 1987 (when it changed to Journal of Forensic Identification)
Journal of Forensic Identification - 1988 to Present
Identification Newsletter - 1980 to 1983 (when it changed to Identification Canada)
Identification Canada - 1984 to Present
Fingerprint World - 1978 to Present

Hot Topics in Forensics: Bibliography of Resources - March 15, 2006

2009-07-03 10:28:24

Hot Topics

Canine Sniffs & Scent Detection
Shaken Baby Syndrome
Ear Impressions and Lip Prints
Less Than Lethal Force
Virtual Autopsy
Microbial Forensics, Public Health & Bioterror
Facial Recognition Surveillance Cameras
Crime Labs Questioned
Questions about Fingerprint Identifications
Canine Sniffs & Scent Detection

Shaken Baby Syndrome

2009-07-03 12:31:33
Hot Topics - Shaken Baby Syndrome

Susan Margulies, Michael Prange, Barry S. Myers, Matthew R. Maltese, Songbai Ji, Xinguo Ning, Jacob Fisher, Kristy Arbogast & Cindy Christian, Letter to the Editor, Shaken Baby Syndrome: A Flawed Biomechanical Analysis, FORENSIC SCI. INT’L (forthcoming 2006), Located at: Forensic Science International

Kirsten Marion Stein, Katharina Ruf, Maria Katharina Ganten & Rainer Mattern, Representation of Cerebral Bridging Veins in Infants by Postmortem Computed Tomography, FORENSIC SCI. INT’L (forthcoming 2006), Located at: Forensic Science International

J.C. Upshaw Downs, Michael M. Baden, Rob Parrish, Christopher J. Plourd, Shaken Baby Syndrome: Medical Myth or Medical Fact?, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

Kay Rauth-Farley, Lori Fraiser, Robert Parrish & Randell Alexander, Abusive Head Truama in Infants and Children: Medical, Legal, and Forensic Issues A Clinical Guide, Color Atlas and Supplementary CD-ROM (G.W. Medical Publishing 2006), Located at: G.W. Medical Publishing

Mark Hansen, Battle of the Expert: A Forensic Pathologist Successfully Fights Criminal Charges Stemming From His Testimony in a Shaken Baby Case, A.B.A. J., Dec. 2005, at 52, Located at: ABA Journal

Andy Coghlan, Infant Deaths: Justice for the Innocents, NEW SCIENTIST, July 30, 2005, Located at: New Scientist

S. Cirovic, R.M. Bhola, D.R. Hose, I.C. Howard, P.V. Lawford & M.A. Parsons, Mechanistic Hypothesis for Eye Injury in Infant Shaking: An Experimental and Computational Study, 1 FORENSIC SCI. MED. & PATHOLOGY 53 (Mar. 2005), Located at: Forensic Science Medicine and Pathology

Jan E. Leestma, Case Analysis of Brain-Injured Admittedly Shaken Infants: 54 Cases, 1969-2001, 26 AM. J. FORENSIC MED. PATHOLOGY 199 (2005) (http://www.amjforensicmedicine.com)

Mark Donohoe, Evidence-Based Medicine and Shaken Baby Syndrome: Part I: Literature Review, 1966-1998, 24 AM. J. FORENSIC MED. & PATHOLOGY 239 (2003) (http://www.amjforensicmedicine.com)

Elaine Whitfield Sharpe, The Elephant on the Moon, THE WARRIOR, Fall 2003, at 28, Located at: The Warrior

Genie Lyons, Note, Shaken Baby Syndrome: A Questionable Scientific Syndrome and a Dangerous Legal Concept, 2003 UTAH L. REV. 1109 (Summer 2003), Located at: Utah Law Review

Jeffery M. Jentzen, Pathological Findings in Fatal Shaken Impact Syndrome, in THE SHAKEN BABY SYNDROME: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH (Stephen Lazoritz & Vincent J. Palusci eds., Haworth Press 2002), Located at: Haworth Press

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect, Shaken Baby Syndrome: Rotational Cranial Injuries – Technical Report, 108 PEDIATRICS 206 (July 2001), Located at: Pediatrics

Mary E. Case, Michael A. Graham, Tracey Corey Handy, Jeffrey M. Jentzen, & James A. Monteleone; National Association of Medical Examiners Ad Hoc Committee on Shaken Baby Syndrome, Position Paper on Fatal Abusive Head Injuries in Infants and Young Children, 22 AM. J. FORENSIC MED. & PATHOLOGY 112 (2001), Located at: American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology

Ear Impressions and Lip Prints

2009-07-03 09:16:30

Hot Topics - Ear Impressions and Lip Prints

Esperanza Navarro, Ana Castelló, Jose L. López & Fernando Verdú, Criminalystic: Effectiveness of Lysochromes on the Developing of Invisible Lipstick-Contaminated Lipmarks on Human Skin: A Preliminary Study, 158 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 9 (Apr. 2006), Located at: Forensic Science International

Arnout C. Ruifrok, Ivo B. Alberink, The FearID Ear Print Identification System, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

Angela Rozas, Judge Hears Sides on Lip-Print Debate: Murder Convict Seeks New Trial on Evidence, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Jan. 14, 2006, Located at: Chicago Tribune

Ana Castelló, Mercedes Alvarez-Seguí & Fernando Verdú, Luminous Lip-Prints as Criminal Evidence, 155 FORENSIC SCI. INT'L 185 (Dec. 2005), Located at: Forensic Science International

Hajime Utsuno, Takashi Kanoh, Osamu Tadokoro, Katsuhiro Inoue, Preliminary Study of Post Mortem Identification Using Lip Prints, 149 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 129 (May 2005), Located at: Forensic Science International

Annabelle James, Fresh Evidence: Development in Forensic Science Relating to Ear Prints, 67 J. CRIM. L. 13 (Feb. 2003), Located at: Journal of Criminal Law

Ali Abbas & Guy N. Rutty, Forensic Web Watch, 10 J. CLINICAL FORENSIC MED. 129 (2003), Located at: Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine (Describes web resources for ear print identification)

J. Ball, The Current Status of Lip Prints and Their Use for Identification, 20 J. FORENSIC ODONTOSTOMATOLOGY, Dec. 2002, at 43, Located at: Forensic Odontostomatology

Clare Barsby & D.C. Ormerod, Prosecution Relying on Expert Evidence Relating to Ear Prints - Whether Relevant And Reliable And Therefore Admissible - Whether Fresh Evidence From Further Experts Might Reasonably Have Affected Jury’s Decision, 2002 CRIM. L. REV. 821, Oct. 2002, Located at: Thompson Sweet and Maxwell

Mark Hansen, The Fine Print: Courts Split on Admissibility of Lip, Ear Impression Evidence, A.B.A. J., Oct. 2000, at 18 ABA Journal

Mercedes Alvarez Segui, Marcos Miquel Feucht, Ana Castello Ponce & Fernando A. Verdu Pascual, Persistent Lipsticks and Their Lip Prints: New Hidden Evidence at the Crime Scene, 112 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 41 (July 2000), Located at: Forensic Science International

Less Than Lethal Force

2009-07-02 23:29:02

Hot Topics - Less Than Lethal Force

Emma Jenkinson, Clare Neeson & Anthony Bleetman, The Relative Risk of Police Use-of-Force Options: Evaluating the Potential for Deployment of Electronic Weaponry, J. CLINICAL FORENSIC MED. (forthcoming 2006), Located at: Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine

Rick Smith, TASER Non-Lethal Weapons: Safety Data and Field Results, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

Mark Schlosberg, Stun Gun Fallacy: How the Lack of Taser Regulation Endangers Lives, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

Adam K. Aleksander, Forensic Engineering Analysis of TASER Issues and Safety Warnings, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

Amy T. Sheil & Kim A. Collins, TASER-Related Fatalities: Case Report and Review of the Literature, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

Robert Davis, Doctors: Tasers Can Be Safe – Within Limits: ER Coalition Urges Oversight of Stun Guns, USA TODAY, Feb. 20, 2006, at 11B, Located at: USA Today

Allison Torres Burtka, Tasers Continue to Draw Scrutiny, TRIAL, Jan. 2006, at 74, Located at: Trial

International Association of Chiefs of Police, ELECTRO-MUSCULAR DISRUPTION TECHNOLOGY: A NINE-STEP STRATEGY FOR EFFECTIVE DEPLOYMENT (May 2005), Located at: International Association of Chiefs of Police

Taser International and Amnesty International Debate Safety of Taser Weapons, POLICE, May 2005, at 14, Located at: Police

Electric Shock from Tasers Can Injure and Kill, Lawsuits Claim, TRIAL, May 2005, at 16, Located at: ATLA

Steve Hougland, Charlie Mesloh & Mark Henych, Use of Force, Civil Litigation, and the Taser: One Agency’s Experience, FBI L. ENFORCEMENT BULL., Mar. 2005, at 24, Located at: FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin

The Early Show: TASER Danger? (CBS television broadcast Oct. 12, 2004), Located at: The Early Show

Virtual Autopsy

2009-07-02 23:24:32

Hot Topics - Virtual Autopsy

Michael J. Thali, Peter Vock & Richard Dirnhofer, VIRTOPSY (Virtual Autopsy) - Past, Present, and Future, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

Christian Jackowski, Stephan Dirnhofer, Michael Thali, Emin Aghayev, Richard Dirnhofer & Martin Sonnenschien, Postmortem Diagnostics Using MSCT and MRI of a Lethal Streptococcus Group A Infection at Infancy: Case Report, 151 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 157 (July 2005), Located at: Forensic Science International

Christian Jackowski, Wolf Schweitzer, Michael Thali, Kathrin Yen, Emin Aghayev, Martin Sonnenschein, Peter Vock & Richard Dirnhofer, Virtopsy: Postmortem Imaging of the Human Heart In Situ Using MSCT and MRI, 149 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 11 (Apr. 2005), Located at: Forensic Science International

Ryan Bigge, The 4th Annual: Year In Ideas: Virtopsy, NEW YORK TIMES, Dec. 12, 2004, at Sec. 6, Located at: NY Times

Michael J. Thali , R. Dirnhofer, R. Becker, W. Oliver & K. Potter, Is 'Virtual Histology' the Next Step after the 'Virtual Autopsy'? Magnetic Resonance Microscopy in Forensic Medicine, 22 MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING 1131 (Oct. 2004), Located at: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Michael J. Thali, Emin Aghayev, Christian Jackowski, Martin Sonnenschein, Kathrin Yen, Peter Vock & Richard Dirnhofer, Virtopsy - Fatal Motor Vehicle Accident with Head Injury, 49 J. FORENSIC SCI. 809 (July 2004), Located at: Journal Forensic Science

Michael J. Thali, Kathrin Yen, Peter Vock, Barbara Tiefenthaler, Gerhard Ranner, Eva Scheurer, Michael J. Thali, Karin Zwygart, Martin Sonnenschein, Marco Wiltgen & Richard Dirnhofer, Virtopsy - Forensic Traumatology of the Subcutaneous Fatty Tissue; Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as Diagnostic Tools, 49 J. FORENSIC SCI. 799 (July 2004), Located at: Journal of Forensic Science

Benjamin Weiser, Can Prints Lie? Yes, Man Finds to His Dismay, NEW YORK TIMES, May 31, 2004, at A1, Located at: NY Times

Jack March, Damian Schofield, Martin Evison & Noel Woodford, Three-Dimensional Computer Visualization of Forensic Pathology Data, 25 AM. J. FORENSIC MED. & PATHOLOGY 60 (Mar. 2004), Located at: American Journal Forensic Medicine & Pathology

Jon Van, Technology Notebook Column, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, December 8, 2003, Located at: Chicago Tribune

Sarah Graham, Autopsies, No Scalpel Required, SCIENTIFICAMERICAN.COM, Dec. 3, 2003, Located at: Scientific American

Michael J. Thali, K. Yen, M. Sonnenschein, C. Stoupis, P. Vock, K. Zwygart-Brugger, T. Kilchor & R. Dirnhofer, Virtopsy: Postmortem Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in a Fatal Scuba Diving Incident, 48 J. FORENSIC SCI. 1347 (Nov. 2003), Located at: Journal of Forensic Science

Catherine Nangini, Virtual Autopsy May Be Next Innovation in Forensic Field: Medical Imaging Useful in Solving Crime, but Cost, Training Debated, MILWAUKEE JOURNAL SENTINEL, Aug. 23, 2003, at B1, Located at: Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Michael J. Thali, W. Schweitzer, K Yen, P. Vock, C. Ozdoba, E. Spielvogel & R. Dirnhofer, New Horizons in Forensic Radiology: The 60-Second Digital Autopsy: Full-Body Examination of a Gunshot Victim by Multislice Computed Tomography, 24 AM. J. FORENSIC MED. & PATHOLOGY 22 (Mar. 2003), Located at: American Journal of Forensic Medicine & Pathology

Michael J. Thali, Kathrin Yen, Wolf Schweitzer, Peter Vock, Chris Boesch, Christoph Ozdoba, Gerhard Schroth, Michael Ith, Martin Sonnenschein, Tanja Doernhoefer, Eva Scheurer, Thomas Plattner & Richard Dirnhofer, Virtopsy - A New Imaging Horizon in Forensic Pathology: Virtual Autopsy by Postmortem Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - A Feasibility Study, 48 J. FORENSIC SCI. 386 (Mar. 2003), Located at: Journal Forensic Science

Michael J. Thali, Kathrin Yen, Thomas Plattner, Wolf Schweitzer, Peter Vock, Christoph Ozdoba & Richard Dirnhofer, Charred Body: Virtual Autopsy with Multi-slice Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 47 J. FORENSIC SCI. 1326 (Nov. 2002), Located at: Forensic Science

Michael J. Thali, B.P. Kneubuehl, P. Vock, G. Allmen & R. Dirnhofer, High-Speed Documented Experimental Gunshot to a Skull-Brain Model and Radiologic Virtual Autopsy, 23 AM. J. FORENSIC MED. & PATHOLOGY 223 (Sept. 2002), Located at: American Journal Forensic Medicine & Pathology

Microbial Forensics, Public Health & Bioterror

2009-07-02 23:30:41

Hot Topics - Microbial Forensics, Public Health & Bioterror

Dr. James G. Young, Special Advisor to the Minister, Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness for the Government of Canada, Terrorists, Hurricanes and Viruses: What’s Next? (Mar. 13, 2006), Located at: NCSTL

Mark Maddaloni, World Trade Center Disaster - Characterizing the Nature and Extent of Contamination and Assessing Health Effects, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

Bruce Budowle, Randall Murch & Ranajit Chakraborty, Microbial Forensics: The Next Forensic Challenge, 119 INT’L J. LEG. MED. 317 (Nov. 2005), Located at: International Journal of Legal Medicine

ROGER BREEZE, BRUCE BUDOWLE & STEVEN SCHUTZER, MICROBIAL FORENSICS (Academic Press 2005), Located at: Elsevier

Steven E. Schutzer, Bruce Budowle & Ronald M. Atlas, Policy Forum: Biocrimes, Microbial Forensics, and the Physician, 2 PLOS MED. e337 (2005), Located at: PLOS Medicine

Bruce Budowle, Genetics and Attribution Issues that Confront the Microbial Forensics Field, 146 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L S185 (Dec. 2004), Located at: Forensic Science International Las

Kurt B. Nolte, Randy L. Hanzlick, Daniel C. Payne, Andrew T. Kroger, William R. Oliver, Andrew M. Baker, Dennis E. McGowan, Joyce L. DeJong, Michael R. Bell, Jeannette Guarner, Wun-Ju Shieh & Sherif R. Zaki, Medical Examiners, Coroners, and Biologic Terrorism: A Guidebook for Surveillance and Case Management, MMWR RECOMMENDATIONS & REPORTS, Vol. 53, No. RR-8, at 1 (June 11, 2004), Located at: MMWR

Lima Raham, Bioterrorism and the MSEHPA, 4 HOUS. J. HEALTH L. & POL’Y 117 (Fall 2003), Located at: Houston Journal Health Law and Policy

George J. Annas, Puppy Love: Bioterrorism, Civil Rights, and Public Health, 55 FLA. L. REV. 1171 (Dec. 2003), Located at: Florida Law Review

Bruce Budowle, Steven E. Schutzer, Anja Einseln, Lynda C. Kelley, Anne C. Walsh, Jenifer A. L. Smith, Babetta L. Marrone, James Robertson & Joseph Campos, Public Health: Building

Microbial Forensics as a Response to Bioterrorism, 301 SCIENCE 1852 (Sept. 2003), Located at: Science

Randall S. Murch, Microbial Forensics: Building a National Capacity to Investigate Bioterrorism, 1 BIOSECURITY & BIOTERRORISM: BIODEFENSE STRATEGY, PRAC. & SCI. 117 (June 2003), Located at: Practicum and Science

Lawrence O. Gostin, The Model State Emergency Health Powers Act: Public Health and Civil Liberties in a Time of Terrorism, 13 HEALTH MATRIX 3 (Winter 2003), Located at: Health Matrix
Victoria Sutton, Bioterrorism: Who's in Charge?, 13 HEALTH MATRIX 117 (Winter 2003), Located at: Health Matrix

A.M. Sardesai, N.M. Brown, D.K. Menon, Deliberate Release of Biological Agents, 57 ANAESTHESIA 1067 (Nov. 2002), Located at: Anaesthesia

David P. Fidler, Bioterrorism, Public Health, and International Law, 3 CHI. J. INT’L L. 7 (Spring 2002), Located at: Chicago Journal of International Law

James G. Hodge, Jr., Bioterrorism Law and Policy: Critical Choices in Public Health, 30 J. L. MED. & ETHICS 254 (2002), Located at: Journal of Legal Medicine and Ethics

MURDER BY MAIL: THE HUNT FOR THE ANTHRAX KILLER (Films for the Humanities & Science 2002), Located at: MURDER BY MAIL: THE HUNT FOR THE ANTHRAX KILLER

MODEL STATE EMERGENCY HEALTH POWERS ACT (Dec. 21, 2001 Draft), Located at: MODEL STATE EMERGENCY HEALTH POWERS ACT

Facial Recognition Surveillance Cameras

2009-07-02 23:27:48

Hot Topics - Facial Recognition Surveillance Cameras

Fred Guterl & William Underhill, Taking a Closer Look, NEWSWEEK INT’L, Mar. 8, 2006, at 42, Located at: Newsweek International

Larry Greenemeier, Cisco Invests in Converged IT and Video Surveillance Security, INFORMATIONWEEK, Mar. 7, 2006, Located at: Information Week

Derek Bambauer, Cool Tools For Tyrants: The Latest American Technology Helps the Chinese Government and Other Repressive Regimes Clamp Down, LEGAL AFFAIRS JOURNAL, Jan./Feb. 2006, at 55, Located at: Legal Affairs Journal

Noah Shachtman, The New Security: Cameras That Never Forget Your Face, NEW YORK TIMES, Jan. 25, 2006, at G6, Located at: NY Times

Steve Connor, Surveillance UK: Why this Revolution is Only the Start, THE INDEPENDENT (UK) ONLINE, Dec. 22, 2005, Located at: The Independent Online

Tom Lott, Every Move You Make: Surveillance Society, TIMES OF LONDON, May 14, 2005, Magazine Features, at 37, Located at: Times of London

Che-Yen Wen, Shih-Hsuan Chiu, Yi-Ren Tseng & Chuan-Pin Lu, The Mask Detection Technology for Occluded Face Analysis in the Surveillance System, 50 J. FORENSIC SCI. 593 (May 2005), Located at: Journal of Forensic Science

C. Peacock, A. Goode & A. Brett, Automatic Forensic Face Recognition from Digital Images, 44 SCI. & JUST. 29, Jan./Mar. 2004, Located at: Science and Justice

M. J. Blitz, Video Surveillance and the Constitution of Public Space: Fitting the Fourth Amendment to a World That Tracks Image and Identity, 82 TEX. L. REV. 1349 (May 2004), Located at: Texas Law Review

Jane Black, Smile, You’re on Surveillance Camera, BUSINESSWEEK ONLINE, Oct. 17, 2003, Located at: Business Week Online

David Lamb, One Last City is Scanning for Faces in the Crowd, LOS ANGELES TIMES, Sept. 29, 2003, at A10, Located at: Los Angeles Times

Joyce W. Luk, Identifying Terrorists: Privacy Rights in the United States and United Kingdom, 25 HASTINGS INT’L & COMP. L. REV. 223, (2002), Located at: Hastings International

Crime Labs Questioned

2009-07-02 23:26:45

Hot Topics - Crime Labs Questioned

Darren E. Haliniewski, Demris A. Lee, Suzanne M. Barritt, Brion C. Smith, Mark Leney & Thomas D. Holland, The Implementation and Evaluation of a Blind Proficiency Testing Program, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

Sheri H. Mecklenburg, Betty Layne DesPortes & Peter J. Neufeld, Crisis Management in the Lab: Legal Considerations in Conducting Audits and Other Investigations, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

Christopher J. Plourd, The Elephant in the Crime Laboratory: Negligence, Serious Misconduct, and Fraud; The Ray Krone and Other Horror Stories, AAFS 58TH ANNUAL MEETING, Feb. 20-25, 2006, Located at: AAFS

HPDLABINVESTIGATION.ORG, website of the Independent Investigator for the Houston Police Department Crime Laboratory and Property Room (Michael R. Bromwich), includes the FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD REPORTS OF THE INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATOR FOR THE HOUSTON POLICE DEPARTMENT CRIME LABORATORY AND PROPERTY ROOM, as well as press releases and other information, Located at: HPD Lab Investigation

CNN Presents: Reasonable Doubt: Can Crime Labs be Trusted? (CNN television broadcast Nov. 5, 2005), Located at: CNN Presents

Eric Lichtblau, F.B.I. Abandons Disputed Test for Bullets from Crime Scenes, NEW YORK TIMES, Sept. 2, 2005, at A12, Located at: NY Times

Andrew Tilghman, A Case Study: Backlog on DNA Testing May Have Hurt Public; Prosecutors Say Rapist Committed Another Crime During a Delay of 1 1/2 Years, HOUSTON CHRONICLE, June 17, 2005, at A1, Located at: Houston Chronicle

Steve McVicker & Ron Nissimov, HPD Lab Probe Gets New Set of Eyes, HOUSTON CHRONICLE, Mar. 30, 2005, Located at: Houston Chronicle

Flynn McRoberts and Steve Mills, U.S. Seeks Review of Fingerprint Techniques: High-Profile Errors Prompt Questions, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Feb. 21, 2005, at CN1 (Part of the series Tribune Investigative Report: Forensics Under the Microscope), Located at: Chicago Tribune

Laurel P. Gorman, The Brady Solution: A Due Process Remedy for Those Convicted With Evidence From Faulty Crime Labs (The Keta Taylor Colby Death Penalty Project), 39 U.S.F. L. REV. 725 (2005), Located at: U.S.F. Law Review

Maurice Possley, Steve Mills & Flynn McRoberts, Scandal Touches Even Elite Labs: Flawed Work, Resistance to Scrutiny Seen Across U.S., CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Oct. 21, 2004, at C1, Located at: Chicago Tribune

Flynn McRoberts, Steve Mills & Maurice Possley, Forensics Under The Microscope: Unproven Techniques Sway Courts, Erode Justice, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Oct. 17, 2004, at C1 (Part of the series Tribune Investigative Report: Forensics Under the Microscope), Located at: Chicago Tribune

Eric Lichtblau, National Briefing Washington: Scientist Falsified DNA Reports, NEW YORK TIMES, May 19, 2004, at A21, Located at: NY Times

A Year of Scandals with Forensic Evidence, WASHINGTON POST, July 27, 2003, at A5, Located at: Washington Post

Robert Tanner, The Nation: Crime Labs Stained by a Shadow of Doubt: Although Only a Few Convictions Have Been Overturned Because of Errors, Critics Want Facilities to be Accredited, LOS ANGELES TIMES, July 13, 2003, at A18, Los Angeles Times

John Solomon, FBI Crime Lab's Analysis Again Under Microscope, HOUSTON CHRONICLE, Apr. 16, 2003, at A8, Located at: Houston Chronicle

Roma Khanna, HPD Chief Proposes Independently Run Crime Lab, HOUSTON CHRONICLE, Apr. 03, 2003, at A1, Located at: Houston Chronicle

Lianne Hart, The Nation: DNA Lab's Woes Cast Doubt on 68 Prison Terms: Forensic Science at a Houston Police Unit Was Plagued By Problems: The Inmates for Whom Retesting is Ordered Include 17 on Death Row, LOS ANGELES TIMES, Mar. 31, 2003, at A19, Located at: Los Angeles Times

M.J. Saks, D.M. Risinger, R. Rosenthal & W.C. Thompson, Context Effect in Forensic Science: A Review and Application of the Science of Science to Crime Laboratory Practice in the United States, 43 SCI. & JUST. 77 (2003), Located at: Science and Justice

Adam Liptak, 2 States to Review Lab Work Of Expert Who Erred on ID, NEW YORK TIMES, Dec. 19, 2002, at A24, Located at: NY Times

Questions about Fingerprint Identifications

2009-07-03 09:15:23

Hot Topics - Questions about Fingerprint Identifications

David M. Siegel, Mark Acree, Robert Bradley, Simon A. Cole, David L. Faigman, Stephen E. Fienberg, Paul C. Giannelli, Lyn Haber, Ralph N. Haber, Donald Kennedy, Jane C. Moriarty, D. Michael Risinger, John R. Vokey & Sandy L. Zabell, The Reliability of Latent Print Individualization: Brief of the Amici Curiae Submitted on Behalf of Scientists and Scholars by the New England Innocence Project, Commonwealth v. Patterson, 42 CRIM. L. BULL. 21 (Jan./Feb. 2006), Located at: Criminal Law Bulletin

Itiel E. Dror, David Charlton & Ailsa E. Peron, Contextual Information Renders Experts Vulnerable to Making Erroneous Identifications, 156 FORENSIC SCI. INT’L 74 (2006) (http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~id/FSI%20contextual%20influences.pdf)

Sharon Begley, Fingerprint Matches Come Under More Fire as Potentially Fallible, WALL STREET JOURNAL, Oct. 7, 2005, Located at: Wall Street Journal

Paul C. Giannelli, Fingerprints: Misidentifications, 20 CRIM. JUST. 50, Spring 2005, Criminal Justice

Sandy L. Zabell, Fingerprint Evidence, 13 J.L. & POL'Y 143 (Spring 2005) (in Science for Judges III: Maintaining the Integrity of Scientific Research and Forensic Evidence in Criminal Proceedings), Located at: Journal of Law and Policy

Simon A. Cole, More Than Zero: Accounting for Error in Latent Fingerprint Identification, 95 J. CRIM. L. & CRIMINOLOGY 985 (Spring 2005), Located at: Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

U.S. Seeks Review of Fingerprint Techniques, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Feb. 21, 2005 (http://www.chicagotribune.com)

Itiel E. Dror, Ailsa E. Peron, Sara-Lynn Hindi & David Charlton, When Emotions Get the Better of Us: The Effect of Contextual Top-down Processing on Matching Fingerprints, 19 APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOL. 799 (2005), Located at: Applied Cognitive Psychology

R. Stacey, A Report on the Erroneous Fingerprint Individualization in the Madrid Train Bombing Case, J. FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION, Nov./Dec. 2004, at 706, Located at: Journal of Forensic Identification

Jeff Wise, Under the Microscope: Legal Challenges to Fingerprints and DNA as Methods of Forensic Identification, 18 INT’L REV. L. COMPUTERS & TECH. 425 (Nov. 2004), Located at: International Review of Law, Computers & Technology

FBI Analysts Faulted in Arrest of Portland Lawyer, LOS ANGELES TIMES, Nov. 17, 2004, at A30, Located at: Los Angeles Times

Steven T. Wax & Christopher J. Schatz, A Multitude of Errors: The Brandon Mayfield Case, CHAMPION, Sept./Oct. 2004, at 6, Located at: Champion

David Heath & Hal Bernton, FBI Admits Fingerprint Error, Clearing Portland Attorney, SEATTLE TIMES, May 25, 2004, at A1, Seattle Times

Dr. Kathy Reichs and Dr. Robert Dorion

2009-08-11 11:37:33
The National Clearinghouse for Science, Technology and the Law
Presents

DRS. KATHY REICHS and ROBERT DORION, MD
Forensic Anthropology: From Crime Scene to Crime Fiction and Forensic Dentistry

February 5, 2007
Stetson University College of Law, The Great Hall, 1401 61st Street South, Gulfport, FL

Dr. Kathy Reichs, the producer of the hit TV series, Bones, and award winning novelist of the nine books in the Temperance Brennan series, is also a forensic anthropologist for the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, State of North Carolina, and for the Laboratoire des Sciences Judiciaires et de Médecine Légale for the province of Quebec. She is one of only fifty forensic anthropologists certified by the American Board of Forensic Anthropology and is on the Board of Directors of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences. A professor of anthropology at The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Dr. Reichs is a native of Chicago, where she received her Ph.D. at Northwestern. She now divides her time between Charlotte and Montreal and is a frequent expert witness in criminal trials.

Her work as a forensic anthropologist is internationally recognized. She has traveled to Rwanda to testify at the UN Tribunal on Genocide, helped identify individuals from mass graves in Guatemala, and done forensic work at Ground Zero in New York. For her work with CILHI she has identified war dead from World War II, from all of Southeast Asia – she even examined the remains from the tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

Experiences she has had while working in forensic anthropology spawned her best selling novels. Each new story plays on an aspect of forensic anthropology and matter classification that Dr. Reichs has personally used in her work, allowing her main character, Temperance Brennan’s work to be authentic. Novels in the Temperance Brennan series are: Déjà Dead, Death du Jour, Deadly Decisions, Fatal Voyage, Grave Secrets, Bare Bones, Monday Mourning, Cross Bones, and Break No Bones.

The story lines on the dramatic TV series Bones, which appears on the Fox network, are inspired by realities of Dr. Reichs’ work and are loosely based on the experiences of the Dr. Temperance Brennan character from her books.

Dr. Robert B. J. Dorion is Director of Forensic Dentistry at the Laboratoire des Sciences Judiciaires et de Médecine Légale, Ministry of Public Security for the province of Quebec since 1973. He graduated with a B.Sc. from St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, N.S. in 1968 and a D.D.S. from Mc Gill University, Montreal, QC. in 1972. He is a founding member and past president of the American Board of Forensic Odontology and recipient of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences’ prestigious "Distinguished Fellows" award in 2002 and the Odontology section "Lester Luntz" award in 2005.

He has lectured extensively at forensic conferences and universities throughout the world in places like Canada, France, Italy, Puerto Rico, and the United States. He has addressed law enforcement agencies, including the FBI Academy in Quantico and the Canadian Police College in Ottawa, Canada.

In 2000 he received an "Exceptional Service in the Public Interest" award from the FBI Director. A past president of the Canadian Society of Forensic Science, he has served on various committees of forensic organizations in the United States and Canada, as well as serving as consultant to the Law Reform Commission of Canada and to the FBI Dental Task Force, Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS), National Crime Information Center (NCIC).

An innovator, he launched the first Forensic Dentistry Internet course with the Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, in the fall of 2004. He has authored articles/chapters for various journals/textbooks/books/manuals on the subject of forensic dentistry. His accomplishments include chapters for the College of American Pathologists and the American Society of Forensic Odontology manuals. He has edited the first stand-alone comprehensive textbook entitled Bitemark Evidence released in 2005 and published by Marcel Dekker, New York, NY.